Shadowing Practice: How I Survived Late-Stage Cancer (A Fun Story) - Learn English Speaking with Video
Kies een oefenmodus
Elke modus opent een volledig scherm oefenruimte.
182 zinnen
Als zinnen te kort of te lang zijn, klik op Bewerken om ze aan te passen.
1
This is not a sad story.
2
Going through chemotherapy was one of the most interesting experiences of my life, and my most vivid memory is very funny.
3
In 2018, I was being treated for stage 3b testicular cancer that had metastasized into a few lymph nodes in my lung.
4
Very serious business, unfortunately.
5
Boys and men, check your testicles tonight.
6
One day, my doctor was about to punish my body with a fresh dose of cisplatin, a cytotoxic hazardous chemotherapy agent,
7
one of the absolutely worst ones.
8
Controlled medical violence.
9
The villain and hero of this story.
10
My buddy cisplatin came in a green, opaque 2 -liter bag directly from the fridge.
11
The doctor connected the infusion to the central venous access in my chest, a tube that led directly to my heart.
12
But then… A short moment of inattention and disaster struck.
13
A single drop of the icy liquid escaped.
14
She panicked for a second, checking frantically if the liquid had landed on her doubly -gloved hands or her skin.
15
But luckily, it had missed.
16
I had to laugh at the scene.
17
My doctor, who I trusted deeply, was terrified of a single drop of cisplatin.
18
And I was about to have a whole bag flushed directly into my heart
19
so it would spread to every last nook and cranny of my body.
20
And then again tomorrow.
21
Yeah, sure, let's go.
22
But seriously, how absurd is it that this stuff is medicine?
23
So let me tell you the story of a revolutionary chemical
24
that was almost discarded as a failure because it was too brutal, too toxic, too dangerous.
25
A molecule that punched me in the face and wrecked my body, and then saved my life and millions more.
26
Cisplatin, the super toxic wonder drug.
27
Cisplatin is a heavy metal compound, a tiny molecule with a platinum atom at its center that looks like a quadcopter.
28
Its success story, like many medical breakthroughs, began with an accident.
29
In the 1960s, physicist Barnett Rosenberg wanted to see if he could manipulate living beings with electricity and learn interesting things,
30
because why not?
31
Well, it turns out electricity did nothing, but instead he found something huge.
32
The bacteria in a solution with platinum electrodes turned into spaghetti, 300 times longer, but way more important, they stopped multiplying.
33
It turned out platinum molecules did that.
34
At the time, chemotherapy was gaining popularity as a treatment for cancer.
35
Any chemical that stopped cell division was a potential candidate.
36
Rosenberg felt like he should inject cisplatin into mice with cancer to see what happened, because why not?
37
And, oh boy, did things happen.
38
While high doses turned out to be deadly to the poor rodents, On lower doses, their tumors shrank, didn't come back, and the mice survived.
39
Until they were cut open to make sure, of course.
40
But it would be a pretty rocky path from mice to human medical trials.
41
Many experts were skeptical.
42
Heavy metals are notoriously toxic and not worth the risk.
43
But Rosenberg kept pushing and lobbying, at one point calling drug developers weakly until cisplatin was finally tested in humans.
44
And, well, things went horribly.
45
Cisplatin was used on a wide variety of patients with different cancer types.
46
Not only did the heavy metal not really slow down most cancers, it kind of killed some patients.
47
In early studies, up to 75 % of patients got severe kidney damage.
48
It's hard to prove if that's what killed them, though, as they were already dying of cancer.
49
And then, an astonishing study rocked the medical world.
50
11 patients with advanced testicular cancer, the most common cancer among young men, received cisplatin.
51
Six responded somewhat and three went into complete remission.
52
In more human words, they were cured.
53
This was unheard of.
54
Until this moment, metastatic testicular cancer was super deadly.
55
95 % of all men who got it died.
56
Three out of 11 recoveries, from the very late stage no less, was a medical breakthrough.
57
Another one made cisplatin finally bearable.
58
A new protocol of massive over -hydration.
59
Basically, the patient would be flooded with liters and liters of fluid to flush the cisplatin out of the kidneys.
