シャドーイング練習: Letter 2 The 38 letters from J.D Rockefeller to his son - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hello, my name is Gary, and I was raised in the Western United States, so I'm a native English speaker.
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I hope that you will enjoy this YouTube channel.
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Thank you for joining us.
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The 38 letters from J .D.
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Rockefeller to his son by J .D.
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Rockefeller, 1839 to 1937, Luck depends on planning.
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January 20, 1900.
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Dear John, some people are destined to be dazzling kings or great men because of their extraordinary talents, such as old Mr. McCormick,
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who had a brain that made luck and knew how to turn a reaper into a site for money.
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In my eyes, McCormick Sr. will always be an ambitious
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and commercially gifted industrial tycoon who freed American farmers with the harvester and put himself among the richest men in America.
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The French seemed to like him more, hailing him as the man who had contributed most to the world.
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Oh, what an unexpected bonus.
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This business wizard, who could only be an ordinary farm implement dealer, said an esoteric saying, luck is the remnant of design.
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This sentence does sound quite confusing.
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Does it mean that luck is the result of planning and strategy, or is luck just what's left over after planning my experience tells me
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that both meanings exist in other words we create our own luck
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and it is impossible for us to completely eliminate luck with any action luck is the gospel
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that is difficult to get rid of in the planning process McCormick understood the true meaning of luck
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and open the door to luck so it's no surprise to me
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that McCormick Harvester can be marketed around the world as a product that never sets.
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However, in our world, it is difficult to find someone who is as good at planning luck as Mr. McCormick,
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and it is also difficult to find someone who does not believe in luck and who does not misunderstand luck.
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In the eyes of ordinary people, luck is always innate, and as long as they find someone who has been promoted in the position,
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has a great success in the business world or succeeded in a certain field, they will say casually, even in a contemptuous tone.
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This man is so lucky that luck helped him.
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Such a man can never glimpse a great truth that makes him successful.
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Every man is the designer and architect of his own destiny.
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I admit that just like people can't live without money, people can't live without luck.
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But you can't wait for luck to make a difference.
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My creed is, I don't live by God -given luck, but I thrive by planning.
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I believe that good planning can influence luck, and in any case, can successfully influence luck.
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My plan to turn competition into cooperation in the oil world is a testament to this.
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Before that plan began, the refiners fought their own way, greed for profit, and the result was a devastating competition.
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This competition is certainly a boon for consumers, but falling oil prices are disasters for the refiners.
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At that time, the vast majority of refiners were doing business at a loss and were sliding into bankruptcy one by one.
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I know very well that in order to be profitable again and make money forever,
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we must tame the industry and let everyone act rationally i see it as a responsibility
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but it's hard to do
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and it requires a plan a plan to put all the
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refining operations under my umbrella john to be a good hunter on the hunting ground for profit
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you need to think hard do things carefully be able to see all possible dangers
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and opportunities and things at the same time study like a chess player everything that may jeopardize your dominance.
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I thoroughly studied the situation and assessed my strength
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and decided to make my base camp Cleveland as my first battleground in the war to rule the oil industry.
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Just as a commander on the battlefield chooses what kind of target to attack, he must first know what kind of firearm to choose is
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most effective to successfully implement the plan to unify the oil industry under my command.
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A means of thoroughly solving the problem is required.
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That's money, and I need a lot of money to buy those refineries that make overproduction.
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But the little money I had on hand was not enough to realize my plan,
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so I decided to form a joint stock company and bring in investors from outside the industry.
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Soon we incorporated the Standard Oil in Ohio with millions of assets, and the capital expanded substantially three and a half times the following year.
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But when to do it is a matter of knowledge.
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Visionary businessmen are always good at finding opportunities in every disaster, and that's what I did.
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Before we set out on our journey of conquest, the oil industry was in disarray.
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Ninety of Cleveland's refiners were already overwhelmed by increasing competition, and if they didn't sell their plants, they would only watch themselves die.
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This is the best time to acquire a rival it may seem unethical to take an acquisition at this time
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but it really has nothing to do with conscience enterprises are like battlefields
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and the significant of strategic goals is to create the most
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favorable state for oneself out of strategic considerations the first target
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i chose to conquer was not the vulnerable small company but the most formidable rival clark pain
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This company is well -known in Cleveland and ambitious to eat my star refinery.
