Shadowing Practice: The Secret to Fixing Your Adulthood - Learn English Speaking with Video
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At a particular age, you have to do a particular thing.
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And once you learn how to do that thing, then you can move on.
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And so we have a series of challenges in life.
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And when we fail to do a thing, we actually become developmentally stuck.
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And we have to sort of like fix that later in life.
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So if you missed a childhood, is there an element of accepting that that's gone?
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Absolutely.
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But growing into healing can grow into loss
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or growing into healing can grow into fullness
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which from a simple standpoint is like what we call a corrective emotional experience in order to become an adult
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you got to learn to let go of
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that childhood you didn't get like you can't pick up adulthood
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if you're still holding on to whatever
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it was you missed as a kid falling through the cracks of what your parents missed as a kid
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and i focus on this fault
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because i feel like growing into healing is growing into loss
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and losing that and it's interesting because
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when i look back on my childhood i have two memories memories of what happened
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and the memories of what should have happened.
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And that keeps me from focusing on what's happening now.
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Every decision I make, I'm still trying to merge those somehow and win whatever I lost when I was a kid.
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And so now I live in this world that I don't enjoy
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because I adopted this mindset of this incomplete little boy trying to travel back in time and fix whatever wasn't right.
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How much easier would it be to just accept that part of
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that was missed instead of putting my adult development on hold to wait around for it?
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Because childhood is not a progress bar.
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It's not task oriented.
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It ends with age.
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Whatever it was, it's what it was supposed to be.
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It's not a new responsibility.
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Something you got to go back and complete.
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It's done.
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You got to move away from that fault
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because only then can you pick up who you're supposed to be as an adult.
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So I love this because there's a lot of good stuff.
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And there's a part of me that says, if you do what he says, you will end up the way that he is.
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So we talk about acceptance.
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There's lot of good stuff here right so like there's the childhood
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that i had and there's the childhood that i should have
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that growing into healing is growing into loss and accepting
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that this is the way life is and i have to accept
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that right my childhood is gone it'll never come back i will never have
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that joy and if that's the path that you take this is the emotion
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that you will end up with
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because actually there's a fair amount of evidence from developmental psychology there's a lot of good stuff here
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and i i respect this dude for making the poetry it's beautifully read you you know,
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really taps into something that's amazing and tragic about the triumph of the human spirit.
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And I think it's like kind of wrong.
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If we look at developmental psychology, we learn a couple of really scary things.
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That life actually is a progress bar.
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And that if you just leave your childhood behind and you grow into an adult without that piece of childhood,
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and this is what happens to so many people, you will be a sad adult.
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You'll be an adult, but you'll be a sad adult.
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And this is the real tricky thing, right?
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Because we don't know how to reclaim that childhood.
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And so we sort of resign ourselves to this adulthood without a childhood.
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But I think that there's a lot of stuff.
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And today we're going to talk about someone called Eric Erickson.
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And Eric Erickson, I'm not trying to dunk on this guy, by the way.
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I genuinely think he's onto something really good.
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But I think it's poetry, right?
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There's poetry and there's science.
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And poetry speaks to the human experience and really taps into something that I think is very real.
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But then there's the science of it.
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So Eric Erickson comes along and he develops this theory.
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And what he notices is that human beings have particular goals at certain stages of development.
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At a particular age, you have to do a particular thing.
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And once you learn how to do that thing, then you can move on.
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And so we have a series of challenges in life.
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And when we fail to do a thing, we actually become developmentally stuck.
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And we have to sort of like fix that later in life.
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So if you missed a childhood, is there an element of accepting that that's gone?
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Absolutely.
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But growing into healing can grow into loss or growing into healing can grow into fullness,
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which from a simple standpoint is like what we call a corrective emotional experience, right?
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So if you were never loved as a child, you have to accept that you were not loved as a child.
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That's really healthy.
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But that's not where it ends.
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The real way to fix that is to be loved as an adult,
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to be loved in the way that a child was loved as an adult, to be spoiled, to be indulgent.
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And I think there are a couple of really good examples of this through Eric Erickson, which I think make a lot of sense.
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Here is the progress bar of childhood.
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When we're somewhere around three to six years old, we have this basic task of initiative versus guilt.
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So what does this mean?
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So when a child is like two, they don't have choices.
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They can't demonstrate initiative.
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They don't get to decide what we're doing today.
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They don't get to control or steer their life at all.
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But once we get to be about three, four, five, and six, that's when we can demonstrate initiative.
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Hey, today I want to go to the zoo.
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Or if we go to the zoo, I want to see the anacondas, not the tigers.
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And a five -year -old can demonstrate, they can try to steer the car of their life in small ways.
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And the way that people respond to that is really important.
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Okay.
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So when I want to do something, I want to see tigers or let's say I want to see snakes,
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which means that I have an initiative.
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And let's say that my parents have a phobia of snakes.
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So they say, no, snakes are for Slytherins and we are Gryffindors.
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This is bad.
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How dare you like snakes?
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So when a child demonstrates initiative, right?
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So sometimes I'll see this with like, you know, boys who want to wear dresses or girls who want to play with trucks, right?
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Or any number of things.
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When you demonstrate initiative, does the world punish you for it or make you feel guilty?
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And there's a certain amount of guilt that's kind of healthy.
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Okay.
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It's like, oh, you want to stay up till midnight?
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Like you can't do that.
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That is wrong.
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Like this is right.
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This is wrong.
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So there's a certain amount that's healthy.
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But basically you have some kids who grow up in environments where what they want is punished.
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They're taught that you're selfish.
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Your step sibling wants this.
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You should give it to them.
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You're so selfish.
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Their desires, their wants, their needs, their initiative is met with punishment.
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And then they start to feel guilty.
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And unless they are supported enough, they will carry that forward into adulthood.
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And the way this looks is as adults, their wants evoke guilt, right?
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And you guys may have experienced this.
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I shouldn't want this.
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I'm being selfish.
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Wanting something is selfish.
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This kind of initiative is something that I feel bad about, right?
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So these people will sometimes do punishment.
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They will self -punish for initiative.
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They will sometimes self -punish for relaxing because these are kids where their initiative was, hey, can I play with my friends?
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They're like, no, how dare you?
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You have to clean the house today.
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So they carry these things forward.
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They feel guilty for having wants.
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And the way to fix this, like if you're someone who goes through life, like feeling fundamentally guilty for wanting stuff,
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like you think like, oh my God, I'm such a selfish person for wanting to take a vacation by myself.
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Such a selfish person for like wanting distance from my parents.
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Such a selfish person for not wanting to spend my weekends taking care of my siblings, right?
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Because people will guilt trip you to all hell.
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That's one picture.
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Another picture is self -punishment for initiative.
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So you're someone who like, it's so scary because some people who are kind of stuck in life, right?
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Like some people like life is happening to them.
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They are the object.
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It's like they're living life in passive voice.
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Because in writing, people say like, don't use passive voice.
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Alok is.
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We should have Alok doing things.
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Alok sits, right?
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Not Alok is.
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But some of us go through life being acted upon by life.
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And if you're someone who's like frustrated with yourself and you say, we call this, oh, I have no motivation.
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I have ADHD.
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I have executive dysfunction.
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Like those things can exist.
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Yes.
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But sometimes this is why I love therapy, psychotherapy.
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This is why I love working with patients with ADHD, because it's not just executive dysfunction.
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Sometimes it is, but most of the time it's not.
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And if you pay attention to you being stuck, what you will find
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If you're stuck, you have no motivation, you feel like life is happening to you.
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Is that when you have an initiative, you punish yourself for it.
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I keep seeing comments, Dr. K, how do I apply this to a situation in my life?
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That's literally why we created a coaching program.
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Our coaches are certified on an evidence -based curriculum designed to help you get unstuck.
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This involves analyzing your patterns, increasing your understanding, and working with you week to week to help you develop a plan to create lasting change.
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So if y 'all are interested, check out the link in the description below.
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The best example of this is people who do not allow themselves to want what they believe they cannot have.
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If you are someone who is numb and has no motivation, do you allow yourself to want the things that you cannot have?
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Because the want is the motivation.
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And oftentimes what we'll do is we'll protect ourselves from an
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empty void of an unfilled desire by not allowing ourselves to want it in the first place.
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But then you end up stuck.
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And what's really scary about this is if you want to fix this, sure, there's a certain amount of mourning the loss that's really healthy.
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Like the guy's not wrong, right?
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So you have to accept that your parents didn't provide this for you.
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They made you feel guilty, whatever.
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But the real corrective action, this is what Erickson kind of taught us, is you have to fix those things as adults.
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So when I'm working with patients who have these particular things, right?
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So when a want evokes guilt.
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The corrective action is helping this person understand wanting things and being selfish are not one in the same.
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Just ask yourself, can I want things without being selfish?
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Is it fundamentally selfish to want?
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Because as long as those two things are tied together, you won't have that corrective experience, right?
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Because what is the normal, what is the healthy version of a kid demonstrating initiative?
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I want an ice cream.
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And their parents are supportive of that.
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They're not like, oh, my God, how dare you?
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You know, your brother and sister is lactose intolerant.
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And when you want ice cream, they can't have it.
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And like you're making them feel terrible.
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How dare you?
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Whereas healthy parenting is like, look, you want ice cream?
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OK, let's get you an ice cream.
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It's hard for your brother or sister because they want ice cream too.
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So then you can also talk to your brother or sister or at a minimum, let's take you out for ice cream.
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Let mom and your brother or sister go do something.
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They can go get French fries.
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We're going to go get an ice cream.
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All right, well, let's get them a cookie, whatever.
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This is where like the corrective action is, is supporting those unmet needs, right?
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It's okay to relax in terms of initiative.
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Do you get punished historically?
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Ask yourself this question.
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Did you get punished for initiative?
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Because if the answer is yes, you really need to take a look at that.
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Can you allow yourself to want something that you may not be able to have?
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And this is the tricky thing about that is like you have to have that first and then it hurts, right?
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Because you can't get it and then you feel that loss.
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But that loss is also motivation.
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The want is motivation and the loss is motivation.
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They took this away from me and I'm going to get it back.
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This is the corrective emotional experience and life is a progress bar.
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If you didn't pass a class when you were six, you need to pass it today.
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We'll go over another example.
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So the next stage is industry versus inferiority.
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This is the point where someone develops competence as a skill, like they're competent in skills and pride in oneself, okay?
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So here's like the healthy example.
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I get a bad grade.
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Teacher says, you can do better.
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Let's do some extra homework and then we get a good grade.
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What does a kid learn, right?
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There are challenges in life.
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There are times where I will do poorly, but doing poorly is not destiny.
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That I have agency.
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When things don't go my way, I can exert some amount of effort and I can change the outcome.
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I have power in this world.
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I can have pride in myself.
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It also teaches something really important about the world.
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When I slip up, the world is a place that will sometimes help me out.
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So we gain faith in the world.
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We gain faith in ourselves.
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We gain agency.
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We get pride.
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We hopefully get some skills, acquisition and competence.
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So let's look at the bad version.
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I get a 95 on test and my parents say, what the hell is wrong with you?
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Roshni Patel down the street got a 100.
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So you got an A and you are a POS.
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Industry versus inferiority.
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So what I love about Erickson is that he combines things that we don't normally combine.
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We think to ourselves, if I have low self -esteem, the goal is to feel better about myself.
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Actually, Erickson has something different.
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The antidote to inferiority is industry, not superiority, right?
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And we have some really interesting data behind that because we know that people who feel superior,
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I'm narcissistic, I'm arrogant, actually have an inferiority on the inside, right?
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And this is something that we grapple with all the time in coaching
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because people are coming in and they have no motivation.
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They make comparisons.
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And so you may think like low self -esteem, what's the antidote?
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The antidote is actually industry.
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It's getting them to do stuff and doing something, anything will affect their esteem.
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So when we as children, when we do things, and even if we're successful,
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if we're compared, comparison is like the number one thing that leads to problems with industry and inferiority, right?
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So this is like all these gifted kids who are burnt out, people make comparisons.
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We see this with like black sheep and golden child, right?
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You got an A, you got a B, your brother, your sister got an A, like there's a smart one,
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there's a stupid one, you're constantly made comparisons, you are not judged by your industry.
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And then this too creates all kinds of problems in adulthood.
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So this leads to a couple of problems, okay?
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So in adulthood, when we do this, we are left with persistent feelings of inadequacy.
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That's number one.
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Next thing we do is sidestep challenges that can result in failure, right?
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Because we don't, it's not about industry.
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It's about being number one.
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And if we can't be number one, we're not even going to try.
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The most crippling is an identity that is based on achievement.
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So this is the idea that your worth equals accomplishments.
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In the moment that this happens, you're kind of like SOL.
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This is where people like, so once you tie your worth to your accomplishments, you're screwed no matter what you do.
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Because if your worth is tied to your accomplishments and you accomplish, you're terrified of losing that worth and that accomplishment down the road.
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Even if you do well, and here's what's so painful about it, right?
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So if your worth is tied to your accomplishments, what'll happen over time is you'll rise in society.
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So you'll go to a community college, you'll do well you'll go to a four -year university.
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Competition there is harder.
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Then you'll go to graduate school.
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Competition there is harder.
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You're maybe moving up a tier in universities each step of the way.
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This is why there's way more imposter syndrome at Harvard Medical School than there is at like Houston Community College.
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So even though you're accomplishing a lot, you still feel terrified.
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You'll have a lot of imposter syndrome.
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And then the other really crippling thing is that that imposter syndrome, that anxiety, that concern, that sidestepping of challenges,
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because you don't want to be number two.
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You don't want to be number 100.
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You don't see it as, you know, what do you call the person who graduates at the bottom of their class in medical school?
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You call them doctor.
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You don't see them that way.
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You see it as this person is a loser.
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I don't want to be that loser.
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And then eventually that anxiety, that imposter syndrome, those things.
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will predispose you to failure, right?
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Because you've got a performance mindset instead of a growth mindset.
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All these other fuckers have growth mindsets.
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So when they get a B, they study harder.
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They dig deep.
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They believe in themselves.
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The world helps them.
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And I'm just panicking because I knew I was stupid.
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I knew I didn't belong.
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Oh my God, it's true.
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This is the beginning of the end.
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And then I panic.
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And then once I panic, the decay happens.
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The tumbling of the rocks, the avalanche has now started, right?
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Because I'm building this thing up.
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I'm trying to keep it together, keep it together, keep it together, but it's not sustainable.
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I'm burning out.
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I feel like an imposter.
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And then everything comes crashing down like I knew it would.
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And now I have a bigger problem, which is that I was, I knew I was going to fuck it up and I was right.
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GG.
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But where does this come from?
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It comes from industry versus inferiority.
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And this is part of the progress bar of childhood.
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And if you do not beat this stage, this will carry forward as an adult.
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And so how do you fix this? my favorite thing to do is to have people demonstrate competence in isolation.
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This is all fueled by comparison for the most part.
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So when you start doing things and being proud of yourself, when you see the worth in yourself by doing something
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that you set out to do and has nothing to do with anybody else, I'm going to plant a garden.
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I'm going to write a book, not write a bestseller, just write a book.
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This is a goal that I have.
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I'm going to climb this mountain.
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I'm going to hike the Appalachian Trail.
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You got to start doing stuff.
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The antidote to inferiority is industry, not superiority, not even self -esteem.
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It's doing things, doing things where no one can see.
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And when you feel pride from in here for what you have done, you will carry that pride forward.
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Then what'll happen is you'll have that pride in here when things don't go your way in the real world, because that happens eventually.
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And that will be the buffer.
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Then you've solved that problem, right?
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It goes back to the kid who got a B, worked hard, got an A.
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Now they believe in themselves and you had all these setbacks
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and now you conquered those things
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so now you believe in yourself life is a progress bar
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so at the end of the day i think
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this is one of those things where like there's the childhood you had
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and the childhood you should have had
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and is one of those needing to be grieved absolutely but
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if you stop at grief like you're just going to be
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left sad what a lot of the camp of developmental psychology
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that i subscribe to right so this isn't i'm not the speaker of truth teaches us
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and i think this is just like works so much better is reclaim your childhood.
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Be a kid.
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It's amazing.
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I strongly recommend it.
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If you were denied a childhood the solution,
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sure, there's a certain amount of grief and a certain amount of blame and a certain amount of letting things go.
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But also, like, if you have a romantic relationship, let them spoil you.
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This is something that multiple people have told me about, but I've never heard talked about, which is the healthy infantilization in romantic relationships.
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And it's something it blows my mind.
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I've talked to half a dozen people who do this called baby voice.
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It's not like they got together and communicated.
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I've never heard this talked about.
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It's baby voice that in romantic relationships that are secure, one of the partners, this isn't like diaper fetish or something like that.
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Like one of the partners will become a child and will adopt a voice.
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And then somebody like their partner will like take care of them as a parent, right?
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It's so weird.
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Like I've heard this from half a dozen people at this point.
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And I'm curious, do you guys do baby voice?
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Yeah.
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See, this is what I'm talking like.
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Oh, most people think, what are you talking about?
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And some people like yeah we both did it i love baby talking like this is
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so weird one of my exes yes and pass both me
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and my man okay see this is the really interesting thing yes
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this is me this is like no one talks about baby voice
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and people are like this is i love this
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because this is this was how i felt about it some people like this is disgusting
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i hate this other people like yeah
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we do it it's awesome freaks me out yes to my longtime girlfriend
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i find it cringe it's not like a particular kind it's like i'm gonna be a whiny little bitch
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and i want you to take care of me I don't think it's goo goo ga ga.
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It's not like baby baby.
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It's like I'm going to infantilize myself and you are going to support that infantilization.
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Right.
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And what we know from psychiatry is like basically in therapy, sometimes we try to provide these corrective emotional experiences, but we don't do this.
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The thing is corrective emotional experience.
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The emotional experience is what's important.
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We do it a particular way in a LARP injury.
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A LARP injury for that long chat, dude.
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Hi, my name is Alok in my free time i larp as a parent for my romantic partners yeah
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so this is great so i used to find it cringe
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but i found my girl
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and now i can't stop doing it this is such a good comment okay
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so here's what i i piece together about baby voice
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it is cringe until you enter this weird uncharted territory of like emotional safety
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and then once you enter that territory it like is what's the word, fulfilling.
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And some people are even asking, isn't that a normal part of a relationship?
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I don't think so.
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Maybe a normal part of really healthy relationships.
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I actually believe this.
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We don't, no, see, it's not acting like a baby.
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So this is not a nut that I've cracked yet, okay?
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You don't act like a baby.
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It's not an act.
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You become infantilized and your partner accepts
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You in that infantilized state
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which then makes you feel like really accepted i mean i've seen like unhealthy versions of this
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which is like more what people think right
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which is like oh it's like this kid has like some scat fetish
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or some diaper
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or whatever you're not like sucking your thumb it's like i'm going to signal to you
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that i need to be taken care of in a very
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and we have a certain template for this right
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which is like i'm gonna be a baby it can be cringe
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there's like an organic development of this kind of thing
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and then there's like the cringe imposing of this thing right
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so like when i'm texting you on a dating app
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and i'm like that's cringe this comes out of a hell
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it like grows it's like a truffle like you can't farm it you can't create it
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but in the right circumstances if you sniff around for a
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while you're gonna find it it's so fascinating to me i gotta i gotta see
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if there's any let's see see look 1996 talk to me baby oh my god dude brooks publishing.
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Let us plumb the depths of the internet chat.
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Studied most extensively as it is spoken by mothers to infants, but without attention is possible role.
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We suggest that baby talk plays such a role.
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No, this is about baby.
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Oh, wait, wait, which is the first empirical documentation that baby talk occurs in adult romances and friendships.
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Yeah, look, individuals who had baby talk to friends
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or romantic partners tended to be more secure and less avoidant with regard to attachments in general.
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Within a particular romantic relationship, indicators of intimacy and attachment accounted for about 22 % of the variance at baby talk frequency.
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Oh, so partners baby talking was the strongest predictor accounting for about 42 % of the variance.
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That's really interesting.
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That means that if your partner baby talks, that's the strongest influence in you baby talking.
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I love exploring this stuff, but it's like, it's hard because it's not, it's not like a term.
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Thanks for watching.
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A lot of people who struggle with an unfulfilling childhood carry around a lot of shame.
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To help people overcome this, we have a great two hour lecture on our website about understanding shame.
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We get into how it shapes you in both positive and negative ways.
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So check out the link in the description below and start your free trial.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze spreekles is gebaseerd op de video “The Secret to Fixing Your Adulthood”. Deze video bevat 429 zinnen en 4581 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 22:02. De spreker praat snel, ongeveer 208 woorden per minuut, dus reken op verbonden en ingeslikte klanken. 85% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 woorden uit de video die het leren waard zijn, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| initiative zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/ | initiatief |
| selfish bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/ | egoïstisch, zelfzuchtig |
| motivation zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/ | motivatie |
| demonstrate werkwoord | /ˈdɛm.ənˌstɹeɪt/ | demonstreren |
| punish werkwoord | /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ | straffen, afstraffen |
| heal werkwoord | /ˈhiːl/ | genezen, helen |
| guilt zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɡɪlt/ | schuld |
| accomplishment zelfstandig naamwoord | /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/ | voltooiing |
| adulthood zelfstandig naamwoord | volwassenheid | |
| poetry zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈpoʊ.ə.tɹi/ | poëzie, dichtkunst |
| versus | /ˈvɝsəs/ | tegen |
| dare werkwoord | /dɛ(ə)ɹ/ | durven, wagen |
| snake zelfstandig naamwoord | /sneɪk/ | slang, serpent |
| syndrome zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ | syndroom |
| esteem werkwoord | /ɪˈstiːm/ | achten, waarderen |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Betekenis |
|---|---|
| check out werkwoord | onderzoeken |
| end up werkwoord | belanden, terechtkomen |
| pick up werkwoord | oppakken, optillen |
| come back werkwoord | terugkomen |
| get together werkwoord | samenkomen |
| go back werkwoord | teruggaan |
| stay up werkwoord | opblijven |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- How dare you like snakes?
- It's like, oh, you want to stay up till midnight?
- They're like, no, how dare you?
- Do you get punished historically?
- Did you get punished for initiative?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | was missed · were never loved · be loved |
| Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of ding | kids who grow · someone who goes · someone who like |
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | has now started · have done · you've solved |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 123 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals I'm, don't, you're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De “th”-klanken: thumb /ˈθʌm/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: initiative /ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/, passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, solve /sɒlv/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, regard /ɹɪˈɡɑːd/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: romantic /ɹoʊˈmæn(t)ɪk/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, crack /kɹæk/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, panic /ˈpænɪk/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: guilt /ɡɪlt/, tiger /ˈtaɪɡə/, grief /ɡɹiːf/, organic /ɔːˈɡænɪk/, regard /ɹɪˈɡɑːd/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als initiative, selfish, motivation.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.