シャドーイング練習: Alphabet CFO Ruth Porat on The David Rubenstein Show - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

練習モードを選ぶ

各モードは全画面の練習ルームで開きます。

365 文

文が短すぎたり長すぎる場合は、Editをタップして調整してください。

This is my kitchen table and also my filing system.

これは私のキッチンテーブルであり、同時に私のファイリングシステムでもあります。

Over much of the past three decades, I've been an investor.

過去30年の大半にわたり、私は投資家として活動してきました。

The highest calling of mankind I've often thought was private equity.

私は常々、人類の最高の使命はプライベートエクイティであると考えてきた。

And then I started interviewing.

それから私は面接を受け始めました。

While I watch your interviews, I know how to do some interviews.

あなたのインタビューを見ていると、私もインタビューのやり方がわかってきます。

I've learned in doing my interviews how leaders make it to the top.

インタビューを重ねる中で、リーダーたちがどうやってトップに上り詰めるのかを学んできました。

I asked him how much he wanted.

私は彼にいくら欲しいのか尋ねた。

He said $250.

彼は250ドルだと言った。

I said fine.

大丈夫だって言っただろ。

I didn't negotiate with him.

私は彼と交渉しませんでした。

I did no due diligence.

私はデューデリジェンスを行いませんでした。

I have something I'd like to sell and how they stay there.

売りたいものがあるのですが、それらがそこにどう留まっているのかという点についてです。

You don't feel inadequate now because being only the second wealthiest man in the world, is that right?

今、世界で2番目に裕福な男だからって、引け目を感じているわけじゃないよね？

In recent years, one of the most powerful people in the financial and technology worlds has been Ruth Peratt.

近年、金融界とテクノロジー界で最も影響力のある人物の一人にルース・ペラットがいる。

She served as chief financial officer for Morgan Stanley and then as Chief Financial Officer for Google and Alphabet.

彼女はモルガン・スタンレーの最高財務責任者を務めた後、グーグルおよびアルファベットの最高財務責任者を務めました。

She now serves as President and Chief Investment Officer for Alphabet.

彼女は現在、Alphabetの社長兼最高投資責任者を務めている。

I sat down with her recently in Davos to talk about what she's going to do in her new position

先日、ダボスで彼女と座談会を行い、新しいポジションで何をしていくのかについて話を聞きました。

and how she's going to invest more than $100 billion that Alphabet now has.

そして、彼女がアルファベットが現在保有する1000億ドル超の資金をどのように投資していくのか、ということだ。

So we're very pleased to have Ruth Barrett here.

それでは、ルース・バレットをここにお迎えできることを大変嬉しく思います。

Ruth, as you may know, has recently been promoted.

ルースは、ご存じかもしれませんが、最近昇進しました。

She, for almost the last decade, has been the CFO of Google and Alphabet.

彼女はここほぼ10年間、GoogleとAlphabetのCFOを務めてきた。

And now she still has that title, but she's now also the president and chief investment officer for Alphabet.

そして現在も彼女はその肩書きを持っていますが、Alphabetの社長兼最高投資責任者も務めています。

Is that right?

そうですか？

I am, and it's great to be here with you.

はい、そしてこうして皆さんと一緒にいられることを嬉しく思います。

So you have three jobs, CFO, president.

つまり、CFOと社長、という3つの役職を兼任しているということですね。

Do you get three salaries for that?

それで給料が3つ分もらえるんですか？

I think I'm doing okay.

まあまあ順調だと思います。

Okay.

わかりました。

So everybody wants to talk to you here because you've got a lot of money.

ここではみんながあなたと話したがっています。あなたが大金を持っているからです。

You've got over a hundred billion dollars of cash to invest so people want to see you

投資できる現金が1000億ドルを超えているのだから、みんなあなたに会いたがっているんです。

Why do you come to Davos because people are just going to be bombarding you give me money for this or that?

なぜダボスに来るのですか？みんながこれやあれのために金をくれとばかり、あなたに殺到するだけなのに。

Is it really worth the effort to schlep all the way here?

わざわざここまで来る手間をかける価値が本当にあるの？

Or are you happy to come here and you actually meet people you actually want to see?