60
If you're wondering, yes, this means that you pee all day and night.
61
The game for test it.
62
Cancer flipped.
63
Today it has a 95 % survival rate, even when it's spread widely across the body already.
64
And platinum drugs are a backbone of a large fraction of chemotherapies of all kinds.
65
Okay, but what does cisplatin actually do that makes it so effective against testicular cancer in particular?
66
What cisplatin actually does inside your body?
67
Cisplatin can be injected into a central venous access, a sort of hub that can be inserted easily and leads straight into the heart,
68
which means that it's immediately and rapidly distributed.
69
Because cisplatin is served ice cold, you feel it spread all over your body, cooling you from the inside.
70
Pretty weird sensation.
71
The immediate effect is nothing much.
72
In the first few hours, about 90 % of the cisplatin molecule binds to the plasma of your blood and is for now inactive.
73
Over the next few days, it's slowly being released from the plasma and showers your body with a constant barrage of poison.
74
All while your kidneys are working at maximum capacity to remove it from your body as quickly as they can
75
so you can pee it out.
76
The 10 % cisplatin that doesn't bind to plasma passes from your blood into your tissue and organs, where it finally enters your cells.
77
The membranes of cells are well -protected fortresses that carefully monitor who's allowed in, but they can't stop cisplatin.
78
It simply diffuses into the cell, with some of it even actively hauled in.
79
Inside the cell, it sheds its chloride ions and connects to water molecules, like a grenade ejecting its safety.
80
Cisplatin is now chemically active.
81
Again, this should trigger emergency protocols, but thanks to its tininess, the poison escapes detection and passes through another line of defense,
82
the nucleus, home of your DNA.
83
Here, it finally causes catastrophic damage.
84
Your DNA is a 2 -meter -long zipper, bundled up neatly and orderly.
85
Cisplatin is like chewing gum that gets inside zipper teeth and hardens, clumping up parts that don't belong together.
86
This is an emergency because it critically interrupts the cell's ability to read and copy DNA.
87
Your cell is now on an urgent timer.
88
Fix this or die.
89
Repair molecules spring into action but the chaos and damage is severe and very hard to fix.
90
Cells that don't need to divide quickly, say in your muscles, can slow down their metabolism, stop replicating and start repairing.
91
Bit by bit they fix the genetic damage, removing the cisplatin.
92
They'll mostly be fine.
93
But there are cells that need to replicate quickly.
94
The cells that make your hair grow, the lining of your gut, the taste buds of your tongue,
95
your bone marrow that makes red and white blood cells.
96
All of them are factories producing new cells constantly and they now have a fundamental problem.
97
Their internal replication clock doesn't stop.
98
Their DNA needs to be copied, and right now, this is not possible.
99
So if the damage is too heavy, apoptosis is triggered.
100
Programmed cell death.
101
If a cell thinks it's damaged too much and destroys itself, this means it's working as intended.
102
It sacrifices itself to protect the larger whole.
103
And now, this is happening all over your body.
104
Billions of cells start dying, creating all the side effects of chemotherapy therapy.
105
Which is the point, because your cancer cells are extremely not ready for any of this.
106
As we have explained in detail before, cancer cells are broken cells.
107
In a nutshell, their self -destruction button is broken, they are really bad at fixing their own genetic damage and they literally can't slow down.
108
The reason cisplatin is so incredibly effective against testicular cancer is
109
because it has an unusual vulnerability that other cancer types don't have.
110
Most testicular cancer cells are born from germ cells.
111
Specialists made for the reproduction of the whole gigantic organism.
112
Reproduction is the whole point for all living things so the responsibility is huge.
113
For germ cells the integrity of their DNA is a critical priority.
114
Even small mistakes could introduce genetic damage into the bloodline and weaken it.
115
So they constantly scan themselves and tolerate almost no errors.
116
When cisplatin wrecks their DNA, testicular cancer cells still remember their original purpose of protecting genetic integrity and destroy themselves,
117
thinking they're preventing damaged material being passed on to the next generation.
118
Your tumors collapse no matter where in the body cancer cells have escaped to.
119
And this is what happened inside my body.
