쉐도잉 연습: How to Think Fast Before You Speak: Framework Thinking - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

why do some people always know what to say it seems

like they're never flustered they can always answer questions on the fly i thought it was high iq

but it turns out

that we can train our brains to do the same as well welcome back to my channel i'm vicky

and today we are talking about the one thing you can

train your brain on in order to think fast before you

speak in the last video we talked about the one thing you need to focus on

when you're under high pressure and that is steer, don't follow.

In a nutshell, it means that when the other person is giving you pressure and you don't know where you're going, you want to be able to take back the control

and steer the conversation towards what you want to talk about instead of just following their logic.

If you want to see the details, you can check out this video below.

I'll put the link in the description as well.

But before you go, I want to talk about why a lot of people struggle with making sure they steer

and not follow.

And that's because a lot of people feel like it's hard to find a point they can steer the conversation towards.

They have to scramble and think, okay, where do I want this conversation to go?

So today we'll address exactly that.

The reason a lot of us find it really difficult to steer a conversation on the fly towards a point

that we want to talk about is because we haven't disciplined our mind to think in frameworks.

Frameworks are structures to help organize your thoughts so that you can identify the key levers that influence a result.

I think it's also important to reason from first principles rather than by analogy

because it's kind of mentally easier to reason by analogy rather than from first principles

but you kind of boil things down to the most fundamental truths

and say okay what are we sure is true

or as sure as possible is true

and then reason up from there for example revenue equals number

of units times price this is a framework for knowing what

influences revenue right there are only two things either you sell more units

or you increase the price or you increase both

so whenever someone talks about how can my company make more

money you know exactly what to say doesn't matter what version of the story it is

if their question is about revenue

and they want to know how to grow it it's very

simple you either talk about the number of units they can sell how they can increase

that or increase their price and how they might do that

or even increase both if there's an opportunity to do so

so immediately any question

that talks about revenue you can always bring it back to these two levers number of units

and price so simple right

so now it doesn't matter what people throw at you in terms of a company making revenue doesn't matter

if they say the vision of this and the strategic priorities of

that and the marketing creatives of this and

that doesn't matter you always come back to either number of units sold the price

or both of them

and the goal for framework thinking is to have a library of these frameworks on topics

that are important to you that you can talk about

and pro tip if you can connect different frameworks then the amount of depth

and insights you can provide is even greater let me give you just a simple example

so we talked about revenue

but a lot of people are want to focus on profits as well right

so how can i make more money to take home now

here you can use the very simple framework again profit equals

revenue minus cost revenue we've already talked about costs you can separate it into marginal cost

and fixed cost so now

if people want to talk about how can i make more

profits you know exactly again what to talk about you have to increase your revenue

or you have to decrease your cost

and pick one to focus on then you can double click into

that topic right now you've got the revenue framework you can say

if you want to increase your revenue let's look at how

many units are you selling what is the price what can we how can we tweak these things right or

if you want to talk about cost you can say okay

let's look at the cost structure where can you take things out right is it in the fixed cost

or is it in the marginal cost and this way now

if people ask you you know how can i make more

money you know exactly what to talk about you can use

these frameworks as almost an assessment tell me your situation

and i will tell you what you can tweak so

that in essence is you know how consulting firms sell hundreds

of thousands of dollars of projects millions of dollars of projects

based on frameworks like this as Charlie Munger says you can't really know anything

if you just remember isolated facts and try to bang them back

if the facts don't hang together on the latticework of theory you don't have them in a useful form.

To think fast, you need to put your knowledge

into frameworks sort them organize them

so you can very quickly recall what you want to talk about what are the key levers

that make sense

so where do you find these frameworks they don't really teach

them in school right well there are two ways i'll share with you

and the first one is to create them yourself

and it's really not

that hard hear me out here apple teaches their employees with

Picasso's art the bowl Picasso was drawing these bowls trying to

capture the essence of it he calls the spirit of the beast

and as you see at the beginning everything is very realistic there's a lot of detail

but as he iterates he tries to bring it down to the skull

and eventually down to something very abstract just a few lines

right to represent the horns to represent the body to represent the legs and

so we want to do the same things distill the things

we know down to the very essence of it once you know the essence then you can think faster right

because all you need to look for in your brain is a structure

and not just one piece of information that takes a lot of sorting through

that takes a lot of memory space but

if you're just looking for one structure it's a lot quicker

and that's how people think fast on their feet for example I work in business storytelling

and there are quite a few frameworks for that.

One of the ones I use is ethos, pathos, and logos, which means credibility, emotions, and logic.

Now, whenever people come to me with a question about, hey, why is my presentation not very compelling?

Why don't people take action when they visit my website?

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Or why is my marketing message not working?

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I start there, right?

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Let's look at the three levers and let's see what you're doing right now.

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By seeing the essence of something and then having multiple frameworks

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that connect you're going to be able to talk about a variety of things very quickly

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because you know the structures and you can connect them together.

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Now

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if you feel like whoa this is way too much work

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I don't want to start from scratch that's okay let's talk about the second way of finding frameworks.

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Finding hidden frameworks on the internet.

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Now why do I say hidden?

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Because we're not trained to thinking frameworks.

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When we find information on the internet, most of the authors who have done a lot of condensing and finding the key levers to problems, they don't call it a framework.

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So all you have to do is take that information

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and structure it so that it becomes a framework for you to reference very easily

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when you are thinking fast before you talk.

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Let's use an example to make this more concrete.

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Say you're talking about how to make money doing what you

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love right there isn't per se a framework out there on google

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but there is this concept of ikigai

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which means like the purpose of your life in japanese

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and already ikigai breaks down the four elements the four key

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levers you need in order to make money doing what you

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love they are what you love what you're good at what you can be paid for

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and what the world needs so easy all the work is done for you, all you need to do is just remember

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that there are four levers there and you make that connection between the four levers and the topic, which is how to make money doing what you love.

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So now whenever people ask you, hey, I hate my job.

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I don't know what to do.

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How can I be happy and make money doing what I really love?

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You can just take these four levers

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and talk them through it of course the information you provide

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might still be very surface level right unless you have the expertise you have the experience

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so with that in mind really it's about building

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that library of frameworks so that you can expand the things

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that you can talk about very comfortably and then you have the direction knowing

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which areas which topics which levers i need to look further into in order to expand.

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If you're interested in learning more mental models or frameworks, let me know in the comments below.

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I can always share the ones I use almost on a daily basis.

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And if you found this helpful, please give this a thumbs up.

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Subscribe if you haven't already.

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It really helps the channel and I'll see you in the next video.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “How to Think Fast Before You Speak: Framework Thinking”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: framework, cost, revenue, conversation, units. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 25개와 단어 1074개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 9:23입니다. 화자는 분당 약 114단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요. 전체 25문장 중 4문장이 질문이어서 의문문 억양과 짧은 대답을 연습하기에 좋습니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
lever 명사	/ˈliː.və/	지레
essence 명사	/ˈɛsəns/	본질
topic 명사	/ˈtɑpɪk/	화제, 주제
connect 동사	/kəˈnɛkt/	잇다, 연결하다
principle 명사	/ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/	원리, 원칙
organize 동사	/ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/	조직하다
analogy 명사	/əˈnæləd͡ʒi/	유추
element 명사	/ˈɛləmənt/	요소
priority 명사	/pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/	우선, 우선권
expand 동사	/ɪkˈspænd/	펴다, 피다
fundamental 형용사	/ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/	기본적
bang 명사	/ˈbæŋ/	쾅
explore 동사	/ɪkˈsploɹ/	탐험하다
presentation 명사	/ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/	증정
beast 명사	/biːst/	짐승, 야수

영상에 나오는 구동사

단어	뜻
take back 동사	되찾다

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

Today, we’ll address exactly that.
We’ve already discussed revenue, so let’s talk about costs.
For revenue, you’ll look at units sold and price.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	haven't disciplined · we've already talked · have done
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	can be paid · is done
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	logos, which means · topic, which is

주의할 발음

화자는 you're, don't, isn't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 30번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“th” 소리: thumb /ˈθʌm/, ethos /ˈiθɑs/, pathos /ˈpeɪˌθɑs/
“sh”와 “zh” 소리: presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, actionable /ˈæk.ʃə.nə.bəl/, iteration /ˌɪt.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, nutshell /ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, unexpected /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/, credibility /kɹɛd.əˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: framework /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/, fluster /ˈflʌstəɹ/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: lever /ˈliː.və/, involve /ɪnˈvɑlv/, dive /daɪv/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, presentation /ˌpɹɛzn̩ˈteɪʃn̩/, expertise /ˌɛkspɜːˈtiːz/, analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, lever, essence, topic 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

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