それとも、ここに来て実際に会いたい人に会えることに満足していますか？

Well, I've actually been coming here since I ran tech banking at Morgan Stanley back in the 90s

実は私、90年代にモルガン・スタンレーでテクノロジーバンキングを担当していた頃から、ここに通っているんですよ。

and was hunting for fees And

そして報酬を目当てに探し回っていた、そして

so I think it's sort of become one -stop shopping you make the trip

だから、わざわざ足を運べば、ワンストップで買い物ができるようになったと思うんですよね。

and then you get to see people from Asia

それからアジアの人たちを見ることができます。

and Africa Middle East Europe it's so it's just

そしてアフリカ、中東、ヨーロッパ、ただそれだけのことです。

that one -stop shop let's talk about your background now

そのワンストップショップについてですね。では、これからあなたの経歴についてお伺いします。

that you mentioned it where did you grow up I grew

そういえば、どこで育ったの？私は

up I was born in England mostly grew up in California California your father was a professor at Stanford

私はイギリスで生まれ、主にカリフォルニアで育ちました。カリフォルニアですか。お父様はスタンフォード大学の教授でしたか。

or something like that my father actually was a Holocaust refugee

そういう感じで、実は父はホロコーストの難民だったんです。

so my father escaped from Vienna right after Kristallnacht

それで父はクリスタルナハトの直後にウィーンから脱出しました。

and made it to Palestine he no high school education he

そしてパレスチナにたどり着いた彼は、高校の教育を受けていなかった。

ended up enrolling in the British Army fought in the Battle of El Eman

結局イギリス陸軍に入隊し、エル・エマンの戦いで戦った。

and in the army taught himself physics because he figured

そして軍隊では、自分には必要だと考えて物理学を独学で学んだ。

if he survived he needed something that somebody valued after the war

もし彼が生き残ったとしたら、戦後に誰かが価値を認める何かが必要だったはずだ。

that actually that worked that plan worked he ended up getting to England where I was born

実際その計画はうまくいって、彼は結局私の生まれたイギリスにたどり着いたんだ。

and then eventually got to the United States who sponsored by Senator Kennedy

その後最終的にケネディ上院議員の支援でアメリカ合衆国にたどり着きました。

so he spent his whole career at Harvard and then at Stanford

そのため彼はキャリア全体をハーバード大学、そして後にスタンフォード大学で過ごしました。

so I mostly grew up in California California okay

だから、私は主にカリフォルニアで育ったんだ。カリフォルニアだよ。

so you're in here in Stanford for a nice area Silicon

つまりあなたはスタンフォードにいて、シリコンバレーという良いエリアにいるということですね。

Valley why would you want to go to a business school

バレー、なんでビジネススクールに行きたいの？

at Wharton why did you go across the country to go to business school

ウォートン校では、なぜわざわざ国を越えてビジネススクールに通おうと思ったのですか？

and why did you want to go to business school to

それから、なぜビジネススクールに行きたかったのですか？

begin with why not be a physicist like your father well I loved Wharton

「お父さんみたいに物理学者になろうとは思わなかったの？」というところから始めよう。それが、私はウォートンが大好きだったからだ。

so I'm not gonna not gonna give you

だから、絶対にあげないってわけじゃないよ。

that you know I thought I was gonna end up being

私が最終的にそうなると思っていたって、あなたが知っているそのこと

from first of all I got I got married my husband was a lawyer on Wall Street

まず最初に、私は結婚しました。夫はウォール街の弁護士でした。

so I was commuting but I thought

通勤中だったんだけど、ふと思ったんだ。

that I would go into investment I thought I'd go into consulting and then And I took this amazing mergers accounting class,

投資の道に進むとは思っていませんでした。コンサルティングの道に進もうと考えていたんです。それから、素晴らしい合併会計の授業を受けました。

kind of geeky, and decided I was going to go into mergers and acquisitions, so ended up on the East Coast.

ちょっとオタク気質なところもあって、企業買収・合併の道に進もうと決めたので、結局は東海岸に落ち着いたんだ。

Okay, so you ultimately became the CFO of Morgan Stanley.

