쉐도잉 연습: 1 Hour IELTS Listening October Part 3 | Podcast with Test & Transcript 2026 #ib8 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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1
Welcome Part
2
3. You will hear two students discussing how to improve the layout of a poster for a project.
3
OK, Daniel.
4
We need to tidy the poster section before we submit the project.
5
The tutor's feedback was blunt.
6
She said we had a lot of content but not a clear message.
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I get it.
8
Posters are not like essays.
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People do not study them line by line.
10
They glance, decide whether it matters and move on.
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Exactly.
12
So, before we judge the six options, we should agree on what the poster is supposed to achieve.
13
For me, the first priority is speed.
14
The viewer should understand what the event is within a few seconds.
15
If they have to squint and decode it, they will ignore it.
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Yes, quick understanding is essential.
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The second priority, I think, is credibility.
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If the layout looks messy, people assume the organisers are unreliable, even if the event is good agreed
19
so the two key aims are it must be understood quickly
20
and it must make the organization look credible we do not need it to be artistic
21
or full of images great now what changes are actually necessary to get
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there I was thinking of adding a QR code
23
so people can sign up that would be helpful but it is not essential to fix the problem.
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The main issue is that the page is crowded.
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We need more white space, otherwise nothing stands out.
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True.
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When everything is packed tight the headline doesn't feel like a headline.
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Also, we need a grid.
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Right now the text boxes drift slightly and the edges do not line up.
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It feels accidental.
31
Yes, alignment matters for credibility.
32
So the two necessary changes are increasing white space and aligning everything to a grid.
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Now let's evaluate the six layout options and record a clear judgment for each one.
34
Text heavy first.
35
This is the version where we tried to include every detail on the front.
36
There are long paragraphs, two logos and a long list of speakers.
37
And the margins are tiny.
38
It feels like a notice board, not a poster.
39
Yes, it is too cluttered.
40
Next, the headline -led version.
41
The title is large, then a short line explaining what it is, then the date and location.
42
I like that.
43
My eye goes to the title first, then the key details.
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So the hierarchy is clear.
45
Now the dark background one.
46
It looked modern on the laptop.
47
But when I printed it, the grey text almost disappeared.
48
That's contrast.
49
The contrast is poor, so the information is hard to read quickly.
50
Minimal blocks is the simplest layout, with just a title and the details.
51
in neat boxes.
52
It is very safe, it looks official.
53
It does, but it is also a bit lifeless.
54
So it's professional but dull.
55
Daniel, Icon Set uses those little icons for talk, workshop and drop -in.
56
Yes, and I'm worried they're not obvious.
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The workshop icon looks like a tool so people might think it's a repair event.
58
Right, the icons may confuse people finally bold shapes
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this is the one with the angled shapes it definitely stands out
60
which we want but it is a little busy
61
so it's eye -catching but needs simplifying great
62
that gives us a consistent set of judgments
63
and we can justify them using our two aims quick understanding
64
and credibility plus the two fixes white space and a grid
65
Part 3.
66
You will hear two students discussing how to design a small research project for a university assignment.
67
Hi James, do you have a moment?
68
I just looked at the course site and the deadline is coming up.
69
We need to lock in our research project.
70
I know.
71
I've been hesitating because I can't decide on an approach that's interesting but still practical.
72
The tutor keeps saying it has to be something we can study without huge resources.
73
True.
74
I've been reading psychology blogs and study skills articles, and they all mention the same problem them.
75
Students often lose focus because they try to work for too long without stopping.
76
Their attention gets overloaded.
77
That explains my habits.
78
I try to finish everything in one sitting, and after about an hour I'm just staring at the screen, re -reading lines and not processing anything.
79
Same.
80
So I think our topic should be study habits, not just motivation.
81
Habits are easier to observe.
82
What if we investigate how digital tools affect concentration?
83
Like apps that block notifications, limit social media or organise study time.
84
Exactly.
85
People recommend them constantly, but I'm not convinced they always help.
86
Sometimes I check the app so often that it becomes another distraction.
87
I agree.
88
I saw an online survey on this and the answers were inconsistent.
89
Some users Others said their focus improved, others said they felt more distracted.
90
There wasn't a clear pattern.
91
Which means it's a useful area to explore.
92
But instead of only asking what people believe, we could observe what they do during a real study session.
