シャドーイング練習: Where to Tip in USA - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Tipping.
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It's a big part of life here in the United States.
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And it can be confusing.
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even for people who live here.
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How much should you tip?
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When should you tip?
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And is it 10 %?
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15 % or 20 %?
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And what happens if you don't tip at all?
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Today, I'm going to explain American tipping culture in an easy and simple way.
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Let's start!
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The most common place to tip is at a full -service restaurant like the one I'm in right now.
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A normal tip for good service is around 15 to 25 percent. But...
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Why is it so high?
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When the server brings your bill, He or she will bring you two coffees.
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One for the restaurant or the merchant coffee and one for you.
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On your copy, there's a line that says "tip".
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So my total for my food is $34 .95.
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But I do have to tip my server for her service.
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So if I leave a tip, the total will be a lot higher than I thought.
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So you're not just paying for your meal.
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I'm not only paying $34 .95.
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I'm going to be paying 15 to 25 % more because I do have to leave a tip.
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Also, I do want to add that if you are with a group of six or more people at your table, some restaurants will add an automatic tip,
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which means that the tip is already included with your order.
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So if you are with a big group of people,
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Go ahead and check that bill and check for gratuity and it'll be 18 to 20 % already added to your bill.
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And why am I telling you that?
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Well, one time I went out with a big group of friends.
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And of course, I didn't know the restaurant already had a tip included in the receipt.
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So when I received the bill, I put a tip amount in this section without looking at the original price with the tip already included.
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I'm telling you this to be careful and double check the receipt to make sure you don't leave a double tip.
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But if the service was really good and you do want to leave a double tip, That's totally fine, but I do know some people don't know the rules here in America.
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So make sure and double check if you are sitting with a group of six or more people.
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Just ask the restaurant if the tip is already included in the check.
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Why do we tip so much and where does the system come from?
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Well, in many states, restaurant workers, especially servers, earn a sub -minimum wage.
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That means their wage is a lot lower than the normal minimum wage.
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And that's the reason why many servers and restaurant workers depend on tips, because most of their income comes from that.
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The idea is that this encourages better service.
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So, the more attentive and more friendly your server is, the more likely you are able to tip well, your server will make more money.
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And this is all based on a performance -based payment system.
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But what happens if you don't tip well or at all?
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For a server, that's just not a bad day.
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It can essentially mean they worked for free or even lost money,
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since they often have to tip out a portion of their tips to bussers or other workers in the restaurant.
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This is a high -stakes system for them.
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But now, let's go ahead and ask my server, Evelyn, what she thinks about tipping culture in America.
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This is my wonderful server, Evelyn.
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She took care of me today.
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So, Evelyn, what do you think about tipping culture? in every restaurant.
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Like here, we make a little bit more below minimum wage just because we do make bigger tips.
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Tipping is not always necessary by any means.
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If you can't tip, you can't tip.
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It's honestly appreciated but as someone who mainly works for tips um it's a little frustrating
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when i do get stepped or
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when somebody doesn't tip like according to the bell have you
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had times where someone left like zero tips uh yes all
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the time um it could either depend on they felt as
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if they didn't get as good service or they didn't like the food Anything can go into it.
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I've had times where I've gotten zero tips, but I've had times where I've gotten up to $300 at a time.
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So since you work as a server, how do you tip in real life?
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Like, do you tip at restaurants?
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Do you tip at cafes?
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I tip everywhere, even on DoorDash and deliveries.
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I typically tip always 20%.
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And then if it's really great service, I go beyond that.
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And then here's your tip.
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Thank you so much.
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Thank you.
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I just tipped my server in cash.
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So on the receipt, I'm going to write Cash tip.
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and then I will add my total which is $34 .95
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but in theory I did give her $20
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and now I will sign the receipt and I will do that to the other copy too.
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Talking about tips did you know the word tip has so many different meanings?
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It really depends on if you're using tip as a verb so an action word or as a noun, meaning a thing.
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Depending on the situation, when tip is a verb, it can mean to make something lean, fall, or accidentally push it over.
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For example, "Oops, I accidentally tipped the glass of water." Tip can also mean to secretly give someone information.
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"Someone tipped the police off about the robbery," meaning they told the police secretly.
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Tip can also mean to touch something, very lightly or quickly.
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She tipped her hat to greet someone.
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Just a quick touch of the hat.
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And of course, the one we all probably know.
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To give a small amount of money for a service.