それでは、最終的にモルガン・スタンレーのCFOになられたということですね。

Right.

その通りです。

And many people thought you might go in the government someday, and you actually could have been the CEO of Morgan Stanley.

そして、いつかあなたが政府に入るのではないかと多くの人が考えていましたし、実際にモルガン・スタンレーのCEOになることもできたはずでした。

Why would you leave the important world of finance for something less significant like technology?

なぜ重要な金融の世界を離れて、テクノロジーのようなそれほど重要ではない分野に行こうと思ったのですか？

Why would you do that?

どうしてそんなことをしたんですか？

You know, kind of right time, right place.

つまり、いわゆる「良い時に、良い場所にいた」ってことだよ。

It's like when I was the CFO of Morgan Stanley, I started in that position January 1st, 2010, when James Gorman took over as CEO.

モルガン・スタンレーのCFOを務めていた時のことですが、私がそのポジションに就いたのは2010年1月1日、ジェームズ・ゴーマンがCEOに就任したタイミングでした。

And I think he's an all -star CEO.

そして、彼はまさにオールスター級のCEOだと私は思っています。

Absolutely amazing.

本当に素晴らしい。

Great partner.

最高のパートナーです。

And when we started, it was 2010, so after the financial crisis, but Morgan Stanley was still very challenged.

私たちが始めたのは2010年、金融危機の直後のことでしたが、モルガン・スタンレーはまだ非常に苦戦していました。

You know, Moody's was going to downgrade the bank at one point.

ご存知の通り、ムーディーズは一時期、その銀行の格付けを引き下げる予定でした。

It was kind of shaky.

ちょっとグラグラしてた。

And I think that he and we together, the team, led this extraordinary kind of recovery.

そして私は、彼と私たち、つまりチームが一丸となって、この驚異的な回復を導いたのだと考えています。

And it got to the point 2015 where I was ready for the next chapter and I got this call

そして2015年、次のステップに進む準備が整ったとき、この電話がかかってきたんです。

Google it seemed okay, so all right made

グーグルで調べたら大丈夫そうだったので、よし作ってみた

that move where we get the Google You were at Morgan Stanley

グーグルに行くっていう話、モルガン・スタンレーにいた時のことだよね。

when the great meltdown the great financial crisis of 07 08 occurred

2007年から2008年にかけての大規模な金融危機、いわゆるグレート・メルトダウンが発生したとき。

And it is said that it you know people thought

そして、人々はそう考えていたと言われています。

that Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs and everybody else was going to go under

モルガン・スタンレーやゴールドマン・サックス、その他の全ての企業が破綻するだろうということだった。

Were you living through that and did you actually think Morgan Stanley was going to make it at that time?

当時、あなたはその状況を目の当たりにしていたわけですが、本当にモルガン・スタンレーが生き残れると思っていたのですか？

there were days I did not it was bad

そうでなかった日もあった、それは最悪だった。

so I was running financial institutions banking at the time

当時、私は金融機関のバンキング業務を担当していました。

and probably the most meaningful part of my career was

そしておそらく私のキャリアの中で最も意義深かったのは

when Hank Paulson called and said I need advice I need some bankers here

ハンク・ポールソンが電話をかけてきて、助言が必要だ、ここに銀行家たちが必要だと言ったときのことだ。

and so I went and led a team that worked on Fannie Freddie

それで私はFannie Freddieに関わる業務を担当するチームを率いることになりました。

and then AIG and those were very very challenging days

そしてAIG、あの頃は本当に非常に困難な日々でした。

and coming out of it at the bed you know we did Fannie Freddie and then we did AIG, put them into conservatorship and I got to Morgan Stanley,

そしてその対応の結果、ご存知の通り、我々はファニーメイとフレディマック、それからAIGを公的管理下に置き、その後モルガン・スタンレーのところに行きました。

John Mack was CEO at the time and he said okay you're in charge of liquidity, figure out liquidity.

当時のCEOはジョン・マックで、彼は「よし、流動性の責任者は君だ。流動性の問題を解決しろ」と言った。

And of course days before what very much was running out of liquidity there was no way to get liquidity.