93
Observation plus a short interview would be strong.
94
We can ask about their usual routine, then watch how they study for a set time and note interruptions.
95
Also, we should learn from our last project.
96
We were criticised because our conclusions weren't well supported.
97
We didn't explain clearly how the data connected to our ideas.
98
Right.
99
This time we need to show the link.
100
Results first, interpretation second and no vague claims.
101
So, let's define the research question how do digital tools affect students ability to focus
102
while studying good now we need a sample that's easy to access
103
if we pick random students scheduling will be a nightmare what about the business faculty
104
they tend to use productivity apps a lot
105
and we can recruit from the building where we have classes works for me how many participants eight students
106
it's small enough to manage
107
but still gives us a range of behaviors methodology mixed methods maybe a brief interview before observation for 30 minutes
108
and a quick follow -up question after during observation we should use the same checklist for everyone
109
which app they use how often they switch tasks how many times they touch their phone
110
and any obvious breaks in attention and we'll record everything in a spreadsheet
111
so it's easy to compare and calculate totals
112
if we time interruptions we might be able to build simple averages now ethics
113
because we're working with people we need informed consent they must know what we're recording
114
that they can stop at any time and
115
that there's no penalty for leaving
116
we should keep stress low too the activity shouldn't feel like a test we can let them choose a normal task,
117
like reading notes or writing an outline.
118
And confidentiality matters.
119
Use participant codes, not names, and don't record private content if a notification appears.
120
After collecting the data, we'll look for patterns and create a chart to show trends, like whether app users have fewer interruptions.
121
Then we'll evaluate the findings, discuss limitations and suggest improvements for future research.
122
Great.
123
Let's organise the interviews tomorrow.
124
Agreed.
125
This feels much clearer now.
126
part 3 you will hear two students discussing how to organize their group project on local transport habits
127
and agreeing on roles
128
and deadlines hi Karim thanks for meeting today
129
we really need to organize our transport project before the deadline gets too close
130
if we don't sort everything out
131
now we'll end up rushing the report at the last minute I agree the project requires a short written report
132
and a five -minute presentation, so it's important that we divide the tasks clearly.
133
Let's go through everything step by step.
134
Right, so first we have background research, then designing the survey, collecting responses,
135
analysing the data, writing the report and preparing the presentation slides.
136
And we also need someone to coordinate meetings and book rooms.
137
Without that, it'll be difficult to keep everyone on schedule.
138
You're usually good at organising things.
139
Do you want to coordinate?
140
I could do it, but actually I'm going to be off campus most mornings next week.
141
It might be hard for me to manage bookings and send reminders on time.
142
In that case, I'll handle it.
143
I'm here every day so I can book rooms and send reminders to the group.
144
Yes, that makes more sense.
145
Thanks for taking that on.
146
No problem.
147
Now, about the background section, someone needs to find academic sources and summarise the key ideas.
148
I was thinking maybe
149
Lewis could do that.
150
I'm not sure he'll have time.
151
Didn't he say he'd be busy running the survey and collecting responses?
152
Oh, you're right.
153
I forgot about that.
154
In that case, I'll take responsibility for the background research.
155
I look for journal articles and reliable reports about transport habits
156
and summarize the most useful points
157
that would be great just make sure the sources are credible
158
and not outdated of course I'll focus on peer -reviewed studies and official publications good now what about the slides
159
Holly mentioned earlier that she'd be happy to design the slides
160
and create graphs to show the results clearly yes she's good with layout
161
and visuals and Dan prefers speaking rather than designing
162
so he can present during the presentation
163
that sounds right Priya can edit the final report she's very careful with language
164
and always improves clarity agreed
165
and Lewis will collect the survey responses from students around campus especially near the library
166
and the bus stop where we can reach different groups exactly
167
now let's talk about the research question we need to finalize
168
it by Wednesday don't
169
we I think Wednesday is for something else yes Wednesday is
170
the deadline for completing the survey questions the research question must be chosen by Monday right Monday thanks for clarifying
171
so our question could focus on how students travel to campus
172
and what factors influence their choices
173
that works it allows us to compare buses bikes walking
174
and ride -sharing services good after
175
that we'll complete the survey questions by Wednesday the survey shouldn't be too long around ten questions should be enough
176
so people don't lose interest and the wording needs to be neutral
177
so we don't influence their answers absolutely
178
we also need to think about ethics since we're collecting information from participants
179
we should explain what the data will be used for yes we'll add a short introduction stating who we are and
180
that responses are anonymous should we collect names to prevent duplicate responses
181
I don't think that's necessary
182
it's better to avoid collecting identifying details good point we'll just remind them
183
it's one response per person now regarding the deadline for collecting responses
184
we should aim for at least 30 by Friday yes 30 by Friday gives us enough data
185
and still leaves time to analyze everything once we've analyzed the data we can start drafting the report
186
and Priya will edit the final version
187
when should we practice the presentation Tuesday next week would be best
188
that gives us time to prepare the slides agreed we can check that we stay within five minutes.