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Did you tip the taxi driver?
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Now when tip is a noun, it also has many different meanings.
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For example, the very end or top part of something.
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The tip of a pen, the tip of an iceberg, or the tip of your finger.
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Tip can also mean a piece of advice or a helpful suggestion.
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She gave me a useful tip for baking.
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As you can see, tip is an incredibly versatile word with many meanings.
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This is a great example of how important context is in language, and it's something that platforms, like Busuu, our sponsor today,
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help you understand when you're learning a new language.
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and some feel a little overwhelmed when it comes to speaking English.
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Well, speaking of helpful tips and feeling confident, if you're learning English or any of the 14 languages offered by Busuu,
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you'll find tons of great support there to help you on your way.
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In fact, Busuu even has a specific English course called Life in the US, and it's designed for people who want to move there.
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So you can learn not just the language, but also the culture communication you'll need.
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Busuu is an interactive language learning platform.
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With Busuu, you can practice with real native speakers directly in the app, which makes your learning feel truly authentic and practical for daily conversations.
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They also give you personalized study plans to help you motivated and on track with your goals.
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And Busuu's AI tools provide instant feedback so you can
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So if you're ready to master a new language and get all the best tips for real life conversations, I highly recommend checking them out.
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You can sign up for Busuu today and enjoy a 7 -day free premium trial.
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Thanks to Busuu for sponsoring this part of the video.
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Now let's get back to learning more about tipping culture in the US.
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Tipping at a bar is a little bit different but just as important.
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if you have a tab.
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Here's a quick tip if you do order a drink at the bar.
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Think of the tip as the price of the drink.
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So for example, if you order a cocktail that costs $10, you'll probably want a tip around $2 to $3 for that.
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So instead of paying $10, the cocktail will be $1 .00.
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$13.
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That's the price you'll pay.
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If you're not willing to pay for a tip, that's totally fine, but you'll probably not want to go to a bar.
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Instead, it's probably better to just drink at home.
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But now, let's go ahead and ask the bartender what she thinks of tipping.
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Hi, Sierra.
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What is the process like to tip at a bar?
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Basically, they tip either 18, 20, or 25 % of however much the total is.
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So here it'll show you 18, 20 and 25%.
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So instead of having to do the math, it does it for you.
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And you can just check mark the box and sign.
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- Do you basically live on tips, I guess?
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- Yeah, so our hourly wage is gonna be significantly less than anywhere else.
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And we basically live off tips.
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- Have you ever been in a circumstance or position, someone just drank something and then they never left a tip?
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- It has happened, but it's super rare.
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It's not really etiquette to not tip.
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Do you always tip wherever you go?
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I over tip because I'm in the industry, yes.
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Perfect, thank you so much.
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Yeah, you're welcome.
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This one is a bit tricky.
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Right now, I'm inside a coffee shop.
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So unlike a full -service restaurant, there are baristas working behind the counter.
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And they're usually the ones that earn a full minimum wage.
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So is tipping required here?
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The new way of tipping, especially with those big tablet screens, can feel like you're under a lot of pressure.
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I mean, they're right in front of you, so it feels like everybody is watching.
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But remember, you don't have to tip.
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That being said, giving tips is a very kind gesture, especially for baristas, because remember, they earn a full minimum wage.
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So when you do give tips, that increases their wage and makes a big difference in their take -home pay.
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So a dollar or a couple of dollars in the tip jar will make them feel appreciated.
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Hi, what do you think about tipping culture in the United States?
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I think tipping is a way to show appreciation to workers, but also it's a two way street.
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So like if I'm giving good servers, I don't expect that tip.
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However, it's up to the customer to give the tip ultimately.
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So, so do you normally tip at restaurants?
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Oh, 100%.
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Absolutely.
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Yep.
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Do people normally tip on this little iPad?
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Or do they give cash tips?
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Either or whatever is easier.
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So if they have a car tip, you know, they'll do that or they have cash to do that as well.
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I don't expect it, you know, but if they said it's great, but it's not whatever, you know, I'm not excited of it.
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So And you don't expect it because you earn a full minimum wage unlike other restaurants, for example, where they live off their tips.
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I would say so yeah, I would say so yeah, yeah, in a sense, you know, I earn a good wage.
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So it's like, I don't need that tip necessarily.
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But it's a way for, I guess, customers to like kind of show their appreciation, which is neat.
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But again, I don't expect it as much.
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Thank you so much.