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But before the opponent decides, I always have to strike first.
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I took the initiative to meet with Clark Payne's largest shareholder, my old high school friend,
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Mr. Oliver Payne, and I told him that the chaotic downturn in the oil industry was over.
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In order to protect the industry, on which countless families depend, I want to build a large, high -performing oil company and welcome him.
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Payne was so impressed with my plan that they agreed to sell the company for $400 ,000.
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I knew Clark Payne was not worth the price, but I didn't turn them down.
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Eating Clark Payne would mean that I would gain the status of the world's largest oil refinery.
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To act as a powerful vanguard, this trick really worked.
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In less than two months, 22 competitors came under the umbrella of Standard Oil,
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making me the big winner of that takeover battle and thus give me an unstoppable motivation.
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In the following three years, I successfully conquered the refiners in Philadelphia,
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Pittsburgh, and Baltimore and became the only master of the oil refining industry in the United States.
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Thinking about it today, I'm really lucky if I only said that my luck was bad and I followed the trend,
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I might have been conquered long ago, but I plotted my luck.
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Anything can happen in the world, but nothing will happen for nothing.
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John, if we want to keep our luck, we must carefully plan luck, and planning luck requires a good plan.
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A good plan must be a good design, and a good design must be able to play a role.
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You need to know that there are two basic prerequisites to consider when conceding a good design.
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The first is knowing your goals, such as what you want to do and even who you want to be.
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The second is knowing your goals.
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It is to know what resources you have, such as status, money, relationships, and even abilities.
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The order of these two basic conditions is not absolutely irreversible.
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You may have an idea and a goal before you start looking for goals suitable for these resources.
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You can also mix them together to form the third and fourth methods.
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To achieve the goal, you have to selectively create some resources and maybe have some resources and a certain goal.
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You must raise or lower your goals based on these resources.
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After you adjust the goals according to the resources
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or adjust the resources according to the goals you have a foundation a structure
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that can be conceived and designed the rest is to fill with means and time
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and wait for luck to come you need to remember my son to design luck is to design life
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so while you wait for luck you need to know how to channel it give it a try love your father
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Thank you.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Letter 2 The 38 letters from J.D Rockefeller to his son」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：luck, oil, goal, planning, industry。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が94文、単語が1406語あります。 音声の長さは9:00です。 話す速さは1分あたり約156語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の82%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| resource 名詞 | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | 資源, 資産 |
| clerk 名詞 | /klɝk/ | 事務員, 店員 |
| conquer 動詞 | /ˈkɑŋkɚ/ | やっつける, 倒す |
| carefully 副詞 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | じっくり, 慎重に |
| strategic 形容詞 | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | 戦略的な |
| ordinary 形容詞 | /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ | 通常な, 普通な |
| disaster 名詞 | /dɪˈzɑːs.təː/ | 災害, 天災 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 依存する |
| implement 動詞 | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | 実行する, 実現する |
| rival 名詞 | /ˈɹaɪvəl/ | 好敵手, 宿敵 |
| adjust 動詞 | /əˈd͡ʒʌst/ | 調整する |
| ambitious 形容詞 | /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ | 野心的 |
| battlefield 名詞 | /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/ | 戦場, 戦地 |
| umbrella 名詞 | /ʌmˈbɹɛl.ə/ | 傘, 蝙蝠傘 |
| tone 名詞 | /ˈtəʊn/ | トーン |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | was raised · are destined · can be marketed |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | man who had · someone who is · someone who does |
注意したい発音
話し手はcan't, didn't, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を8回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, thrive /θɹajv/, unethical /ʌnˈɛθɪkəl/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, ordinary /ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, cooperation /koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, umbrella /ʌmˈbɹɛl.ə/, vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: rival /ˈɹaɪvəl/, vast /væst/, solve /sɒlv/, initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, carefully /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/, battlefield /ˈbætəlˌfiːld/, farmer /ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/, profitable /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。resource, clerk, conquerなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。