189
And the final submission is Thursday at 4pm, so we should meet Wednesday evening to combine all the sections.
190
Perfect.
191
I'll upload the academic sources tonight.
192
And I'll book a room and send reminders.
193
I think we've got a clear plan now.
194
Me too.
195
Let's get started.
196
You Part 3 – You will hear two students discussing a history exhibition for Open Week.
197
The deadline for the Open Week history exhibition is approaching fast.
198
Yes, we need to finalize the details.
199
Let's start with the audience.
200
Who is this exhibition actually for?
201
I assumed it was aimed at history undergraduates like us.
202
I thought so too, but Professor Grant wants to reach beyond our department.
203
Because of Open Week?
204
Exactly.
205
A significant portion will be high school leavers, actively considering submitting an application to study here next year.
206
We definitely need to impress those potential future applicants.
207
What about university staff?
208
They might drop by occasionally, but aren't the primary focus.
209
And school groups?
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It's not tailored for structured field trips.
211
The content is too dense for children.
212
So we're primarily aiming at those thinking of enrolling alongside regular
213
people from the local community who just want to see what we do.
214
Yes, those are the two primary demographic groups.
215
About the historical period, we've narrowed it down to the Industrial Revolution.
216
There is a mountain of primary source material in the university archives.
217
True, but archival convenience isn't why I chose it.
218
What was the deciding factor?
219
What fascinates me is how that era fundamentally dictated the way we all earn a living today.
220
The factory system and fixed shifts started there, shaping contemporary employment practices.
221
That makes sense.
222
It's a very relatable topic.
223
Additionally, our city underwent a dramatic physical transformation then.
224
Right, the population here almost doubled in 50 years.
225
Exactly.
226
There's a strong geographic and historical tie to this specific surrounding region.
227
That local connection makes the exhibition more engaging.
228
Let's decide on the themes for each section.
229
Starting with early factories, we could focus on technological developments, like steam engines.
230
I believe we should focus entirely on the daily reality for the employees on the shop floor, the incredibly dangerous machinery they operated,
231
and the shockingly low wages they took home.
232
I agree.
233
The human cost is compelling.
234
It draws people in more than machines.
235
For railways, I suppose that will clearly be about how people and freight were moved across the country.
236
Definitely.
237
We can showcase how networks revolutionized the physical movement of raw materials and passengers from one region to another.
238
Right.
239
What about public health?
240
It might seem disconnected from factories.
241
Well, it links to major breakthroughs in treating diseases.
242
We can demonstrate how doctors discovered new ways to prevent outbreaks, improving healthcare significantly.
243
I agree.
244
Next is city expansion.
245
Should we focus on town hall architecture or how they constructed housing for the workers?
246
No, rather than looking at the buildings themselves or the new housing projects, the core issue is the demographic explosion.
247
It obviously relates directly to the massive shift of populations into metropolitan centers.
248
So let's highlight that urban growth.
249
Yes, we must illustrate the massive migration from rural villages into densely packed streets.
250
Now, the tricky topic of child labor.
251
We could treat that as an extension of the factory floor.
252
It fits there naturally.
253
That was my initial thought as well.
254
But upon reflection, I think it's better to connect it to the classroom.
255
The exploitation of youngsters eventually sparked a public outcry, which directly led to the passing of the first compulsory schooling laws.
256
Focusing on that transition to academic instruction shows positive long -term social change.
257
Finally, the trade union section.
258
The focus there should strictly be on changes to government legislation.
259
We can display pamphlets showing how ordinary workers campaigned for new legal protections and representation in Parliament.
260
Perfect.