そしてもちろん、流動性がひっ迫するずっと前から、流動性を確保する手段はなかった。

In fact one day we were trying to figure out what to do

実際、ある日私たちは何をすべきか考えあぐねていました。

and I was on the trading floor and I'm like can we maybe sell the chairs, they were Herman Miller chairs.

I thought that might be a solution.

それが解決策になるかもしれないと思った。

That was supposed to be funny but it was actually really scary at the time

それは面白いはずだったんだけど、当時は本当に怖かった。

and so no it was hard but we did this whole series of different teams

だから、大変ではあったけれど、私たちはさまざまなチームでこの一連の作業をやり遂げたんです。

and it worked you know MUFG came in they were an incredible partner the government came

そしてうまくいったんです。MUFGが参入してくれて、彼らは本当に素晴らしいパートナーでした。政府も動いてくれました。

and we became a Fed regulated bank but there were some very scary times

そして我々はFRBの規制を受ける銀行になりましたが、非常に恐ろしい時期もありました。

100

and a lot of important lessons okay so you got

そして多くの重要な教訓、わかりました、つまりあなたは得たのですね

101

that deal done then presumably some headhunter called you up

その取引が成立した後、おそらくどこかのヘッドハンターから連絡があったんでしょう。

102

and said you should be the CFO of Google

そして、あなたはグーグルのCFOになるべきだと言った。

103

and did you how did you tell John Mac or James Gorman

それで、ジョン・マックかジェームズ・ゴーマンにはどうやって伝えたんですか？

104

and you were going to leave to be the CFO of a tech company.

そしてあなたは、ある技術系企業のCFOになるために退社する予定だったんですよね。

105

Was that easy to do?

106

So, 2015, Morgan Stanley was in a really good spot.

107

I happened to be with Bill Campbell, an iconic leader in Silicon Valley.

108

He's been written about as the trillion -dollar coach.

109

He coached Steve Jobs, Larry, Sergey, Sundar, Eric, so it's a privilege to sit with him.

110

And at the time, I said, you know, I'm ready for the next chapter, but the one thing I'm not going to do is be CFO again.

111

We spent two hours in his living room, And at the end, he said, okay, I heard you clearly, not CFO.

112

And I said, exactly.

113

And he said, okay, so the best, I've got the best idea for you, CFO of Google.

114

And, of course, I immediately said, well, I hadn't thought of that one.

115

That one is interesting.

116

But did you tell him this would mean you wouldn't be

117

able to work with private equity people as closely as you had been?

118

You know, sometimes hardship in life is worthwhile.

119

Are we going to have driverless cars in our lifetime?

120

You can actually hail a Waymo in San Francisco, hop in it and get where you want to go, it's pretty remarkable.

121

So what's it like moving from the East Coast, where everything is finance and money, to the West Coast, where everything is technology?

122

Did you fit in right away

123

and did you really know how to use all the computer things that they give you to use?

124

So it was pretty fun.

125

There were plenty of times where I would sit around in meetings and literally I would be Googling terms.

126

And at one meeting, Larry Page actually caught me Googling terms.

127

And he kind of pointed that out to other people in the room, which was a little embarrassing, but I figured there were some things that I could do that they couldn't do.

128

And so it was a learning curve.

129

And my dad always, he taught me at a young age a term that I've used constantly with my teams.

130

He said, in his lab at Stanford, if a physicist could not define a quark in under 30 seconds, they didn't know what they were talking about.

131

And so I use the quark test all the time.

132

If somebody's rambling on and on and they can't get to the point they probably don't know what they're talking about, they fail the quark test.

133

My finance team knows this quark test.

134

And at Google, I'm working with amazing computer scientists, so they never fail the quark test.

135

They can explain things really clearly, which shoots you up the learning curve.

136

But did you understand what they were talking about from the beginning, or did you have a special tutor that's taught you technology?

137

I had actually run tech banking and took Google Publix.

138

I had a little sneak preview.

139

So today, for people who are not experts on Google and Google search, Larry Page really developed the Page system, I guess it was called.

140

And it was unique, but when he came to get the initial money in Silicon Valley, people said, well, there's plenty of search engines out here.

