शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Peter Fonagy: What is Mentalization? - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

Mentalisation is not a new concept,

but in fact it was particularly intensively used in the 19th century around 1880,

the effort that the mind made was called mentalizing.

And the word actually came into language in the 16th, 17th century has been around.

We started using it along with neuroscientists colleagues in the late 1980s to describe the effort

that an individual makes to understand other people in terms of their thoughts, their feelings, their wishes, their beliefs,

their desires, what goes on between their ears, their subjective world.

If you start understanding behavior in terms of the feelings or the thoughts that give rise to it,

it gives you a sense of meaning that behavior becomes meaningful.

And of course the same processes apply to one's own behavior.

Why did we start using it just then?

Well, neuroscience progressed and we realized that there were particular parts of the brain that actually were devoted just for this function,

just to understand behavior in terms of mental state

so it was kind of it was a thing it was something that perhaps we needed to consider.

We were the first group in London to apply that notion to how parents understood their children

that you can understand a child in terms of the thoughts, the feelings, the wishes, the beliefs,

the desires that the child has that might explain to you why the child behaves in that way.

That understanding will determine your attitude towards the child.

If you think that the child who,

I don't know, whose face is just covered in chocolate and looking at you and kind of tentatively child maybe of one,

their first birthday, and they're looking at you having just dipped that entire face in the chocolate cake that you have made.

And you look back.

How you interpret the child's actions,

whether there's something that they did for fun and and you laugh along with them, or you see the child doing that just

because they wanted to ruin the whole birthday celebration and not appreciate how much effort that you have made.

How you conceive of the child's behaviour will entirely determine your reaction, and the child is looking at you,

trying to understand the meaning of their actions in your reactions.

So in that little interchange, there are two people each trying to read each other's minds.

And it happens in a flash, in the blink of an eye, how your intuitive understanding of the child

and how the child's intuitive understanding of your reaction can make that interaction something that's joyful,

that's something that is a memory

that will stay with you for the rest of your life

and something that you remind remind the child of or it's something

that becomes a source of anxiety for the child

that they don't know that what they do may be met with disapproval

and their intention is not recognized it's always becomes spontaneity, will always be a source of threat.

Some parents struggle a little bit more with seeing the child as the child is,

the child's genuine thoughts, genuine feelings, genuine beliefs, genuine desires behind their action,

and they are more likely to put their ideas about what the child might be trying to do into the child,

onto the child, and that may sometimes be unhelpful.

I don't think that anybody does that on purpose.

Sometimes I know that as a parent, sometimes I get tired.

When I get tired or when I get anxious, I'm much more likely to jump to conclusions about my child and misunderstand.

And to be honest, probably I get the child right.

and this is somebody talking who prides themselves on his sensitivity about 50 % of the time.

But I think that actually is probably extremely healthy for the child because they get used to it.

If they got used to in their interaction with you, they got used to them being perfectly understood all the time,

that wouldn't prepare them for life.

I think there are very important elements to understanding the impact of modern culture,

modern society on child rearing from the point of view of mentalizing.

Because mentalizing as an approach highlights is the critical nature of the relationship between child and parent,

that the child is looking to find themselves,

their subjectivity in the mind of an adult who is there for them exclusively,

because of the nature of that relationship being an attachment relationship.

Replacing that adult with any kind of generic stimulus like a television

or something that's presented by the media is potentially catastrophic

because it will not have the opportunity within it to enable the child to recognize themselves.

And if we think that that's important, and I personally think it is the most important thing, then there is a very profound risk.

I think I've got two or three pieces of evidence that speak to that.

The first is from much later in development, that what we've now recognised is that in adolescence,

certainly after age 11 or 12,

children's primary socialising agents are other children.

They encounter very few adults.

And I think this has led to substantial problems like the increase of anxiety in girls and increase of self -harm,

a whole range of difficulties.

I think there is also evidence

that the more we have focused on early childhood as an area of concern

that children from the younger stage needed to be recognized as children,

as individuals, the more benefit that we can see in terms of 10 years later,

there's adolescents being less violent.

