Pratica di Shadowing: English vocabulary in use Advanced unit 1 - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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A. Study and exams.
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Before an exam, some students cram for it.
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Even if you're a genius, you'll have to do some revision.
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If the exam happens every year, you can revise by looking at past papers.
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Some things can be memorised or learnt off by heart, but rote learning is not sufficient for most subjects.
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It is also possible to use mnemonics.
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However, all things considered, the best idea is to bury yourself in your books
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and to study intensively until you know the subject inside out.
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B. Academic writing.
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Composition.
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Could be just 50 to 100 words, often used for schoolwork.
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Essay.
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Longer than a composition, more serious, hundreds or thousands of words.
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Assignment.
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A long essay, often part of a course, usually thousands of words.
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Project, like an assignment, but emphasis on students' own material and topic.
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Portfolio, a collection of individual pieces of work, may include drawings and other examples of creative work, as well as writing.
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Dissertation, a long research-based work, perhaps 10,000 to 15,000 words, for a degree or diploma.
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Thesis, a very long original research-based work, perhaps 80 to 100,000 words for a higher degree, for example a PhD.
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It's a good idea to start with a mind map when preparing an essay.
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Always write a first draft before writing up the final version.
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Your essay should be all your own work.
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Plagiarism is a very serious offence in colleges and universities.
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It is an increasing problem because it is so easy to cut and paste
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available on the internet and students have to sign a plagiarism form to say
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that the work they are handing in is all their own and that they acknowledge any sources they have used.
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There is usually a deadline.
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After the essay is submitted it will be assessed and usually you can get feedback.
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C. Aspects of higher academic study.
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University academics carry out research and are expected to read academic journals which publish papers or articles on specialized subjects.
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If a library does not have a copy of a book or journal, you may be able to access it online or you can usually get it through an interlibrary loan.
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Open educational resources are particularly convenient for many students.
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Academic study can be very demanding and some students drop out,
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but the majority survive till finals and become well qualified members of their future professions.
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Thank you.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 35 frasi e 397 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 2:36. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 153 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Solo il 80% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole meno comuni del video, con pronuncia e significato:
- essay /ˈɛs.eɪ/ (sostantivo) — saggio, ricerca. A written composition of moderate length, exploring a particular issue or subject.
- composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ (sostantivo) — composizione. The act of putting together; assembly.
- examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ (sostantivo) — esame, visita. The act of examining.
- topic /ˈtɑpɪk/ (sostantivo) — tema, categoria. A subject; a theme; a category or general area of interest.
- resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ (sostantivo) — risorsa. Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
- feedback /ˈfiːdˌbæk/ (sostantivo) — valutazione, riscontro. Critical assessment of a process or activity or of their results.
- submit /səbˈmɪt/ (verbo) — sottomettersi. To yield or give way to another.
- emphasis /ˈɛmfəsɪs/ (sostantivo) — enfasi. Special weight or forcefulness given to something considered important.
- acknowledge /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ (verbo) — riconoscere, ammettere. To admit the knowledge of; to recognize as a fact or truth; to declare one's belief in.
- convenient /kənˈviː.niənt/ (aggettivo) — conveniente, comodo. Serving to reduce a difficulty, or accessible with minimum difficulty; expedient.
- portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/ (sostantivo) — cartella. A case for carrying papers, drawings, photographs, maps and other flat documents.
- deadline /ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/ (sostantivo) — scadenza, termine. A time limit in the form of a date on or before which something must be completed.
- publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ (verbo) — pubblicare. To issue (something, such as printed work) for distribution and/or sale.
- assess /əˈsɛs/ (verbo) — valutare, stimare. To determine, estimate or judge the value of; to evaluate; to estimate.
- thesis /ˈθisɪs/ (sostantivo) — tesi, tema. A proposition or statement supported by arguments.
I phrasal verb che sentirai
- carry out /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ (verbo) — compiere, realizzare. To hold while moving it out.
- hand in (verbo) — riconsegnare. To give something to a responsible person.
- look at (verbo) — guardare. To observe or watch.
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/, profession /pɹəˈfɛʃ.ən/, publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/, examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/, plagiarism /ˈpleɪd͡ʒəɹɪzəm/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come essay, composition, examination.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.