261
That balances social, economic, and political themes beautifully.
262
I think we have a solid plan.
263
Part 3 You will hear a discussion between two university students about budget allocation priorities.
264
We need to be ready for tomorrow's student council meeting.
265
The budget increase is limited, so we can't support every proposal equally.
266
Exactly.
267
If we try to divide the money between everything, it won't make a noticeable difference anywhere.
268
The chair asked us to identify the two most urgent areas first and then explain why the remaining proposals still deserve support.
269
For me, one of those urgent areas has to be student mental health.
270
The support service is under too much pressure and students are starting to feel let down by it.
271
I agree.
272
The other one should be campus security.
273
Since those incidents near the bus stop last term, people have been much less comfortable about moving around the campus in the evening.
274
Yes, safety has become a serious concern.
275
The sports complex is popular, of course, but it doesn't feel as immediate as student support and protection.
276
I'd say the same about the laboratories.
277
Better equipment would be useful, but for most students, it isn't something they notice from day to day
278
and the library matters too
279
but i still wouldn't put it in the top two this year
280
so we're agreed the two main priorities are mental health support
281
and campus security right now let's make sure we justify those choices properly for mental health we need reasons
282
that are accurate
283
and not overstated the strongest point is probably the rise in demand more students are asking for appointments
284
now than the service can cope with and
285
the delay is another problem some students are waiting several weeks before
286
they can speak to anyone we should be careful not to say the issue is low pay for staff
287
because that isn't what the figures show no the real problem is
288
that there just aren't enough appointments available and it's not
289
because public funding was reduced either I checked that
290
and the funding level hasn't been cut also we shouldn't make
291
it sound like we're reacting to what other universities are doing
292
our case is based on the pressure here on our own campus good
293
that gives us two clear reasons rising demand
294
and long waiting times fine now
295
that we've settled the priorities let's go through the other proposals one by one
296
and give each of them a distinct supporting reason okay first the library upgrades that's mainly an academic issue
297
if students can't get reliable access to essential course materials their work suffers yes limited access to textbooks
298
and study resources can affect results next the proposal for additional security cameras
299
that links directly to personal safety the point is to reduce risk and help students feel more secure especially after dark.
300
Agreed.
301
Now, what about renovating the sports complex?
302
I think the best argument is financial in the long term.
303
If repairs are postponed, minor problems like leaks and damaged flooring could turn into something much more expensive later.
304
So, the case is that acting now avoids a far bigger bill in the future.
305
Exactly.
306
Next is extra funding for counselling services.
307
That one is really about supporting students' well -being.
308
It helps people deal with stress and prevents more serious burnout.
309
Right.
310
Now, the science laboratories.
311
At first, I thought we should argue that better facilities would improve the university's image,
312
but the science faculty actually stressed a different point. Which was?
313
Recruitment.
314
They said it's becoming harder to attract specialist academic staff when the labs look outdated compared to those at other institutions.
315
That makes sense.
316
So, for the laboratories, the strongest reason is staff recruitment.
317
Yes.
318
Finally, the shuttle bus service.
319
Some people think that's mainly about reducing parking pressure, but that isn't really the key issue.
320
No, it's more about making the campus easier to reach for everyone.
321
Exactly.
322
A wider service would help students living off campus and those with mobility difficulties, particularly in bad weather.
323
Good.
324
I think that gives us a clear line for every item.
325
Great.
326
I'll draft the statement tonight and send it to you so you can check it before the meeting.
327
Part 3.
328
You will hear two students discussing how to improve the layout of a poster for a project.
329
OK, Daniel, we need to tidy the poster section before we submit the project.
330
The tutor's feedback was blunt she said we had a lot of content
331
but not a clear message I get it posters are not like essays.
332
People do not study them line by line.
333
They glance, decide whether it matters and move on.
334
Exactly.
335
So, before we judge the six options, we should agree on what the poster is supposed to achieve.
336
For me, the first priority is speed.
337
The viewer should understand what the event is within a few seconds.
338
If they have to squint and decode it, they will ignore it.
339
Yes, quick understanding is essential.
340
The second priority, I think, is credibility.
341
If the layout looks messy, people assume the organisers are unreliable, even if the event is good.
342
Agreed.
343
So the two key aims are it must be understood quickly and it must make the organisation look credible.