141

There are like 12 or 13 search engine companies and

142

so people didn't think it was anything so unique what turned out to be

143

so unique about the page system

144

that it made Google such a powerful company I actually remember those days

145

because I was one of the people who said why do

146

we need it was actually the 8th search engine why do you need the 8th search engine

147

and I was at Morgan Stanley at the time

148

and 1998 running banking

149

and our research analyst Mary Meeker an iconic analyst got pulled her team together

150

and said you know what let's do a test let's look at all the search engines let's do queries

151

and see speed and relevance of response

152

and I think she may have started with

153

that eight search engine question as well but it quickly rose to the top and

154

that has been the ethos all along we still to this

155

day have more than a hundred product innovations every quarter the whole idea is continue

156

challenging ourselves about how to make the product better more relevant faster

157

and what's extraordinary sitting where we are today is how searches evolved

158

so back then it was 10 blue links whoever's old enough

159

in this room to remember 10 blue links that's what it was and then it went to

160

image search voice search and now multimodal search

161

if i want your tie i can take a picture of your tie

162

and then i could just i can lens it

163

and i can find a place to buy your tie

164

so this whole evolution of search just keeps extending the runway for search

165

so it's very different obviously today than it was

166

so let's suppose i do a google search on something maybe i shouldn't be doing a google search on

167

or something not that you ever do i wouldn't do that

168

but i just theoretically um can somebody from google an officer like you look up what i've searched

169

no you cannot absolutely adequately protected right protected even if the government comes along We do not look at what you search.

170

You can go into incognito mode, but we do not look at what you search.

171

Okay.

172

So the company for a long time was called Google, and Google used to be spelled differently.

173

Why did they spell Google that way as opposed to the way it was originally spelled, which was E -L?

174

Did they not know that it was spelled differently?

175

Well, there are a couple of stories around this.

176

So one of the stories that I think is true

177

and fun is that one of the early venture checks actually wrote it

178

that way so they went with it okay

179

so why did Google was a brand name that's working very well companies making a lot of money

180

and so forth but why did you need to go to Alphabet and who came up with that name

181

Larry and Sergey had a vision about kind of the next iteration

182

and there were a lot of different things

183

that they were investing in the whole spirit of

184

which is you want to make sure you're investing for long term investing for the future And in the earliest days, what they did is they created something called X.

185

It was the moonshot factory within Google, Google X.

186

And it gave birth to things like Gmail.

187

It was really relevant for all of the type of innovation that came out of Google.

188

And by 2015, their view was, we want to be able to avoid distraction on Google, let Google do what it's going to do,

189

and create another set of businesses that the founders could focus on and really nurture growth outside of it.

190

And so the word, as you would know better than anyone, is alphabets.

191

And so you put the two together, and that was the goal.

192

So it used to be when Google started, you had what was called 20 % time.

193

Right.

194

So for 20 % of your time, you could do whatever you wanted.

195

Theoretically, it might be helpful to the company, but it wasn't supposed to be necessarily.

196

So do you still have 20 % time, or did they go away?

197

Well, it was actually a little more structured than that.

198

The goal was if you had some great engineering idea and you wanted to launch a new product, you could do it in one of two ways you could leave, or you could be told, you know what, in 20 % of your time,

199

why don't you go experiment with this and see if you can grow it.

200

So rather than having great ideas constantly leaving, the view was, let's nurture the talent, let's give people these growth opportunities, let's give it a go.

201

And so that's what the 20 % time was.

202

Did any 20 % time product ever get to the market?

203

Well, Gmail is not an inconsequential.

204

Billions of users.

205

Google Brain came out of that.

