シャドーイング練習: Making cities feel quieter ⏲️ 6 Minute English - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello.
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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil.
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And I'm Georgie.
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Neil, I'm going to play you two sound recordings
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and I want you to tell me how you feel when you hear them.
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OK.
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First this...
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and now this...
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Oh well, that first clip made me feel really relaxed.
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But the second one, oh it's horrible.
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I felt quite stressed out actually.
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Oh no!
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Well, this little experiment shows how much we are affected by the noise around us.
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And that's a problem if you're one of the four billion people around the world who live in cities.
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Yes, whether it's the rattle of train tracks,
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honking car horns or the roar of airplanes overhead,
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modern cities are full of noise.
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and this can have serious effects.
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The World Health Organisation reports that by 2050,
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around 2.5 billion people will experience hearing loss,
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and exposure to loud noise has been linked to stress and anxiety.
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In this episode, we'll be hearing about ways to make our cities quieter,
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more relaxing places, using some useful new words and phrases.
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And remember, you'll find all the vocabulary along with a quiz and worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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But now I have a question for you, Georgie.
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Sound is measured in units called decibels,
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but how many decibels would it be if I whispered?
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A whisper is speaking like this.
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Is it a 3 decibels,
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b 13 decibels, or c 30 decibels?
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Oh, that's really hard.
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I'll go for b 13 decibels.
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Well, we'll find out the answer at the end of the programme.
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Let's start in one of the noisiest cities in the world,
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Mumbai, in India, where daytime noise levels regularly hit 80 decibels,
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which is over 20 decibels higher than World Health Organisation recommendations.
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Listen to Mumbai native Chavi Sachdev share her experiences of living
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in this noisy city with BBC World Service programme People Fixing the World.
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I mean, India in general is just really loud.
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We are a loud people.
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We dress loud, we talk loud,
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we celebrate loud, we watch movies loud.
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When people ask me what I miss about living abroad,
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I tell them it's the quiet because after 12 years of living in the US and Europe,
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when I got back I realised I couldn't handle it anymore.
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I'd gotten used to lower levels of noise.
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Chavi says Indians talk loud,
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celebrate loud and dress loud.
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To dress loud means to wear clothes with bright colours and large bold patterns.
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When Chavi returned to India after living overseas,
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she says she couldn't handle the noise.
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If you can't handle something,
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you find it difficult to deal or cope with.
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So what can be done to tackle noise in cities like Mumbai?
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One interesting approach involves using sound itself to make things feel quieter.
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Soundscaping is the idea of adding certain sounds to busy public spaces so that they sound and feel more relaxing.
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Sound artist Charles Montambeau lives near the Parc de Madeleno,
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a busy city park in Montreal, Canada.
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Charles was inspired to recreate the ocean sounds he heard on holiday in the Magdalen Islands,
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in his city park back home.
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On BBC World Service programme People Fixing the World,
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he tells reporter Natasha Fernandez that these sounds included ocean waves and some unusual sounding sand.
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The sand on the Magdalen Island can sing.
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When you walk into the sound firmly,
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the sound makes some squeaky sounds.
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So that's one sound that is kind of funny, kind of special.
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Inside this small park, surrounded by busy roads,
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Charles and his team set up an immersive sound installation in the form of speakers planted in flower beds.
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So the installation was really to make this park a little quieter by adding some quiet noises.
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So it's counter-intuitive, but you can make a park less noisy by adding some calmer sounds.
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The sand on the Magdalene Islands is squeaky.
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It makes a high-pitched sound called a squeak when stepped on.
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Charles played recordings of this sand,
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ocean waves and other relaxing sounds through speakers hidden in the park.
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He created an art installation – a work of art designed to give people an interactive experience.
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By adding more relaxing sounds,
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Charles' installation actually made the park feel quieter.
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It's an example of something that's counter-intuitive,
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meaning it happens differently from how you would expect.
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What a great idea!
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And similar soundscapes are now helping city dwellers relax in other cities too,
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including Tokyo and Barcelona.
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Now Neil, you asked me a question about a very quiet sound – a whisper.
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So, are you going to reveal the correct answer?
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I asked you how loud a whisper is.
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Yes, and I said 13 decibels.
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Well, 13 is an unlucky number and you are wrong.
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It was actually 30.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned,
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starting with decibel, the unit for measuring sound.
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Someone who dresses loud likes to wear clothes with bright colours and bold designs.
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If you can't handle something,
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you find it difficult to deal with.
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An art installation is an artwork designed to create an interactive experience in a certain space.
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The adjective squeaky describes things which make a high-pitched sound, like a mouse.
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Squeak, squeak!
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And finally, if you call something counter-intuitive,
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you mean it happens differently from how you would expect.
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Once again, our six minutes are up,
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but if you'd like to hear more about this and many other trending topics,
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you'll find more episodes and learning activities on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
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See you again soon, but for now, it's goodbye.
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Goodbye.
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このビデオでスピーキング練習をする理由
この「6分間英語」のビデオは、都市の騒音が心に与える影響について話しています。騒音に関する内容を通じて、リスニングスキルを向上させることができるだけでなく、自分の意見を表現するためのスピーキング練習にも役立ちます。特に、騒音や都市生活に関する語彙とフレーズを学ぶことで、より具体的で実用的な会話ができるようになります。英語シャドーイングを通して、話し方や発音を身につけることができるので、自信をもって英語でのコミュニケーションを楽しむことができるでしょう。
文法と文脈における表現
- 「made me feel」 - このフレーズは感情を表現する際によく使われます。たとえば、「それは私をリラックスさせた」と言いたいときに役立ちます。
- 「linked to」 - 何かが他の事柄と関連していることを示すときにこの表現を使います。例えば、騒音とストレスの関連を説明する際に便利です。
- 「have serious effects」 - 何かが大きな影響を持つことを示す表現です。「騒音は私たちの生活に深刻な影響を及ぼす」という文脈で使われます。
- 「after 12 years of」 - 期間を示すフレーズで、「12年間の経験の後に」というように使います。これにより、あなたの経験についての背景を説明できます。
一般的な発音の落とし穴
このビデオでは、「Mumbai」や「decibels」といった特定の単語が難しい発音のポイントになります。特に「Mumbai」は、インド市名として「ムンバイ」と日本語で発音することが一般的です。また、「decibels」は「デシベル」と発音されることが多いですが、初心者には難しい音が含まれています。YouTubeで英語学習をする際、これらの単語を繰り返し練習することが、英語スピーキング練習に非常に効果的です。発音を正しく習得するために、英語シャドーイングを活用し、ネイティブスピーカーの発音に近づくことを目指しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。