शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Tardive Dyskinesia Overview with Matt Stern - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

Tardif dyskinesia is a movement disorder that is characterized by uncontrollable,

abnormal, and repetitive movements, which can include grimacing, sticking out of the tongue, smacking the lips, as well as jerky,

involuntary movements of other body parts.

These can be very disruptive to both the patient and their family and can be very difficult to diagnose, particularly in the earliest stages when movements can be very subtle.

Symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can often be persistent and potentially disabling.

Tardive dyskinesia is caused by the prolonged use of specific drugs that block so-called dopamine receptors in the brain.

These are particularly medications that are referred to as antipsychotics, which are commonly prescribed to treat mental illnesses such as schizophrenia,

bipolar disorder, and even depression.

The condition first appeared in the 1950s after the introduction of drugs like Thorazine for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia.

But there are also certain anti-nausea medications that can also cause targeted dyskinesia like metoclopramide or Reglan.

He's also blocked dopamine receptors.

The condition typically develops after months or even years of treatment and can persist even off the drugs.

The diagnosis is based on the symptoms after ruling out other potential causes.

What makes tardive dyskinesia particularly challenging is that the drugs that cause the disorder can also mask the symptoms.

So patients may manifest tardive dyskinesia as they reduce the dose or discontinue the use of these dopamine-blocking drugs.

This underscores the need for a movement disorder specialist to be involved in the diagnosis and the treatment of tardive dyskinesia.

Fortunately, this can be managed, even though it's challenging.

There are so-called atypical neuroleptic medications that now exist that can reduce the risk of developing tardive dyskinesia,

And there are even drugs that have been approved for the specific indication of treating patients with these very troubling symptoms.

Treatments such as valbenazine or ingresa and dutrabenazine and others,

even botulium toxin, have also been used for the treatment of symptoms of tardive dyskinesia.

While the symptoms of tardive dyskinesia can be persistent and potentially disabling, after the discontinuation of an antipsychotic, the symptoms can be managed.

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Tardive Dyskinesia Overview with Matt Stern - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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