206

It's our core part of our ai business

207

and then we've continued to evolve it

208

so it moved over to become um x waymo came out of it

209

so there's quite quite a bit and quite a bit of features

210

and applications speaking waymo are we going to have driverless cars

211

in our lifetime well i welcome everybody to come to san francisco

212

because you can actually hail a waymo in san francisco hop in it

213

and get where you want to go and it's pretty remarkable have you done that absolutely really it's safe

214

it's so safe that the most fascinating part is within about 15 seconds people are bored

215

because it's so safe they're like they realize you know what you don't need a helmet

216

or anything not get safe right you need a helmet with many drivers on the road

217

you have a challenge that many people would like to have

218

but they don't have which is you've got over 100 billion dollars of cash

219

and so are you going to invest that in private equity firms

220

or are you going to do new technology what are you

221

going to do with 100 billion dollars more than 100 billion dollars of cash

222

and um you know have you thought about

223

that you have people coming up to you all the time with great ideas for

224

that cash uh we do as you would imagine

225

so look we're continuing to invest in the business there's a lot of extraordinary upside in the business

226

and then we do make investments and acquisitions and

227

so do all of our peers there's a lot that's exciting going on in the world

228

and so we're looking across the board starts within the business then it goes to investments

229

and acquisitions then obviously return of capital through a not inconsequential share repurchase program Let's talk about artificial intelligence.

230

Artificial intelligence has gotten a lot of publicity in the last year or so.

231

And OpenAI has gotten an enormous amount of it.

232

And they have an affiliation with another technology company.

233

I can't remember the name of it.

234

I've heard that.

235

Another one.

236

But do you have your own kind of OpenAI company, or do you do it all internally?

237

And what do you do to compete with OpenAI and this other technology company?

238

So we've been infusing product at Google with AI for more than a decade.

239

In fact, billions of people today are benefiting from AI across our products.

240

It's benefiting what you see in search, in maps, in commerce, in YouTube.

241

You know, I just mentioned multimodal search, the ability to search with your camera.

242

When you search for your kids in photos, that's AI.

243

AI.

244

So AI has continued to be a way to enhance what the product experience is, and we've done that historically through two groups within Google.

245

One, Google Brain, I already mentioned, and the other is DeepMind, an extraordinary acquisition back many years ago, led by an extraordinary entrepreneur, Demis Asadis.

246

And we've put the two together last year, which has been really exciting.

247

And so we are building on that foundation

248

that has been an experience for the last decade what's the

249

excitement of working in technology in silicon valley is it even more exciting than working in finance

250

or not quite as exciting

251

but okay it's hard to believe it's more exciting i mean

252

we're living in the most extraordinary time with ai bill gates just said

253

that completely agree engineers who've been at google since inception are saying

254

that this is the most exciting time in computer science in our lifetime

255

which always strikes me as profound because Google's done okay and

256

and and what's extraordinary about it really goes to building on this decade of innovative work in AI and

257

so where are we now we're at the we're what we're

258

doing is we're addressing some of the most profound social challenges with AI in ways

259

that are transformative so to give you an example of examples I think

260

that one of the extraordinary places for all of us

261

and we've heard a lot about it here over lunch is health care

262

and part of the reason is it's the ability with ai to aggregate

263

so much data that you can actually have a level of diagnosis

264

that is better than what specialists can do

265

so one example breast cancer back in 2015 google had a

266

breakthrough in detection early detection of metastatic breast cancer one in seven women will be diagnosed with breast cancer.

267

I was one of those.

268

I've had breast cancer twice.

269

So when I heard about this, I did the only rational thing.

270

I called my oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering, and I said, is this really as important as I hope?

271

And he said, unequivocally, because only with AI can we democratize health care.

272

It's the only way that oncologists everywhere, radiologists everywhere, all of the medical profession has the ability to leverage the insight

273

that AI will give you through scans reviewing a million scans

274

we're doing the same in other forms of cancer we're doing

275

it with something called diabetic retinopathy blindness caused through diabetes which can be prevented if diagnosed early enough and

276

so I think that

277

when you look at the impact of it this is what

278

motivates our engineers we're seeing in healthcare we're seeing an education

279

we're seeing with food scarcity you can improve crop yields by looking at pest issues in informing we're looking at

280

so many different ways

281

that AI can make a difference on the most profound issues one last one

282

because it's you asked am I excited about it yes it's better than even finance climate change you know SOS

283

or crisis alerts extraordinary we've seen the impact of buyers

284

and flooding 250 million people a year affected by flooding

285

but with AI we can predict

286

and are with seven days notice where the water flows will be to get people out of harm's way.

287

So this is not science fiction, this is here today.

