쉐도잉 연습: Why Meat is the Best Worst Thing in the World 🍔 - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Humans love meat.
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Humans love meat.
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Steak, fried chicken, bacon, pork belly and sausages are just the best things.
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Eating meat has become so trivial that many people don't consider something a proper meal if there's no animal involved.
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Which is pretty amazing, since only a few decades ago meat was a luxury product.
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Today you can get a cheeseburger for a dollar.
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Paradoxically, meat is pretty much the most inefficient way of feeding humans.
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If we look at it on a global scale, our meaty diet is literally eating up the planet.
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Why is that and what can we do about it without giving up steak?
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Humans keep a lot of animals for food.
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Currently about 23 billion chickens, 1.5 billion cattle and roughly 1 billion pigs and sheep.
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That's a lot of mouths to feed, so we've transformed earth into a giant feeding ground.
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83% of its farmland is used for livestock, for example as pasture and to farm fodder crops like corn and soy.
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That's 26% of earth's total land area.
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If we include the water we need for these plants, meat and dairy production accounts for 27% of global fresh water consumption.
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Unfortunately, meat production is like a black hole for resources.
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Since animals are living things, most of their food is used to keep them alive while they grow their tasty parts.
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Only a fraction of the nutrients from fodder crops end up in the meat we buy in the end in the end.
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Cows, for example, convert only about 4% of the proteins
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and 3% of the calories of the plants we feed to them into beef.
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More than 97% of the calories are lost to us.
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To create one kilogram of steak, a cow needs to eat up to 25 kilos of grain and uses up to 15,000 liters of water.
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Animal products are guzzling up tons of food, but they only make up 18% of the the calories humans eat.
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According to projections, we could nourish an additional 3.5 billion people if we just ate the stuff we feed to animals.
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To make our favorite food group even more unsustainable, about 15% of all greenhouse gas emissions caused by humans are created by the meat industry,
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as much as by all ships, planes, trucks and cars combined.
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And there's another aspect to meat.
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It comes from actual living beings.
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Pigs, cattle and chicken are not the ones writing the history books, but if they were, humans would appear as rampant genocidal maniacs that thrive on suffering.
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Globally we kill about 200 million animals every day.
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About 74 billion a year.
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This means that every one and a half years,
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we kill more animals than people have lived in the entire 200,000 year history of humanity.
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One could argue that we're doing them a favor, after all they wouldn't exist without us.
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We might eat them in the end, but we also provide food and shelter and the gift of existence to them.
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Unfortunately, we're not very nice gods.
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A lot of our meat comes from factory farms, huge industrial systems that house thousands of animals.
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Engineered to be as efficient as possible, they have little regard for things like quality of life.
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Most pigs are raised in gigantic windowless sheds and never get to see the sun.
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Sows are kept in pens too small to turn around, where they give birth to one litter of piglets after another until it's their turn to be turned into bacon.
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Dairy cows are forced to breed continually to ensure their milk supply, but are separated from their calves hours after birth.
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To fasten up beef cattle for slaughter, they're put in feedlots, confined pens where they can't roam, and put on weight more quickly.
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To make it possible to keep them so tightly together Without dying of diseases, the majority of antibiotics we use are for livestock,
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up to 80% in the US.
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Which helps in the short term, but also fuels antibiotic resistances.
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But the ones that may have got the worst deal are chickens.
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In factory farms, they're kept in such vast numbers and
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so close to each other that they can't form the social structures they have in nature.
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So they start attacking each other.
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To stop that, we cut their beaks and claws.
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Male chickens are deemed worthless since they can't lay eggs and are not suitable for meat production.
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So within minutes after birth, they're usually gassed and shredded in grinders.
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Several hundred million baby chickens are killed this way each year.
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Even if you had a personal score to settle with chickens, how we treat them is beyond broken.
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So, better buy organic meat, where animals are treated nicely, right?
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Organic farming regulations are designed to grant animals a minimum of comfort.
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The problem is that organic is an elastic term.
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According to EU regulations, an organic hen still might share one square meter of space with five others.
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That's a long way off from happy farmyard chickens.
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Farms that sincerely do their best do exist, of course.
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But meat is still a business.
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An organic label is a way to charge more money
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and countless scandals have revealed producers looking for ways to cheat the system.
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And while organic meat might be less cruel, it needs even more resources than conventional meat production.
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So buying organic is still preferable, but does not grant you moral absolution.
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The truth is, if suffering were a resource, we would create billions of tons of it per year.
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The way we treat animals will probably be one of the things future generations will look down on in disgust.
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While all these things are true, something else is true too.
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Milk is amazing.
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Burgers are the best food.
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Chicken wings taste great.
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Meat satisfies something buried deep in our lizard brain.
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We hardly ever see how our meat is made, we just eat it and love it.
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It creates joy, it brings us together for family meals and barbecue parties.
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Eating meat doesn't make you a bad person, not eating meat doesn't make you a good one.
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Life is complicated and so is the world we've created.
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So, how should we deal with the fact that meat is extremely unsustainable and a sort of horrible torture?
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For now, the easiest option is opting out more often.
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Taking a meat-free day per week already makes a difference.
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If you want to eat meat produced with less suffering, try to buy from trusted producers with a good track record, even if it costs more.
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To make an impact on the environment, go for chicken and pig rather than lamb and beef, as they convert their feed more efficiently into meat.
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And if you're going to have your steak, you should eat it too.
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An average American throws out nearly a pound of food per day, a lot of which is meat.
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In the future, science could get us clean meat.
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Various startups have successfully grown meat in labs and are working on doing so on a commercial scale.
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But solutions like this are still a few years away.
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For now, enjoy your steak, but also respect it.
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And if you can, make it something special again.

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  • Passive voice: "animals are raised in gigantic windowless sheds" - 수동태를 사용하여 동물들이 어떻게 기르는지 설명합니다. 이는 과학적이고 객관적인 톤을 부여합니다.
  • Comparative structures: "more than 97% of the calories are lost" - 비교 구조를 사용하여 단순한 사실을 명확히 전달하며 수치 정보를 제시합니다.
  • Causal relationships: "since animals are living things" - 'since'를 사용해 인과관계를 설명하며, 조건부 문장을 통해 논리적으로 설명합니다.

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  • Calorie - '켈로리'라고 발음되며, 정확한 발음을 위해 강조하는 것이 중요합니다.
  • Sausage - '소세지'는 빠르게 말할 경우 발음이 흐트러질 수 있으므로 천천히 여러 번 연습해야 합니다.
  • Greenhouse gas - '온실가스'는 연속해서 발음할 때 길게 늘어지는 경향이 있으니 주의가 필요합니다.

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