A very good example of that is in England where a government coming in,

putting a great deal of money into early childhood interventions, led 10 years later to a decline of violent crime.

I think thirdly, and perhaps to me most importantly,

the amount of time

that a parent spends with the child is less important than the quality of

that time and we know a hell of a lot about that.

And the quality of that time is not

so much to do with quality of happy time or good time or pleasant time,

it's to do with the parent being there to help the child solve the problems

that they on their own feel unable to solve.

So it's to me problem -solving time.

So it's young children being able to turn to an adult who is there for them with the problems

that they experience from within.

If that channel can be preserved then the quality of the relationship between the parent

and the child will fulfill its evolutionary function.

If that is missed, then that person,

that little person, will find it less safe to turn to others around them,

to help them with the problems that they will have throughout their life.

So, to me,

it is opening the child's mind up to solutions to their problems being found in the social network around them.

That is what we want to establish in the early years.

If we fail young children in that by overemphasis in the media,

by neglect, a whole range of other things.

I think we will make the child more rigid, more closed off, less flexible, less adaptable, less willing to learn.

And after all it is for learning that we have been put on this planet.

We are just teaching and learning machines.

✨ अनुशंसित वीडियो

59 वाक्य

इस क्लिप के लिए बोलने के लक्ष्य

इस वीडियो में प्रस्तुत सामग्री अंग्रेजी बोलने के प्रवाह को सुधारने के लिए अत्यंत उपयोगी है। इसका मुख्य लक्ष्य यह है कि आप दूसरों के विचारों और भावनाओं को समझने में सक्षम हों, जिससे आपकी बातचीत अधिक अर्थपूर्ण और प्रभावी हो सके। जब आप किसी अन्य व्यक्ति के व्यवहार को उनके विचारों और इच्छाओं के संदर्भ में समझते हैं, तो आप उनकी प्रतिक्रियाओं को बेहतर तरीके से समझ पाते हैं। इसके माध्यम से आप अपनी संप्रेषण क्षमताओं में सुधार कर सकते हैं और आत्मविश्वास के साथ बातचीत कर सकते हैं।

फ्रेज़ बैंक

“आपका व्यवहार”
“आपकी प्रतिक्रिया”
“आपकी भावनाएँ”
“बच्चे के विचार”
“आत्मीय समझ”

इन वाक्यांशों का उपयोग करके, आप अपने संवाद को और अधिक प्रभावी बना सकते हैं। इन्हें नियमित रूप से बोलने का अभ्यास करें, ताकि आप इन्हें सही तरीके से प्रयोग कर सकें।

अपनी कमजोरियों को सुधारें

इस वीडियो के माध्यम से आप उच्चारण और लय में सुधार कर सकते हैं। जब आप संवाद में शामिल भावनात्मक तत्वों को समझते हैं, तो यह आपकी बोलने की शैली को अधिक आकर्षक बनाता है। उच्चारण में सुधार करने के लिए, वीडियो में बोले गए वाक्यांशों का अभ्यास करें। आप अंग्रेजी शैडोइंग तकनीक का उपयोग करके इन वाक्यांशों को सुन सकते हैं और फिर उनका अनुकरण कर सकते हैं। इससे आपका उच्चारण बेहतर होगा और आप अंग्रेजी बोलने का अभ्यास करने में सक्षम होंगे।

आपको वीडियो से अंग्रेजी सीखने का अवसर मिल रहा है, जिससे आप न केवल अपनी भाषा क्षमताओं में सुधार कर सकते हैं, बल्कि दूसरों के साथ गहरे संबंध भी बना सकते हैं। आज ही अपनी अंग्रेजी बोलने की यात्रा शुरू करें और अपने लक्ष्यों को प्राप्त करें!

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचना	वीडियो में
Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है	was called · were devoted · is just covered
Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है	has been · have made · we've now recognised

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

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शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Peter Fonagy: What is Mentalization? - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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