シャドーイング練習: Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance | Angela Lee Duckworth | TED - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
C1
Reviewer Gopalco When I was 27 years old,
84 文
文が短すぎたり長すぎる場合は、Editをタップして調整してください。
1
Reviewer Gopalco When I was 27 years old,
2
I left a very demanding job in management consulting for a job that was even more demanding, teaching.
3
I went to teach seventh graders math in the New York City public schools.
4
And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests,
5
I gave out homework assignments.
6
When the work came back, I calculated grades.
7
What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and my worst students.
8
Some of my strongest performers did not have stratospheric IQ scores.
9
Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.
10
And that got me thinking.
11
The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh grade math,
12
sure, they're hard, ratios, decimals,
13
the area of a parallelogram,
14
but these concepts are not impossible.
15
And I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough.
16
After several more years of teaching,
17
I came to the conclusion
18
that what we need in education is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational perspective,
19
from a psychological perspective.
20
In education, the one thing we know how to measure best is IQ.
21
But what if doing well in school and in life depends on much more than your ability to learn quickly and easily?
22
So I left the classroom and I went to graduate school to become a psychologist.
23
I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings.
24
And in every study, my question was,
25
who is successful here and why?
26
My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy.
27
We tried to predict which cadets would stay in military training and which would drop out.
28
We went to the National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would advance farthest in competition.
29
We studied rookie teachers working in really tough neighborhoods,
30
asking which teachers are still going to be here in teaching by the end of the school year,
31
and of those, who will be the most effective at improving learning outcomes for their students.
32
We partnered with private companies asking which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs,
33
and who's going to earn the most money.
34
In all those very different contexts,
35
one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success,
36
and it wasn't social intelligence,
37
it wasn't good looks, physical health, and it wasn't IQ.
38
It was grit.
39
Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.
40
Grit is having stamina.
41
Grit is sticking with your future,
42
day in, day out, not just for the week,
43
not just for the month,
44
but for years, and working really hard to make that future a reality.
45
Grit is living life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
46
A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago Public Schools.
47
I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires,
48
and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate.
49
Turns out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate,
50
even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure,
51
things like family income, standardized achievement test scores,
52
even how safe kids felt when they were at school.
53
So it's not just at West Point or the National Spelling Bee that grit matters,
54
it's also in school, especially for kids at risk for dropping out.
55
To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know,
56
how little science knows about building it.
57
Every day, parents and teachers ask me,
58
how do I build grit in kids?
59
What do I do to teach kids a solid work ethic?
60
How do I keep them motivated for the long run?
61
The honest answer is, I don't know.
62
What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty.
63
Our data show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not follow through on their commitments.
64
In fact, in our data,
65
grit is usually unrelated or even inversely related to measures of talent.
66
So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is something called growth mindset.
67
This is an idea developed at Stanford University by Carol Dweck,
68
and it is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed,
69
that it can change with your effort.
70
Dr. Dweck has shown that when kids read and learn about the brain
71
and how it changes and grows in response to challenge,
72
they're much more likely to persevere when they fail because They don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.
73
So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit.
74
But we need more.
75
And that's where I'm going to end my remarks,
76
because that's where we are.
77
That's the work that stands before us.
78
We need to take our best ideas,
79
our strongest intuitions, and we need to test them.
80
We need to measure whether we've been successful,
81
and we have to be willing to fail,
82
to be wrong, to start over again with lessons learned.
83
In other words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier.
84
Thank you.
アプリをダウンロード
話したすべての文をAIが採点
TRENDING
人気動画
このレッスンについて
アンジェラ・ダックワース氏のTEDトークは、成功にはIQよりも「Grit（やり抜く力）」が重要であるという革新的な洞察を提供します。この動画は、英語スピーキング練習において、単なる知識の習得だけでなく、長期的な学習を継続するための内面的な強さがいかに重要かを教えてくれます。
語学学習はマラソンのようなもので、困難に直面しても諦めずに努力を続ける「Grit」が英語の流暢さを達成する鍵となります。動画では、著者が教師としての経験から、なぜ一部の生徒が優れた成績を収め、また一部の生徒が途中で脱落するのかを疑問に感じ、心理学者として研究を深めていく過程が描かれています。
この動画を通して、学習者は以下のようなスキルを向上させることができます。
- 語彙トピック: 成功要因、教育、心理学、モチベーション、目標設定といった、抽象的でアカデミックなテーマに関する英語表現。
- 文法パターン: 複雑な思考や論理を明確に表現するための接続詞、関係代名詞、仮定法などの高度な文法構造。
- スピーキングの文脈: 自身の経験や考察を論理的に説明し、説得力のある意見を述べるための構成力。これはIELTS対策におけるスピーキングテストにも非常に役立ちます。
重要な語彙とフレーズ
トランスクリプトからピックアップした、英語学習に役立つ表現を日本語訳と共にご紹介します。
- demanding job（多くの労力やスキルを要求される仕事）
- 例: "I left a very demanding job in management consulting."
- stratospheric IQ scores（非常に高いIQスコア、天文学的なIQ）
- 例: "Some of my strongest performers did not have stratospheric IQ scores."
- firmly convinced（固く信じている、確信している）
- 例: "I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material."
- motivational perspective（動機付けの観点、やる気に関する視点）
- 例: "what we need in education is a much better understanding... from a motivational perspective."
- significant predictor of success（成功の重要な予測因子）
- 例: "one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success."
- passion and perseverance for very long-term goals（非常に長期的な目標に対する情熱と忍耐）
- 例: "Grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals."
- growth mindset（成長志向、能力は努力で伸びるという考え方）
- 例: "the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is something called 'growth mindset.'"
この動画の練習のコツ
この動画は、シャドーイングと発音練習に最適な素材です。TEDトーク特有の、明瞭かつ説得力のある話し方は、あなたの英語の流暢さを向上させる手助けとなるでしょう。
- 話速とリズム: アンジェラ・ダックワース氏の話し方は比較的クリアで、重要なポイントでは適度に間を取りますが、全体的には情報量が多く、スピード感があります。まずはスクリプトを見ながら、彼女の抑揚や強調の仕方を注意深く聞き取りましょう。
- アクセントと発音: 明瞭なアメリカ英語の発音です。特に、"Grit" のようなキーワードや、教育、心理学といったアカデミックなトピックに関する専門用語の発音練習に集中すると良いでしょう。RとL、THの発音など、日本人が苦手としがちな音を意識して練習してみてください。
- トピックの難易度: 内容は抽象的ですが、私たちの日常生活や学習方法に直接関連するため、非常に興味深く取り組めます。抽象的な概念をいかに自然な英語で表現するか、その構造や語彙の選び方を学ぶ絶好の機会です。
- 実践的な活用: 動画で語られている「Grit」の概念を、あなた自身の英語学習にどう活かすかを考えながら練習することで、モチベーション維持にも繋がり、より深い理解が得られます。特にIELTS対策をしている方は、自分の意見を論理的に述べる練習として、動画の内容を要約したり、賛否を表明したりする練習も効果的です。困難に直面しても諦めずに続ける「やり抜く力」を身につけることが、英語上達への最短ルートです。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。