120
Over the span of just six weeks, the chemo completely eliminated a cancer that would have been a death sentence a few decades earlier.
121
The lymph nodes full of cancer were completely dissolved.
122
A bit of scar tissue remains in my lung.
123
The side effects were not fun, and I'll spare you the details.
124
But I want you to know that just in the last few years, drugs against chemo side effects have improved massively.
125
They made the experience bearable.
126
The anti -nausea drugs worked so well, I didn't have to vomit once.
127
If you ever have to go through the same treatment for testicular cancer, please know that you can do it.
128
Just take it day by day.
129
My cancer has not returned since.
130
Final thoughts At no point of this entire ordeal did I hate my cancer cells.
131
It wasn't their fault that they were broken, and they didn't know better.
132
But it also didn't matter.
133
Cancer never wins because it can't live without you.
134
Either you both die, or you live.
135
Eight years have passed since my meeting with Cisplatin.
136
Human brains determine your happiness by comparing your life to your past.
137
I remember one specific day in early fall, sitting in a cafe in Munich.
138
My hair was coming back, and my sense of taste had finally fully returned.
139
Feeling the sun while having the most delicious croissant and cappuccino of my life, waiting for a close friend to join me.
140
A sensation of immense gratitude filled my body and has remained with me ever since.
141
I'm not grateful for having had cancer, not even a little, But I'm grateful for how it changed my outlook on life.
142
For me, the best way to process this extreme emotional whiplash was to learn more about my body.
143
This is why Kurzgesagt is obsessed with disease videos.
144
Why I wrote a book about the immune system.
145
To make disease and medicine less mysterious.
146
To learn how we're inching relentlessly towards a world where we will be able to cure all diseases.
147
Cisplatin did cure me.
148
It would have been nice if it could have done so without kicking me in the face repeatedly.
149
But oh well, it did save my life.
150
This strange, wonderful, horrible substance.
151
Thanks, Sisplatin.
152
I hope we never meet again.
153
Kurzgesagt isn't just a YouTube channel.
154
It's a complex company with multiple departments, an online shop, accounting, logistics, dozens of employees, and a whole lot of unsexy paperwork.
155
Even in less eventful times, that's a lot to juggle.
156
That's why we recommend Adu to anyone trying to turn their dream into a business.
157
Adu is an all -in -one management software that helps you run your business day -to -day.
158
We know how crazy things can get when you're just trying to make something.
159
And with over 70 user -friendly apps, Adu lets you handle everything from accounting and inventory to website and human resources, all on a single platform.
160
For example, you can build a website in just a few minutes.
161
Simply choose your business type and positioning, pick your colors and choose a theme, and you're live.
162
Plus, all apps are fully integrated.
163
Let's take a concrete example.
164
If you add e -commerce to your site, every sale automatically generates an invoice and updates your inventory in real time.
165
You can use one app for free because your first Adoo app is free forever with unlimited support and hosting included.
166
And when your business grows, Adoo grows with you.
167
Just add more apps as you need them.
168
Access to all applications starts at just $24 .90 a month.
169
Spend less time on the tedious stuff and more time on what you love.
170
Try it today.
171
Every year we celebrate innovation, ingenuity and life itself with our human era calendar.
172
This time we honor the dark tales and legends that helped our ancestors make sense of the world before science.
173
Twelve breathtaking artworks of humanity's most curious legends will inspire you throughout the year
174
and take you on a journey through forgotten worlds and human imagination.
175
It's an eye -catcher for any room and a conversation starter, but also a statement for science and human craft.
176
The calendar is our most cherished release every year.
177
By buying it and other products from our shop, you fund our independent channels and help us release videos for free for everyone.
178
Thank you so much.
179
Get your human era calendar from the Kurzgesagt shop.
180
You want to listen to the beautiful soundtrack without my annoying voice?
181
Hmm, well it's up to you.
182
Just select the audio track Interlingua down here, and watch the video again as a music video.