344
We do not need it to be artistic
345
or full of images great now what changes are actually necessary to get
346
there I was thinking of adding a QR code
347
so people can sign up that would be helpful
348
but it is not essential to fix the problem the main issue is
349
that the page is crowded we need more white space otherwise nothing stands out true
350
when everything is packed tight the headline doesn't feel like a headline also
351
we need a grid right now the text boxes drift slightly
352
and the edges do not line up it feels accidental yes alignment matters for credibility
353
so the two necessary changes are increasing white space and aligning everything to a grid.
354
Now, let's evaluate the six layout options and record a clear judgment for each one.
355
Text heavy first.
356
This is the version where we tried to include every detail on the front.
357
There are long paragraphs, two logos and a long list of speakers.
358
And the margins are tiny.
359
It feels like a notice board, not a poster.
360
Yes, it is too cluttered.
361
Next, the headline -led version.
362
The title is large, then a short line explaining what it is, then the date and location.
363
I like that.
364
My eye goes to the title first, then the key details.
365
So the hierarchy is clear.
366
Now the dark background one.
367
It looked modern on the laptop.
368
But when I printed it, the grey text almost disappeared that's contrast the contrast is poor
369
so the information is hard to read quickly minimal blocks is the simplest layout with just a title
370
and the details all in neat boxes it is very safe it looks official it does
371
but it is also a bit lifeless so it's professional
372
but dull Daniel icon set uses those little icons for talk workshop
373
and drop -in yes and I'm worried they're not obvious the workshop icon looks like a tool
374
so people might think it's a repair event right the icons may confuse people finally bold shapes
375
this is the one with the angled shapes it definitely stands out
376
which we want but it is a little busy
377
so it's eye -catching but needs simplifying great
378
that gives us a consistent set of judgments
379
and we can justify them using our two aims quick understanding
380
and credibility plus the two fixes white space and a grid
381
Part three.
382
You will hear two students discussing how to design a small research project for a university assignment.
383
Hi James, do you have a moment?
384
I just looked at the course site and the deadline is coming up.
385
We need to lock in our research project.
386
I know.
387
I've been hesitating because I can't decide on an approach that's interesting but still practical.
388
The tutor keeps saying it has to be something we can study without huge resources.
389
True.
390
I've been reading psychology blogs and study skills articles, and they all mention the same problem.
391
Students often lose focus because they try to work for too long without stopping.
392
Their attention gets overloaded.
393
That explains my habits.
394
I try to finish everything in one sitting, and after about an hour I'm just staring at the screen, re -reading lines and not processing anything.
395
Same.
396
So I think our topic should be study habits, not just motivation.
397
Habits are easier to observe.
398
What if we investigate how digital tools affect concentration?
399
Like apps that block notifications, limit social media or organise study time.
400
Exactly.
401
People recommend them constantly, but I'm not convinced they always help.
402
Sometimes I check the app so often that it becomes another distraction.
403
I agree.
404
I saw an online survey on this and the answers were inconsistent.
405
Some users said their focus improved, others said they felt more distracted.
406
There wasn't a clear pattern.
407
Which means it's a useful area to explore.
408
But instead of only asking what people believe, we could observe what they do during a real study session.
409
Observation plus a short interview would be strong.
410
We can ask about their usual routine, then watch how they study for a set time and note interruptions.
411
Also, we should learn from our last project.
412
We were criticised because our conclusions weren't well supported.
413
We didn't explain clearly how the data connected to our ideas.
414
Right.
415
This time we need to show the link results first interpretation second
416
and no vague claims
417
so let's define the research question how do digital tools affect students ability to focus
418
while studying good now we need a sample that's easy to access
419
if we pick random students scheduling will be a nightmare what about the business faculty
420
they tend to use productivity apps a lot
421
and we can recruit from the building where we have classes works for me how many participants eight students
422
it's small enough to manage
423
but still gives us a range of behaviors methodology mixed methods maybe a brief interview before observation for 30 minutes
424
and a quick follow -up question after during observation we should use the same checklist for everyone,
425
which app they use, how often they switch tasks, how many times they touch their phone, and any obvious breaks in attention.
426
And we'll record everything in a spreadsheet, so it's easy to compare and calculate totals.
427
If we time interruptions, we might be able to build simple averages.
428
Now ethics.
429
Because we're working with people, we need informed consent.