288

On climate change, to be realistic about it, is there things that you think that AI can really make us more readily make us able to solve climate change?

289

Is that your point?

290

You think we can?

291

Well, there's both adaptation and mitigation.

292

So around climate change, we have a whole other set of efforts going on

293

so for example one of the major sources of emissions is

294

what you see right out the window here start stop from cars we have something called project green light

295

which streamlines that so you don't have the start stops we have something else

296

that looks at planes major source of carbon footprint our contrails

297

what many of us think are the beautiful white plumes off the back you can adjust flight patterns

298

and reduce carbon footprint so the short answer is yes

299

and it's happening today it's not a hope for science fiction

300

you've been public about your breast cancer you've talked about it written about it

301

and so forth why did you go public about it many women say they don't want it to be known

302

that they might have breast cancer maybe that's right or wrong

303

but why were you so willing to be public about it it is a really personal thing

304

when i was first diagnosed i didn't want to talk about

305

it i was at a bank one of few women you know i was bald

306

and it's like it's not what you want to talk about

307

but I got to the point where I realized in this day

308

and age if you get the right care actually these diseases are manageable

309

and the scariest part is not knowing and

310

so to me it was important to actually make it clear this is manageable you can get through it

311

and to actually be a resource for people

312

so for many women you're a role model you have a successful career in finance

313

and technology you were on your first husband right yeah yeah

314

and hanging on hanging on right so and you have three kids and

315

so you've done it all you've had it all you you're

316

you're you know have a successful career successful marriage three healthy happy kids can you tell us something

317

that doesn't make us so feel jealous about you

318

because you're I mean here you know everybody can't be as good as you

319

so make us feel that everything isn't perfect for you leaving aside the breast cancer so

320

that everybody else doesn't feel like they're not gonna be able

321

to live up to your standards oh man look I think

322

that one of the most important lessons I learned early in

323

my career you know as a woman in banking there weren't

324

many of us it wasn't the easiest environment there were a

325

lot of men I've now gently decided to call blockheads but you know they were worse and blockheads.

326

And they made it difficult.

327

And you learn to be resilient.

328

The one thing is I was going to outlast them.

329

And that would be the joy that came from it.

330

And fortunately there were obviously a lot of extraordinary men at Morgan Stanley.

331

There weren't enough senior women in the day and there are more now.

332

And so I learned to chart my career.

333

I went to people who would take a risk on me.

334

And I said, what's my highest and best use

335

and they opened doors that I didn't know existed

336

and to me that's the most important is those hard days

337

bad lessons I just chalk them up to being lessons

338

so I don't actually record them so what do you do

339

when you're not working on technology being a wife being a

340

mother you have a tennis player you're a golfer what do

341

you do for relaxation to the extent you have time for relaxation

342

well I kind of merge things I know there's nothing more

343

joyful to me than going on hikes with my kids

344

or bike rides with my kids um and

345

so it's you know it's a lot of

346

that are your parents alive now they are not

347

and did they live to see your success uh before they passed away they did my mom actually

348

when i was a young kid said she was a psychologist

349

and she said what's really important for women is have your own identity

350

and a career outside of the home she told me that

351

when i was eight my little sister was six for some

352

reason she thought that's the time you need to send

353

that message so i'm grateful to her for

354

that message your father did he ever say this is better

355

than being a physicist what you're doing my dad was pretty remarkable you know the tail end of

356

that story about his journey from no high school education to a phd

357

and a career at stanford is he said education is your passport for freedom

358

and so the only point he impressed on us over

359

and over was really focus on education keep opening doors

360

and take risks

361

if he didn't take the risk he took to get himself

362

out of Austria to teach himself physics he wouldn't have made it

363

and he was so grateful to get to the United States

364

so if there's anything else it was that the life

365

that he never expected he would have and then to have a family.

アプリをダウンロード

流暢に話すために必要なすべて

AI発音採点文ごとに採点

IPA練習すべての音をマスター

単語学習自分の単語帳を作る

単語ゲーム遊びながら覚える

QRをスキャン

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

FOR YOU

このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Alphabet CFO Ruth Porat on The David Rubenstein Show」を教材にしています。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が365文、単語が4538語あります。音声の長さは23:55です。話す速さは速く、1分あたり約190語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
quark 名詞	/kwɑɹk/	クォーク
liquidity 名詞	/lɪkˈwɪdəti/	流動性
silicon 名詞	/ˈsɪləˌkɑn/	ケイ素, 珪素
diagnose 動詞	/ˈdaɪ.əɡˌnoʊs/	診断する
physicist 名詞	/ˈfɪzɪsɪst/	物理学者
blockhead 名詞		木偶の坊, 薄鈍
nurture 名詞	/ˈnɜːɹ.t͡ʃəɹ/	育成
footprint 名詞	/ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/	足跡
theoretically 副詞		理論上
relaxation 名詞	/rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/	寛ぎ, 息抜き
hail 名詞	/heɪl/	霰, 雹
merger 名詞	/ˈmɜː.d͡ʒə/	合併, 統合
helmet 名詞	/ˈhɛlmɪt/	ヘルメット, 兜
curve 名詞	/kɚv/	曲線
blindness 名詞	/ˈblaɪndnəs/	盲目, 盲

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	発音	意味
go away 動詞		去る, 出る
grow up 動詞		成長する, 大人に成る
look up 動詞	/ˌlʊk ˈʌp/	見上げる
pass away 動詞		逝く, 亡くなる
take over 動詞		引き受ける

繰り返し練習したい文

動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。

I didn't negotiate with him.
Do you get three salaries for that?
I think I'm doing okay.
Why would you do that?
Are we going to have driverless cars in our lifetime?

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了進行形 have/has been + -ing — 以前に始まり今も続いている動作	I've actually been coming · we've been infusing
「used to」 used to + 動詞 — 今はもう違う過去の習慣や状態	used to be
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	I've been · I've often thought · I've learned
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	been promoted · was born · is said

注意したい発音

話し手はwe're, I've, you'reなど、短縮形や弱形を94回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「th」の音: worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/
「sh」と「zh」の音: inconsequential /ɪnˌkɑnsəˈkwɛnʃəl/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/, detection /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/, hardship /ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/, affiliation /əˌfɪliˈeɪʃən/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: liquidity /lɪkˈwɪdəti/, inconsequential /ɪnˌkɑnsəˈkwɛnʃəl/, manageable /ˈmænəd͡ʒəb(ə)l/, democratize /dɪˈmɑkɹətaɪz/, incognito /ˌɪnkɒɡˈniːtoʊ/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/, enroll /ɪnˈɹəʊl/, golfer /ˈɡɒlfə(ɹ)/, worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, relevance /ˈɹɛl.ɪ.vən(t)s/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: evolve /ɪˈvɑlv/, curve /kɚv/, relevance /ˈɹɛl.ɪ.vən(t)s/, leverage /ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/, preview /ˈpɹiːvjuː/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: physicist /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/, profound /pɹəˈfaʊnd/, footprint /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, golfer /ˈɡɒlfə(ɹ)/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。quark, liquidity, siliconなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Alphabet CFO Ruth Porat on The David Rubenstein Show - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

練習モードを選ぶ

アプリをダウンロード

おすすめ動画

Watch CNBC's full interview with Berkshire Hathaway Chair Warren Buffett

View From The Top with Roelof Botha, Managing Partner of Sequoia Capital

The Business of Design—and the Design of the Future

I MADE $15B WITH CHAT GPT

Leading with Courage in an Age of Uncertainty

Billion-Dollar Beauty: A Conversation With Hailey Bieber and Lauren Ratner

"Customer Obsession" Leadership Principle Explained by Amazon CEO Andy Jassy

Exclusive Interview: Jeffrey Sachs on China’s Global Role: Growth, Balance, and Cooperation

Daniel Ek: Life After Spotify, Broken Healthcare Incentives, Catching Disease Early & AI's Potential

Deborah Meaden Shares Her Highlights from 20 Years on Dragons' Den | Lorraine

Unforgettable Calls Vol. 1 | Dave Ramsey's Greatest Hits

Bill Ackman: Is Permanent Capital an Investor’s Biggest Edge? | Podcast | In Good Company