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Yeah, let's talk about another type of service.
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Haircuts!
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I'm here with a barber.
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Do your clients tip you after a haircut?
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Yeah, they normally do around 20 % from the price of a haircut.
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And have your clients never given you a tip before?
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It depends on the client and where they're from.
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It's more like a culture thing.
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You know, something that they do here in the United States is that they tip the barber.
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Like, where I'm from is Venezuela and South America, and we don't like have to tip the barber.
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Usually they put everything on the price tip you, right?
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Yeah, I do.
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As you can see, tips show appreciation and they are a big part of income for barbers and stylists.
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A common tip is 20%, but it can be up to 25 to 30 % if it's a great service.
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Tipping culture extends far beyond just restaurants and bars.
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You'll find yourself tipping in many once they bring you back your keys and your car.
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Hotel bellboys.
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Yes, the people that bring your luggage or your suitcases up to your room.
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It'll probably be a few dollars per bag.
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Uber or Lyft drivers.
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So the people that give you a ride to a certain place like an airport or to your hotel,
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you can leave a tip easily on the app and it makes a huge difference because you are paying
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you are ordering a service where they bring you your food directly to your door.
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So this is a great way to appreciate the people doing this service for you.
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Also, for spas, massages, or beauty treatments, I would recommend a tip 15 to 25%.
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And remember, always, always check the receipt because some places add gratuity automatically.
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Also, here are some extra tipping tips.
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Always bring cash because workers can just bring it home that same day and it doesn't get taxed.
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Now for the final and most confusing part where you don't tip.
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The general rule of thumb is this: if you're at a fast food restaurant, a self -service counter where you literally just order your food,
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or maybe a food court, you don't need to tip.
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The person behind the counter is not a server, they are an employee earning a minimum wage, which right now it's actually $23.
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So there you have it!
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Tipping in America isn't a simple transaction,
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It's part of how many workers get paid.
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Understanding the why is what makes it a lot easier.
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Bye!
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you you
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Where to Tip in USA」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：tip, tipping, restaurant, server, wage。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が201文、単語が2316語あります。 音声の長さは14:34です。 話す速さは1分あたり約159語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| receipt 名詞 | /ɹɪˈsiːt/ | 受け取り |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 依存する |
| barber 名詞 | /ˈbɑɹ.bɚ/ | 理髪師, 床屋 |
| haircut 名詞 | /ˈhɛə(ɹ)kʌt/ | 刈り込み, 理髪 |
| barista 名詞 | /bəˈɹis.tə/ | バリスタ |
| noun 名詞 | /naʊn/ | 名詞 |
| confuse 動詞 | /kənˈfjuːz/ | 混乱させる |
| verb 名詞 | /vɝb/ | 動詞 |
| cocktail 名詞 | /ˈkɑk.teɪl/ | カクテル |
| secretly 副詞 | /ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/ | ひそかに |
| sponsor 名詞 | /ˈspɒn.səː/ | スポンサー |
| attentive 形容詞 | /əˈtɛntɪv/ | 注意深い |
| bellboy 名詞 | /ˈbɛlˌbɔɪ/ | ベルボーイ |
| etiquette 名詞 | /ˈɛt.ɪˌkɛt/ | 礼儀, 作法 |
| iceberg 名詞 | /ˈaɪsbɝɡ/ | 氷山 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| go ahead 動詞 | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | どうぞお先に |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- How much should you tip?
- Do you tip at cafes?
- Did you tip the taxi driver?
- Do you always tip wherever you go?
- Do your clients tip you after a haircut?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | people who live · someone who mainly · total which is |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is already included · being said |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | I've gotten · has happened |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, I'm, you'reなど、短縮形や弱形を60回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: thumb /ˈθʌm/, authentic /ɔˈθɛn.tɪk/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, massage /məˈsɑ(d)ʒ/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: appreciation /əˌpɹiː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, gratuity /ɡɹəˈtuːətɪ/, personalize /ˈpɜː.sə.nə.laɪz/, interactive /ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.tɪv/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: verb /vɝb/, attentive /əˈtɛntɪv/, overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, motivate /ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/, versatile /ˈvɜː.səˌtaɪl/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/, cafe /ˌkæˈfeɪ/
- 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, gratuity /ɡɹəˈtuːətɪ/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, sponsor /ˈspɒn.səː/, frustrate /ˈfɹʌsˌtɹeɪt/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。receipt, depend, barberなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。