430
They must know what we're recording that they can stop at any time and
431
that there's no penalty for leaving
432
we should keep stress low too the activity shouldn't feel like a test
433
we can let them choose a normal task like reading notes
434
or writing an outline and confidentiality matters use participant codes not names
435
and don't record private content
436
if a notification appears after collecting the data we'll look for patterns
437
and create a chart to show trends like whether app users have fewer interruptions
438
then we'll evaluate the findings discuss limitations
439
and suggest improvements for future research great let's organize the interviews tomorrow agreed this feels much clearer now
440
Part 3.
441
You will hear two students discussing how to organise their group project on local transport habits and agreeing on roles and deadlines.
442
Hi Karim, thanks for meeting today.
443
We really need to organise our transport project before the deadline gets too close.
444
If we don't sort everything out now, we'll end up rushing the report at the last minute i agree the project requires a short written report
445
and a five minute presentation so it's important
446
that we divide the tasks clearly let's go through everything step by step right
447
so first we have background research then designing the survey collecting responses analyzing the data writing the report
448
and preparing the presentation slides and we also need someone to coordinate meetings
449
and book rooms without
450
that it'll be difficult to keep everyone on schedule you're usually good at organizing things do you want to coordinate
451
I could do it, but actually I'm going to be off campus most mornings next week.
452
It might be hard for me to manage bookings and send reminders on time.
453
In that case, I'll handle it.
454
I'm here every day so I can book rooms and send reminders to the group.
455
Yes, that makes more sense.
456
Thanks for taking that on.
457
No problem.
458
Now, about the background section, someone needs to find academic sources and summarise the key ideas.
459
I was thinking maybe
460
Lewis could do that.
461
I'm not sure he'll have time.
462
Didn't he say he'd be busy running the survey and collecting responses?
463
Oh, you're right.
464
I forgot about that.
465
In that case, I'll take responsibility for the background research.
466
I'll look for journal articles and reliable reports about transport habits and summarise the most useful points.
467
That would be great.
468
Just make sure the sources are credible
469
and not outdated of course I'll focus on peer -reviewed studies and official publications good now what about the slides
470
Holly mentioned earlier that she'd be happy to design the slides
471
and create graphs to show the results clearly yes she's good with layout
472
and visuals and Dan prefers speaking rather than designing
473
so he can present during the presentation that sounds right Priya can edit the final report.
474
She's very careful with language and always improves clarity.
475
Agreed.
476
And Lewis will collect the survey responses from students around campus.
477
Especially near the library and the bus stop, where we can reach different groups.
478
Exactly.
479
Now let's talk about the research question.
480
We need to finalise it by Wednesday, don't we?
481
I think Wednesday is for something else.
482
Yes, Wednesday is the deadline for completing the survey questions the
483
research question must be chosen by Monday right Monday thanks for clarifying
484
so our question could focus on how students travel to campus
485
and what factors influence their choices
486
that works it allows us to compare buses bikes walking
487
and ride -sharing services good after
488
that we'll complete the survey questions by Wednesday the survey shouldn't be too long around 10 questions should be enough
489
so people don't lose interest and the wording needs to be neutral
490
so we don't influence their answers absolutely
491
we also need to think about ethics since we're collecting information from participants
492
we should explain what the data will be used for yes we'll add a short introduction stating who we are and
493
that responses are anonymous should we collect names to prevent duplicate responses
494
i don't think that's necessary
495
it's better to avoid collecting identifying details good point we'll just remind them
496
it's one response per person now regarding the deadline for collecting responses
497
we should aim for at least 30 by friday yes 30 by friday gives us enough data
498
and still leaves time to analyze everything once we've analyzed the data we can start drafting the report.
499
And Priya will edit the final version.
500
When should we practice the presentation?
501
Tuesday next week would be best.
502
That gives us time to prepare the slides.
503
Agreed.
504
We can check that we stay within five minutes.
505
And the final submission is Thursday at 4pm, so we should meet Wednesday evening to combine all the sections.
506
Perfect.
507
I'll upload the academic sources tonight.
508
And I'll book a room and send reminders.
509
I think we've got a clear plan now.
510
Me too.
511
Let's get started.
512
Part 3.
513
You will hear two students discussing a history exhibition for Open Week.
514
The deadline for the Open Week History Exhibition is approaching fast.
515
Yes, we need to finalize the details.
516
Let's start with the audience.
517
Who is this exhibition actually for?
518
I assumed it was aimed at history undergraduates like us.
519
I thought so too, but Professor Grant wants to reach beyond our department.
520
Because of Open Week?
521
Exactly.
522
A significant portion will be high school leavers, actively considering submitting an application to study here next year.
523
We definitely need to impress those potential future applicants.
524
What about university staff?
525
They might drop by occasionally, but aren't the primary focus.
526
And school groups?
527
It's not tailored for structured field trips.
528
The content is too dense for children.
529
So we're primarily aiming at those thinking of enrolling alongside regular
530
people from the local community who just want to see what we do.
531
Yes, those are the two primary demographic groups.
532
About the historical period, we've narrowed it down to the Industrial Revolution.
533
There is a mountain of primary source material in the university archives.
534
True, but archival convenience isn't why I chose it.
535
What was the deciding factor?
536
What fascinates me is how that era fundamentally dictated the way we all earn a living today.
537
The factory system and fixed shifts started there, shaping contemporary employment practices.
538
That makes sense.
539
It's a very relatable topic.
540
Additionally, our city underwent a dramatic physical transformation then.
541
Right.
542
The population here almost doubled in 50 years.
543
Exactly.
544
There's a strong geographic and historical tie to this specific surrounding region.
545
That local connection makes the exhibition more engaging.
546
Let's decide on the themes for each section.
547
Starting with early factories, we could focus on technological developments, like steam engines.
548
I believe we should focus entirely on the daily reality for the employees on the shop floor, the incredibly dangerous machinery they operated,
549
and the shockingly low wages they took home.
550
I agree.
551
The human cost is compelling.
552
It draws people in more than machines.
553
For railways, I suppose that will clearly be about how people and freight were moved across the country.
554
Definitely.
555
We can showcase how networks revolutionized the physical movement of raw materials and passengers from one region to another.
556
Right.
557
What about public health?
558
It might seem disconnected from factories.
559
Well, it links to major breakthroughs in treating diseases.
560
We can demonstrate how doctors discovered new ways to prevent outbreaks, improving healthcare significantly.
561
I agree.
562
Next is city expansion.
563
Should we focus on town hall architecture or how they constructed housing for the workers?
564
No. Rather than looking at the buildings themselves or the new housing projects, the core issue is the demographic explosion.
565
It obviously relates directly to the massive shift of populations into metropolitan centers.
566
So let's highlight that urban growth.
567
Yes, we must illustrate the massive migration from rural villages into densely packed streets.
568
Now, the tricky topic of child labor.
569
We could treat that as an extension of the factory floor.
570
It fits there naturally.
571
That was my initial thought as well.
572
But upon reflection, I think it's better to connect it to the classroom room.
573
The exploitation of youngsters eventually sparked a public outcry, which directly led to the passing of the first compulsory schooling laws.
574
Focusing on that transition to academic instruction shows positive long -term social change.
575
Finally, the trade union section.
576
The focus there should strictly be on changes to government legislation.
577
We can display pamphlets showing how ordinary workers campaigned for new legal protections and representation Perfect!
578
That balances social, economic, and political themes beautifully.
579
I think we have a solid plan. About budget allocation priorities.
580
We need to be ready for tomorrow's student council meeting.
581
The budget increase is limited, so we can't support every proposal equally.
582
Exactly.
583
If we try to divide the money between everything, it won't make a noticeable difference anywhere.
584
The chair asked us to identify the two most urgent areas first, and then explain why the remaining proposals still deserve support.
585
For me, one of those urgent areas has to be student mental health.
586
The support service is under too much pressure, and students are starting to feel let down by it.
587
I agree.
588
The other one should be campus security.
589
Since those incidents near the bus stop last term, people have been much less comfortable about moving around the campus in the evening.
590
Yes, safety has become a serious concern.
591
The sports complex is popular, of course, but it doesn't feel as immediate as student support
592
and protection I'd say the same about the laboratories better equipment would be useful
593
but for most students it isn't something they notice from day to day
594
and the library matters too
595
but I still wouldn't put it in the top two this year
596
so we're agreed the two main priorities are mental health support and campus security right now
597
Now let's make sure we justify those choices properly for mental health we need reasons
598
that are accurate
599
and not overstated the strongest point is probably the rise in demand more students are asking for appointments
600
now than the service can cope with
601
and the delay is another problem some students are waiting several weeks before
602
they can speak to anyone we should be careful not to say the issue is low pay for staff
603
because that isn't what the figures show no the real problem is
604
that there just aren't enough appointments available and it's not
605
because public funding was reduced either I checked that
606
and the funding level hasn't been cut also we shouldn't make
607
it sound like we're reacting to what other universities are doing
608
our case is based on the pressure here on our own campus good
609
that gives us two clear reasons rising demand
610
and long waiting times fine now
611
that we've settled the priorities let's go through the other proposals one by one
612
and give each of them a distinct supporting reason.
613
Okay.
614
First, the library upgrades.
615
That's mainly an academic issue.
616
If students can't get reliable access to essential course materials, their work suffers.
617
Yes, limited access to textbooks and study resources can affect results.
618
Next, the proposal for additional security cameras
619
that links directly to personal safety the point is to reduce risk
620
and help students feel more secure especially after dark agreed
621
now what about renovating the sports complex I think the best argument is financial in the long term
622
if repairs are postponed minor problems like leaks
623
and damaged flooring could turn into something much more expensive later
624
so the case is
625
that acting now avoids a far bigger bill in the future exactly next is extra funding for counseling services
626
that one is really about supporting students well -being it helps people deal with stress
627
and prevents more serious burnout right now the science laboratories at first i thought we should argue
628
that better facilities would improve the university's image
629
but the science faculty actually stressed a different point
630
which was recruitment they said it's becoming harder to attract specialist academic staff
631
when the labs look outdated compared to those at other institutions
632
that makes sense
633
so for the laboratories the strongest reason is staff recruitment yes finally the shuttle bus service some people think
634
that's mainly about reducing parking pressure, but that isn't really the key issue.
635
No, it's more about making the campus easier to reach for everyone.
636
Exactly.
637
A wider service would help students living off campus and those with mobility difficulties, particularly in bad weather.
638
Good.
639
I think that gives us a clear line for every item.
640
Great.
641
I'll draft the statement tonight and send it to you so you can check it before the meeting.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “1 Hour IELTS Listening October Part 3”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 641개와 단어 6405개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 47:59입니다. 화자는 분당 약 133단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 82%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| collect 동사 | /ˈkɑlɪkt/ | 수집하다 |
| priority 명사 | /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ | 우선, 우선권 |
| habit 명사 | /ˈhæb.ɪt/ | 습관, 버릇 |
| deadline 명사 | /ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/ | 마감, 데드라인 |
| proposal 명사 | /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ | 제안, 구혼 |
| exhibition 명사 | /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/ | 전시 |
| presentation 명사 | /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/ | 증정 |
| slide 명사 | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | 미끄럼틀, 미끄럼대 |
| poster 명사 | /ˈpoʊstɚ/ | 포스터 |
| icon 명사 | /ˈaɪ.kɑn/ | 이콘, 성상 |
| topic 명사 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 화제, 주제 |
| laboratory 명사 | /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ | 실험실, 랩 |
| grid 명사 | /ɡɹɪd/ | 격자, 그리드 |
| observation 명사 | /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ | 관찰 |
| headline 명사 | /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ | 표제, 헤드라인 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| come up 동사 | 올라오다 |
따라 말해 볼 만한 문장
영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:
- Yes, and I'm worried they're not obvious.
- What if we investigate how digital tools affect concentration?
- We were criticised because our conclusions weren't well supported.
- Do you want to coordinate?
- When should we practice the presentation?
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 조건문 if + 절, will/would + 동사 — 조건과 그 결과 | if we pick random students scheduling will be |
| 현재완료진행 have/has been + -ing — 전에 시작해 지금도 계속되는 동작 | I've been hesitating · I've been reading |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | we've analyzed · we've narrowed · have been |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | must be understood · were criticised · must be chosen |
주의할 발음
화자는 we'll, I'll, don't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 133번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: exhibition /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, workshop /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, exhibition /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/, laboratory /ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/, credibility /kɹɛd.əˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: faculty /ˈfæk.əl.ti/, justify /ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, evaluate /ɪˈvaljʊeɪt/, investigate /ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: proposal /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, collect, priority, habit 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.