Pratique du Shadowing: These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer | Deep Look - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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64 phrases
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1
Those aren't cornflakes.
2
This rock is absolutely covered with tiny marine flatworms called acyles.
3
They're not just an animal.
4
They're also kind of a plant.
5
And they're practically immortal.
6
They use simple eyes called ocelli to seek out the sunniest spots on tropical coral reefs,
7
where they spread themselves out like beach blankets.
8
But they don't just lay around sunbathing all day.
9
Aseals are also skilled hunters.
10
They catch prey by engulfing them with their body and jamming them into their mouth.
11
You can see their meal trying in vain to escape.
12
Also, they don't have a butt.
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Their poop just goes right back out through their mouth.
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So you wouldn't want to kiss one.
15
They aren't just hunters.
16
These acyls are gardeners, too.
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See those green dots?
18
Those are algae.
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And those reddish cells belong to the acyl itself.
20
When the sun hits our flatworm friend, the algae inside produce sugars through photosynthesis.
21
This is a waste.
22
Researchers think they share those sugars with their host.
23
In return, the acyl provides its, um, waste, which is kind of like fertilizer for the algae.
24
And the acyl protects its houseguests.
25
Researchers think the acyls pack toxic chemicals in those reddish cells.
26
So predators tend to leave them alone.
27
Without its algae, the acyl would eventually die, even if it had plenty of prey to eat.
28
Scientists call a creature like this a Holobiant — a single being made up of two or more completely different species.
29
In this case, a solar -powered predator.
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But that's not even the weirdest thing about them.
31
Researchers at Stanford University and the University of San Francisco are studying A -seals because of how they regenerate.
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And to do that?
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It'll be okay.
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I promise.
35
You'd think getting cut in half would be a bad thing.
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But within minutes, the wounded front half seals up.
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In a couple days, it'll have a whole new tail. And the backside?
38
It doesn't just make a new head.
39
It makes two!
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But it's hard to share one body with two heads.
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So each half eventually pulls away from the other.
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Where there was once one acyl, now there are three.
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What seemed like a moment of doom was actually one of rebirth.
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But they don't need the researcher's scalpel.
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Aseals can drop their tail and clone themselves on their own.
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The Aseal and its algae can multiply themselves like this over and over, indefinitely, making them functionally immortal.
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Aseals can do this because they're packed with stem cells, which morph into any body part the Aseal needs to regrow.
48
And since they can't hunt until they grow new heads, they're extra reliant on the energy they get from their algae.
49
In these desperate times, the acyls even eat some of their algae.
50
Sorry.
51
Every relationship has its challenges.
52
But the acyl and its algae have a deal.
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By taking advantage of each one's abilities, they're greater than the sum of their parts.
54
Hey, it's Laura.
55
Guess who else could be considered a holobiant?
56
You.
57
You've got a whole zoo of bacteria and other living things inside your gut that are vital to a healthy immune system, digestion, and even mood.
58
And if you want to keep
59
Deep Look healthy, support our show on Patreon.
60
For a very limited time, if you become a $10 a month Patreon supporter, you'll get a fabulous
61
Deep Look pint glass, and at $5 a month, a special Deep Look sticker.
62
We can't make these videos without you.
63
Join us on Patreon now.
64
Link in the description.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « These Solar-Powered Carnivorous Flatworms Divide and Conquer ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : acyl, algae, Aseal, Patreon, researchers. Cette vidéo contient 64 phrases et 591 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:03. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 117 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. Seuls 76 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| researcher nom | /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ | chercheur, chercheuse |
| hunter nom | /ˈhʌntɚ/ | chien de chasse |
| tail nom | /ˈteɪ̯l/ | queue |
| seal nom | /siːl/ | sceau, cachet |
| prey nom | /pɹeɪ/ | proie |
| immortal adjectif | /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/ | immortel |
| predator nom | /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ | prédateur |
| meal nom | /ˈmiːl/ | repas |
| mood nom | /muːd/ | humeur, mauvaise humeur |
| skill nom | /skɪl/ | habileté, compétence |
| belong verbe | /bɪˈlɒŋ/ | avoir sa place |
| vital adjectif | /ˈvaɪtəl/ | vital |
| desperate adjectif | /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹɪt/ | désespéré |
| butt nom | /bʌt/ | cul, derrière |
| toxic adjectif | /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ | toxique |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 20 contractions et formes réduites, comme they're, don't, aren't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/, rebirth /ɹiːˈbɜːθ/, sunbathe /ˈsʌnbeɪð/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, indefinitely /ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪtli/, photosynthesis /ˌfoʊ.toʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs/, regenerate /ɹiːˈd͡ʒɛnəɹeɪt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hunter /ˈhʌntɚ/, houseguest /ˈhaʊsˌɡɛst/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, jam /ˈd͡ʒæm/, digestion /daɪˈd͡ʒɛst͡ʃən/, regenerate /ɹiːˈd͡ʒɛnəɹeɪt/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: researcher /ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/, prey /pɹeɪ/, immortal /ɪˈmɔɹtəl/, predator /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/, desperate /ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹɪt/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme researcher, hunter, tail.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.