シャドーイング練習: Cleft Lip & Cleft Palate: Pediatrics - Alterations in Health | @LevelUpRN - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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1
Hi, I'm Cathy with Level Up RN. In this video, I will be discussing cleft lip and cleft palate. And at the end of the video, I'm going to give you guys a little quiz to test your knowledge of some of the key points I'll be covering. So definitely stay tuned for that. And if you have our Level Up RN pediatric nursing flashcards, go ahead and pull out your flashcards on cleft lip and cleft palate and follow along with me.
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Cleft lip is a birth defect characterized by incomplete formation of the lip. And cleft palate is where we have incomplete formation of the palate, which is the roof of the mouth.
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Some children are born with both cleft lip and cleft palate. Risk factors that make it more likely that a baby will develop cleft lip and/or cleft palate include smoking, gestational diabetes, the use of certain medications, and a lack of folate during pregnancy.
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In terms of signs and symptoms, a baby with cleft lip will have an opening in their upper lip, which will vary in size. It may be a small slit, or it may be a large opening into the nose.
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A baby with cleft palate will have an opening in part or all of their palate, which, again, is the roof of their mouth. Both of these conditions can be diagnosed with a prenatal ultrasound or with visual inspection of the oral cavity at birth. Treatment includes surgical repair.
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Cleft lip is typically repaired when the baby is between 3 and 5 months of age, and cleft palate is typically repaired a little later, such as when the baby is between 9 and 12 months of age.
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There are complications associated with cleft lip and/or cleft palate, such as feeding, hearing, speech, and dental issues. So as the nurse, you want to provide appropriate referrals to help manage these complications. You also want to provide important teaching on how to best feed a baby with cleft lip and/or cleft palate. For a baby with cleft lip who is bottle-fed, a bottle with a nipple that has a wide base is typically recommended. And then squeezing the baby's cheeks together during feeding can help with getting a good lip seal.
8
For a baby with cleft palate, you want to position the baby in an upright position and then a bottle that has a one-way flow valve and a specialty nipple that increases the flow of liquid is typically recommended. And then because babies with cleft palate often swallow a lot of air during feedings, it's important to burp the baby frequently when providing a feeding. After a baby has surgical repair of cleft lip or cleft palate, special precautions need to be taken to protect the operative site. So petroleum jelly should be used along the suture line in order to keep the area moist and to promote wound healing. Elbow immobilizers are typically used to prevent the baby from touching and damaging the operative site. And then pacifiers should be avoided, and feeding the baby with a syringe or dropper may be recommended because sucking, which makes the baby's mouth go like this, can disrupt the suture line.
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All right. It's quiz time, and I've got three questions for you.
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Question number 1, when feeding a baby with cleft lip, how can you improve their lip seal?
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The answer is you can squeeze their cheeks together during feeding.
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Question number 2, why are elbow immobilizers used after surgery to repair cleft lip or cleft palate?
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The answer is to prevent the baby from touching and damaging the operative site.
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Question number 3, the use of a pacifier is recommended after surgery to repair cleft lip or cleft palate, true or false? The answer is false because sucking can disrupt the suture line.
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All right. That is it for this video. I hope you found it to be helpful. Take care and good luck with studying. And then a bottle with a one-way flow valve and a specialty nipple.
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I invite you to subscribe to our channel and share a link with your classmates and friends in nursing school. If you found value in this video, be sure and hit the like button, and leave a comment and let us know what you found particularly helpful
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このC1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Cleft Lip & Cleft Palate: Pediatrics - Alterations in Health」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：cleft, lip, palate, baby, feeding。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が16文、単語が723語あります。 音声の長さは5:02です。 話す速さは1分あたり約144語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は72%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。 全16文のうち3文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| cleave 動詞 | /ˈkliːv/ | 割る |
| palate 名詞 | /ˈpæl.ət/ | 口蓋, 上顎 |
| nipple 名詞 | /ˈnɪp.əl/ | 乳首, 乳頭 |
| suture 名詞 | /ˈsu.t͡ʃɚ/ | 縫合, 縫い目 |
| flashcard 名詞 | /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/ | 教材用のカード, フラッシュカード |
| pacifier 名詞 | /ˈpæsɪfaɪɚ/ | おしゃぶり |
| quiz 名詞 | /kwɪz/ | クイズ |
| elbow 名詞 | /ˈɛlboʊ̯/ | 肘 |
| incomplete 形容詞 | /ɪn.kəmˈpliːt/ | 不完全, 未完 |
| specialty 名詞 | /ˈspɛʃ.əl.ti/ | 専門 |
| squeeze 動詞 | /skwiːz/ | 押す, 締め付ける |
| cheek 名詞 | /t͡ʃiːk/ | 頬, ほっぺた |
| classmate 名詞 | /ˈklæs.meɪt/ | 同級生, 級友 |
| diagnose 動詞 | /ˈdaɪ.əɡˌnoʊs/ | 診断する |
| precaution 名詞 | /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/ | 予防, 用心 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| go ahead 動詞 | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | どうぞお先に |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | are born · can be diagnosed · is typically repaired |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | palate, which is · lip, which will · sucking, which makes |
注意したい発音
話し手はI'm, I'll, I'veなど、短縮形や弱形を4回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: complication /ˌkɑm.pləˈkeɪ.ʃən/, flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, specialty /ˈspɛʃ.əl.ti/, precaution /pɹiːˈkɔ.ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: operative /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/, complication /ˌkɑm.pləˈkeɪ.ʃən/, characterize /ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/, pediatric /ˌpiːdiːˈætrɪk/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, ultrasound /ʌl.tɹə.saʊnd/, referral /ɹɪˈfɜː.ɹəl/, petroleum /pəˈtɹoʊliəm/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: cleave /ˈkliːv/, operative /ˈɑpəɹətɪv/, cavity /ˈkæv.ɪt.i/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, pacifier /ˈpæsɪfaɪɚ/, referral /ɹɪˈfɜː.ɹəl/, defect /ˈdiːfɛkt/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。cleave, palate, nippleなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。