쉐도잉 연습: These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer | Deep Look - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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1
Those aren't cornflakes.
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This rock is absolutely covered with tiny marine flatworms called acyles.
3
They're not just an animal.
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They're also kind of a plant.
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And they're practically immortal.
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They use simple eyes called ocelli to seek out the sunniest spots on tropical coral reefs,
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where they spread themselves out like beach blankets.
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But they don't just lay around sunbathing all day.
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Aseals are also skilled hunters.
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They catch prey by engulfing them with their body and jamming them into their mouth.
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You can see their meal trying in vain to escape.
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Also, they don't have a butt.
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Their poop just goes right back out through their mouth.
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So you wouldn't want to kiss one.
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They aren't just hunters.
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These acyls are gardeners, too.
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See those green dots?
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Those are algae.
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And those reddish cells belong to the acyl itself.
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When the sun hits our flatworm friend, the algae inside produce sugars through photosynthesis.
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This is a waste.
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Researchers think they share those sugars with their host.
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In return, the acyl provides its, um, waste, which is kind of like fertilizer for the algae.
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And the acyl protects its houseguests.
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Researchers think the acyls pack toxic chemicals in those reddish cells.
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So predators tend to leave them alone.
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Without its algae, the acyl would eventually die, even if it had plenty of prey to eat.
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Scientists call a creature like this a Holobiant — a single being made up of two or more completely different species.
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In this case, a solar -powered predator.
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But that's not even the weirdest thing about them.
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Researchers at Stanford University and the University of San Francisco are studying A -seals because of how they regenerate.
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And to do that?
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It'll be okay.
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I promise.
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You'd think getting cut in half would be a bad thing.
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But within minutes, the wounded front half seals up.
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In a couple days, it'll have a whole new tail. And the backside?
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It doesn't just make a new head.
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It makes two!
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But it's hard to share one body with two heads.
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So each half eventually pulls away from the other.
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Where there was once one acyl, now there are three.
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What seemed like a moment of doom was actually one of rebirth.
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But they don't need the researcher's scalpel.
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Aseals can drop their tail and clone themselves on their own.
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The Aseal and its algae can multiply themselves like this over and over, indefinitely, making them functionally immortal.
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Aseals can do this because they're packed with stem cells, which morph into any body part the Aseal needs to regrow.
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And since they can't hunt until they grow new heads, they're extra reliant on the energy they get from their algae.
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In these desperate times, the acyls even eat some of their algae.
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Sorry.
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Every relationship has its challenges.
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But the acyl and its algae have a deal.
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By taking advantage of each one's abilities, they're greater than the sum of their parts.
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Hey, it's Laura.
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Guess who else could be considered a holobiant?
56
You.
57
You've got a whole zoo of bacteria and other living things inside your gut that are vital to a healthy immune system, digestion, and even mood.
58
And if you want to keep
59
Deep Look healthy, support our show on Patreon.
60
For a very limited time, if you become a $10 a month Patreon supporter, you'll get a fabulous
61
Deep Look pint glass, and at $5 a month, a special Deep Look sticker.
62
We can't make these videos without you.
63
Join us on Patreon now.
64
Link in the description.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: acyl, algae, Aseal, Patreon, researchers. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 64개와 단어 591개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 5:03입니다. 화자는 분당 약 117단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 76%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| researcher 명사 | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | 연구원, 연구자 |
| tail 명사 | /ˈteɪ̯l/ | 꼬리 |
| seal 명사 | /siːl/ | 인장 |
| prey 명사 | /pɹeɪ/ | 먹이, 포획물 |
| immortal 형용사 | /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/ | 불사하다 |
| predator 명사 | /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ | 천적 |
| meal 명사 | /ˈmiːl/ | 끼니, 밥 |
| mood 명사 | /muːd/ | 기분 |
| skill 명사 | /skɪl/ | 기술, 스킬 |
| belong 동사 | /bɪˈlɒŋ/ | 속하다 |
| vital 형용사 | /ˈvaɪtəl/ | 생명의 |
| desperate 형용사 | /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹɪt/ | 필사적인, 절망적인 |
| butt 명사 | /bʌt/ | 엉덩이 |
| toxic 형용사 | /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ | 유독 한 |
| wound 명사 | /ˈwund/ | 상처, 부상 |
주의할 발음
화자는 they're, don't, aren't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 20번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/, rebirth /ɹiːˈbɜːθ/, sunbathe /ˈsʌnbeɪð/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, indefinitely /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪtli/, photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/, regenerate /ɹiːˈd͡ʒɛnəɹeɪt/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fabulous /ˈfæbjʊləs/, reef /ɹiːf/, indefinitely /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪtli/, flatworm /ˈflæt.wəɹm/, cornflakes /ˈkɔɹnfleɪks/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, vain /veɪn/
- /r/과 /l/ 구별하기: immortal /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, coral /ˈkɔɹəl/, flatworm /ˈflæt.wəɹm/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, researcher, tail, seal 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.