シャドーイング練習: Are exams necessary? – B1 English Listening Test - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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32 文
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1
It's been five years since I sat my university finals, and I still have nightmares about turning over a test paper and not knowing the answers.
2
It was the most stressful experience of my life.
3
After that, I promised I'd never do an exam again.
4
And I haven't.
5
I'll admit that passing those exams helped me land a decent job, but I have never needed to use any of the information I learned while working here.
6
Employers seem to think
7
that by hiring someone with a high level qualification they are getting a better worker but that's not strictly true either.
8
Some people at my workplace have amazing grades in their postgraduate qualifications
9
but they are no better at their job than anyone else.
10
Actually some of them are awful to work with.
11
People can be trained to do most jobs and the skills you need like having good people skills
12
of being creative and being able to respond effectively to different situations just can't be tested in exams.
13
When I was in school, I was always at the top of the class and aced my exams.
14
My teachers loved me and my classmates' parents wished their kids were more like me.
15
My classmates hated me, of course, but that didn't bother me, to be honest.
16
Doing well in exams gave me confidence and a sense of pride, although I confess I also felt I was better than everyone else, which I now realize is not true.
17
I simply have a better aptitude for that way of learning, I suppose.
18
Now I work with people whose grades aren't even close to mine, and they do better than me in the office.
19
You would think that would make me upset, but that's not true.
20
Although I haven't seen any real financial benefit from taking exams, they have made me a disciplined person who values knowledge,
21
and I still take them now for the hobbies I do in my spare time.
22
I think they are a valuable way to reflect on my progress and how well I'm doing.
23
Many people think that exams don't test anything except your ability to take exams, you know, how well you can memorise and recall information.
24
They think that students would learn better by doing projects based on their own interests, where what they learn isn't limited by an exam syllabus.
25
Well, that method might work for a few people.
26
But in my view, most people don't have enough motivation whereas an exam serves as a clear objective for students.
27
Plus, I personally think exams test all sorts of skills besides just your ability to remember stuff like your thought processes,
28
analytical ability, logic, intelligence and your application of knowledge.
29
Honestly, I wouldn't want anyone in a powerful position of responsibility who hadn't proved they had those skills.
30
So in that sense, exams are essential.
31
Of course, the design of the paper is critical.
32
A multiple choice paper isn't going to test those sorts of things.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Are exams necessary? – B1 English Listening Test」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：exam, skills, test, ability, paper。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が32文、単語が500語あります。 音声の長さは3:04です。 話す速さは1分あたり約163語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は80%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
examination 名詞/ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/診察, 検査
classmate 名詞/ˈklæs.meɪt/同級生, 級友
qualification 名詞/ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/資格
aptitude 名詞/ˈæptɪˌtud/才能, 素質
memorize 動詞/ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/記憶する, 覚える
postgraduate 名詞/ˌpəʊstˈɡɹædju.ət/院生, 研究生
syllabus 名詞/ˈsɪləbəs/シラバス, 教案
confess 動詞/kənˈfɛs/認める, 自白する
hobby 名詞/ˈhɑ.bi/趣味
workplace 名詞/ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/職場, 仕事場
ace 名詞/ˈeɪ̯s/エース
nightmare 名詞/ˈnaɪt.mɛɚ/悪夢
motivation 名詞/ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/動機, モチベーション
employer 名詞/ɪmˈplɔɪə/雇用者
discipline 名詞/ˈdɪsəplɪn/規律

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語意味
turn over 動詞裏返す, ひっくり返す

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているIt's been · have never needed · haven't seen
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるcan be trained · can't be tested
比較級 -er than / more … than — 二つのものを比べるbetter than
現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていることare getting · I'm doing

注意したい発音

話し手はdon't, haven't, isn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を14回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/
  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, postgraduate /ˌpəʊstˈɡɹædju.ət/, analytical /ˌæn.əˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, strictly /ˈstɹɪktli/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, confess /kənˈfɛs/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/
  • 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: classmate /ˈklæs.meɪt/, qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, postgraduate /ˌpəʊstˈɡɹædju.ət/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, workplace /ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。examination, classmate, qualificationなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →