쉐도잉 연습: 5 Coding Interview Tips From A Senior Engineer - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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What's up, everybody?

Travis here from Travis .media.

Today, I want to look at an article

that I think will be helpful for anyone planning their first or even fifth interview for a programming job.

I'm always fascinated in hearing what people who conduct these interviews on a regular basis expect from those interviewing

and what kind of mistakes people keep making so that you

and I can be sure not to make these same mistakes and stand out better.

So in this video, I'll give you five lessons

that you can take away from this information and better equip yourself for that next interview.

Let's get started.

So I found this really good

Medium article, which can be really rare for Medium nowadays.

And it's targeted towards senior engineers specifically.

And it's actually called, This is Why I Didn't Accept You as a Senior Software Engineer.

But I think it applies all the way down the chain to mid and even junior level engineers.

Even if this is your first interview.

Because if you're exhibiting behavior like a senior in your junior interview, it's a good thing.

So let's take a look at this article.

So here's what the author says.

I've been interviewing engineers for different companies for the last few years.

But lately I've been turning down candidates like never before.

I'm still using the same questions.

Nothing's changed The problem is

that people have no idea about what it means to be a senior engineer and these professionals are scarcer than ever

Okay, that's good.

Let's find out the skills

We need to work on to make us some of those scarce people and that leads us to lesson one General knowledge.

I call it general knowledge.

He calls it development methodologies

So let me read this development methodologies or organizational methods that are meant to make teams effective

These could be boring for us, but it's expected of you to have expertise in them.

During my years of work, I have developed a rejection of non -agile development methodologies.

And more than that, I think that Scrum is not agile enough.

Its exhaustive use ends up helping the ego of the project managers more than the programmers.

I agree, though I like Scrum, but I like this meme too.

So here's the point.

When I do an interview, I look for that capacity of criticism in developers, knowing Scrum is not enough.

But you also have to know its disadvantages and propose solutions to them.

So the lesson here is that you shouldn't be agreeing to everything.

We go into the interview and we're like, yeah, yeah, I like that.

Yeah, I like this.

But you should be forming opinions about things with reasons to back them up.

Not in a quarrelsome way, but no one really wants another developer that just does whatever he

or she is told without sometimes disagreeing or offering better or alternative solutions.

As a developer, programming is only part of the job.

Another very important part is leaning in with your expertise on the task at hand.

Maybe the feature that the project manager

or the client wants is not a good idea or will not go well with how things are currently built.

You're needed to speak up, share your concern, and offer a better alternative.

In the case of this interviewer, he's looking for someone that can offer their opinions of Scrum regardless if you like it or not.

You can actually offer your opinion about it

and not just agree to whatever he says about it in the hopes

that they give you the job because you guys are the same.

The lesson here is to read up on things.

Form opinions yourself about industry -wide tools and development methodologies and be able to speak your mind about it if asked.

The point here is not that you need to learn Scrum for this guy.

The point is that if you're asked about Scrum, you have an opinion about it.

We want to carry on a conversation with the interviewer and not just nod our heads at everything said.

And I'll close lesson one with this quote here.

I thought it was good.

General knowledge will help you form better opinions and show you're willing to learn outside your field.

General knowledge is important.

Read up, form your opinions.

Lesson two, how well do you know your language?

He labels this section software design principles.

The reason the rockstar engineer is so much more valuable than his counterparts isn't unique to programming.

The great software engineer is incredibly creative and can see conceptual patterns that others can't.

After finishing every interview, this is important.

Listen to what this guy is saying.

After finishing every interview, when writing feedback for the candidate, I swear I could copy and paste the same response every time.

And it's this.

I suggest you read more about Python design patterns.

A good resource can be this guide.

We'll get back to that guide in a minute.

It's so easy to filter candidates with design principles.

Only in really strange cases, I've found people with an answer to all of these questions.

And he goes on to say that, hey, these design patterns are challenging.

It's not always easy to apply and recall them.

But forcing yourself to do these checks while you're programming will put you a step ahead.

Why do we use length array in Python while in other language we can use array dot length?

Is there any optimization behind it? how much do you know your language

so this lesson is twofold number one learn about your language design patterns

and two know your language well that's why when i say

if you're starting out programming learn one language

and learn it well like javascript you could do everything with it

or python that's a popular one let's say that you learn python first

and you decide to go all in with it learn

it well learn its quirks find a book like one of those o'reilly books

that goes in depth with the language

and be able to discuss things like why python is using

a length function instead of a length method as this author mentions sure

this may be more catered to senior interviews

but it will help you stand out better as a junior

if you're at least familiar with the deeper parts of a language such

that you can carry on a conversation about it you don't

have to be an expert just be able to carry on

the conversation think about books like javascript the good parts a book that's old

but really helps you see what's going on under the hood and learn about the quirks of the language.

He says here, reading a book about the language you use is absolutely necessary when you're growing.

100

Any senior engineering interview will include advanced questions

101

that you will only know by reading because books always go deeper than online courses.

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So do the online courses, learn the stuff, and then go deeper.

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Learn the language, build projects, get familiar, learn algorithms, but also here and there,

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read a new chapter or two that takes you a little bit deeper.

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Next, try to learn some design patterns for that language,

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or really design patterns in general with programming yes even as a junior as you build your apps

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if it's python then do check out this link

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that he provides it's a really really good resource it's at python -patterns .guide

109

and here you have a handful of principles and patterns

110

that you can learn

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if you're using the python language as the author suggests

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we're actually going to be working through some of these in the travis media community

113

when it reopens in january i closed it for december

114

because i'm doing a complete makeover

115

and overhaul of the community it's going to be awesome

116

when it relaunches if you want to be notified when

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that reopens just go to travis .media slash community put your email in this form here

118

and i'll email you when it reopens and work it into your hobby projects

119

or your portfolio projects you of course don't have to memorize all of these

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and be able to implement them all but

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if you're at least familiar with them

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and can implement a few that's enough to allow you into the conversation

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and thus have an opinion which is part of lesson one

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that we just talked about lesson three is check your attitude look at this

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Working with a vain person is immensely difficult.

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They make you feel bad all of the time and create bad vibes in the team.

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In the long term, the damage that such a person can do, the company can be very expensive.

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This has been an experience for any and every developer out there probably, working with a toxic developer.

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Companies are looking for great humans when they're offering humongous salaries, and part of that is being a good person.

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When doing an interview, we're not only evaluating the candidate's knowledge, but also his or her attitude.

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In a specific process I did months ago, the company asked us specifically to look for good and honest persons more than great programmers.

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He was told to look for good and honest people more than great, great programmers.

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I can attest to companies doing this personally.

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A job I had in the past as a site reliability engineer did just that.

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The CTO landed a new contract.

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They needed like 30 people, local people.

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We had to go into the office, but he went on LinkedIn.

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He found a bunch of people in my city, me being one of them.

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He reached out, called me on the phone, told me the situation, and told me the company's philosophy,

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which was we look for good people who can easily learn the stuff.

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He said a lot of companies, they want the best programmers.

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They don't care about the people themselves or their personalities.

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They just want the best programmers.

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This company flipped all of that and is looking for good people who love to learn, are easily teachable, and don't have attitudes.

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So we talked.

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Things went really well.

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I still had the coding exam, but I got the job despite not really being qualified as an SRE.

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I was a developer.

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But they were looking for good people who were eager to learn and weren't toxic to be around.

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A bad attitude or lying could imply an immediate elimination from a selection process.

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Lying, too.

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I always recommend the book, How to Win Friends and Influence People.

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It's one of those books that everybody should read to have better relationships in life.

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That happens to be a book we're just finishing up in the Travis Media community.

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It's a good one.

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You should read it.

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Before we get to lesson four, quick intermission.

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What should a junior mid -read to become a senior?

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Here are some fantastic resources to grow as a senior developer.

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I'll put links to these below because this article is a member -only article.

161

Some of you may not be members, but they're really good.

162

You could use AI to simulate an interview.

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Here's some websites a programmer should visit.

164

But these community -driven roadmaps are really neat.

165

Just wanted to mention it real quick.

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If you need a roadmap for learning some technology, let's say you want to learn JavaScript, just go down here, click JavaScript Roadmap.

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Takes you to a site called roadmap .sh slash JavaScript.

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And you just start from the beginning.

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So introduction to JavaScript.

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What is JavaScript?

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History of JavaScript.

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Once you're done with that, you move on to all about variables.

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You learn about variable declarations, hoisting, and you just continue to go down the line until you know everything about the language.

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Use this tool to go deeper with the language, as we mentioned in Lesson 2.

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Lesson 4 is, what about my coding skills?

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So far, we've mainly been talking about communication skills, knowledge skills, being able to carry on a technical conversation.

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We often think we just need to know all the algorithms and they'll love us, but that isn't the case.

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It's both, and often we tip the scales more on the technical stuff, for lack of the communication stuff.

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But we do need the coding skills.

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So this author recommends LeetCode.

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I think everybody's recommending LeetCode Premium.

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I bought LeetCode Premium some months ago.

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It was a great decision to land my current job.

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On your way, you'll discover interesting math, curiosities, patterns, and optimizations from other users.

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Not an affiliate.

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I have no incentive to tell you this.

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That's just what he recommends.

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Simulating an interview from a big company can also be useful to understand how they're structured.

189

Lesson five, the hard but understandable truth.

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This is very important you simply may not be the right profile for the company

191

it's not you it's me right no seriously quit beating yourself up

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because you sucked everyone sucks at the coding interview

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i actually have a really old video that's a bit cringy about

194

when i really bombed an interview in the past

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i'll put a link to it above even after reading a lot of material

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Practicing every day and having a lot of experience you could be rejected

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because you're just not the right profile for the company

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So lesson five is that you may do great at the interview

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You may be expecting to land the job and then you get the bad news

200

But you have to remember that it may just be that you weren't a good fit for that role

201

Nothing to do with your skills nothing to do with you personally

202

But that company has a profile certain profile they want to fill

203

and maybe you just weren't that the only things you can expect from yourself

204

Are resilience and persistence those are not only the skills

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that will secure your job in the future but they also are the main skills we expect from a senior engineer.

206

If you found this video helpful, give it a thumbs up, consider subscribing to the channel, and I'll see you in the next video.

207

Thanks for watching.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “5 Coding Interview Tips From A Senior Engineer”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: learn, interview, language, lesson. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 207개와 단어 2403개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 10:42입니다. 화자는 분당 약 225단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 단어의 85%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
lesson 명사	/ˈlɛs.ən/	수업, 과
skill 명사	/skɪl/	기술, 스킬
programmer 명사	/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/	프로그래머
methodology 명사	/ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/	방법론
principle 명사	/ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/	원리, 원칙
suck 동사	/sʌk/	빨다
resource 명사	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	자원
toxic 형용사	/ˈtɒk.sɪk/	유독 한
algorithm 명사	/ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/	알고리즘, 알고리듬
scarce 형용사	/ˈskɛɚs/	드문
interviewer 명사	/ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/	면접관
label 명사	/ˈleɪ.bəl/	라벨, 레이블
discover 동사	/dɪˈskʌvə/	발견하다
salary 명사	/ˈsæləɹi/	급료, 봉급
feedback 명사	/ˈfiːdˌbæk/	피드백, 비평

영상에 나오는 구동사

단어	뜻
go down 동사	내려가다

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

I'm still using the same questions.
Lesson two, how well do you know your language?
We'll get back to that guide in a minute.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료진행 have/has been + -ing — 전에 시작해 지금도 계속되는 동작	I've been interviewing · I've been turning · we've mainly been talking
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	people who conduct · article, which can · someone that can
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	are meant · is told · are currently built
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	have developed · I've found · has been

주의할 발음

화자는 you're, I'll, don't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 47번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, math /mæθ/, thumb /ˈθʌm/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: optimization /ˌɑptəmaɪˈzeɪʃən/, declaration /ˌdɛk.ləˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, elimination /ɪlɪmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/, rejection /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, organizational /ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, optimization /ˌɑptəmaɪˈzeɪʃən/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, feedback /ˈfiːdˌbæk/, filter /ˈfɪltɚ/, flip /flɪp/, qualify /ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪ/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, travis /ˈtɹeɪvəs/, variable [ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩], interviewer /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/, optimization /ˌɑptəmaɪˈzeɪʃən/, exam /ɪɡˈzæm/, exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, lesson, skill, programmer 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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