App downloaden
Alles wat je nodig hebt om vloeiend te spreken
AI UitspraakScoor elke zin
IPA OefeningBeheers elk geluid
WoordenschatBouw je woordenschat op
WoordenspelLeren terwijl je speelt
Zelfde Kanaal
C117
Queen Ant Clones Another Species
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
How Caffeine Works
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B232
Your Skeleton Is Electric
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B237
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C1118
Could Humans Evolve Flight?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
You Will Only Like Half of This Video
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C112
Would You Upload Your Mind?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Your Brain on Magic Mushrooms
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C136
Why Ebola Keeps Coming Back
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Let’s Steal a New Moon
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What Happens AFTER Nuclear War?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C118
What Falling in Love Does to You
University StudentsWorking Adults
B26
YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What Is Life? Is Death Real?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1149
How Antidepressants Work
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C173
We Won’t Explore the Galaxy...
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B26
Dozens of Nukes Are Missing. Why? HOW?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B265
What the Flu Does to Your Body
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Aanbevolen Video
B22
630 zinnen
25 Brutal Truths a Breast Surgeon Learned about Breast Cancer
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
12 zinnen
Spicy Plate #chrisboden #comedy #radioactive #physics #radiation #nuclear #uranium #fiestaware
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
196 zinnen
The Most Incredible Cave Rescues Ever
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
256 zinnen
Why Americans are injecting themselves with unregulated ‘miracle’ drugs | On the Ground
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
272 zinnen
I Defeated The Prison Boss And Became Their King - Stories For Men
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
97 zinnen
How to Speed Run Getting Cancer - Goblins Guide
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
203 zinnen
One of these celebs used to work for the CIA
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
15 zinnen
SurGenTec Bioskills lab
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
205 zinnen
Truly EVIL Human Experiments That Actually Happened
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C13
171 zinnen
This Woman Cured Her Cancer with an Insane Method
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
78 zinnen
Day in the Life as a Doctor
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
373 zinnen
Kumail Nanjiani's Handsome Squidward Paradigm Shift
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles is gebaseerd op de video “How I Survived Late-Stage Cancer”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: cisplatin, cancer, cell, testicular. Deze video bevat 154 zinnen en 2199 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 14:36. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 151 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. Slechts 79% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| chemotherapy zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˌkiːməʊˈθɛɹəpi/ | chemokuur, chemotherapie |
| molecule zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | molecuul |
| genetic bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/ | genetisch |
| platinum zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/ | platina |
| cure werkwoord | /kjɔː/ | genezen, helen |
| mouse zelfstandig naamwoord | /maʊs/ | muis |
| toxic bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ | giftig, toxisch |
| dose zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈdəʊ̯s/ | dosis |
| kidney zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈkɪdni/ | nier |
| plasma zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈplæzmə/ | plasma |
| legend zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənd/ | legende |
| liquid zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈlɪk.wɪd/ | vloeistof |
| grateful bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈɡɹeɪtf(ə)l/ | dankbaar |
| tissue zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ | weefsel |
| trigger zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/ | trekker |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| slow down werkwoord | afremmen |
| come back werkwoord | terugkomen |
| turn out werkwoord | uitvallen, resulteren |
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | being treated · were cut · was finally tested |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | have explained · have escaped · have improved |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 18 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals can't, didn't, don't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De “th”-klanken: chemotherapy /ˌkiːməʊˈθɛɹəpi/, breakthrough /ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/, breathtaking /ˈbɹɛθˌteɪ.kɪŋ/
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, sensation /sɛnˈseɪʃən/, flush /ˈflʌʃ/, reproduction /ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: chemotherapy /ˌkiːməʊˈθɛɹəpi/, electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, integrity /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəti/, reproduction /ˌɹiːpɹəˈdʌkʃən/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: legend /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənd/, liquid /ˈlɪk.wɪd/, node /noʊd/, tube /tuːb/, flood /flʌd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: platinum /ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/, plasma /ˈplæzmə/, happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, rapidly /ˈɹæpɪdli/, craft /ˈkɹæft/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: grateful /ˈɡɹeɪtf(ə)l/, trigger /ˈtɹɪɡɚ/, integrity /ɪnˈtɛɡɹəti/, organ /ˈɔːɡən/, gratitude /ˈɡɹæ.tɪ.tud/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als chemotherapy, molecule, genetic.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.