Prática de Shadowing: Ethical Principles in Nursing | NCLEX Study Tips | NurseInTheMaking - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Hey there, it's Christine from Nurse in the Making, and today we're going to talk about ethical principles.
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This is a very common topic tested on the NCLEX and in your fundamentals class.
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So let's look at the seven ethical principles you need to know.
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The first one is autonomy, and this is respecting a patient's values and beliefs.
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A patient has the right to choice and self -determination.
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It's the idea that a patient holds the right to make their own healthcare decisions
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and has the right to make all choices in their care.
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You can remember this by the memory trick autonomy think all by myself.
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I have the right to make my own decisions.
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An example of autonomy would be a patient refusing treatment
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because every patient has the legal right to refuse a surgical procedure or treatment if they are deemed medically stable.
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In other words, they have autonomy over themselves and their healthcare choices.
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The next one is beneficence.
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This is always doing good for the patient and acting with compassion.
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The nurse should always choose the good for each patient.
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You can remember this because beneficence looks like benefit, and benefit means good.
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An example of this would be holding a patient's hand who is on hospice care and wants someone close to them.
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We're doing good for our patient and acting with compassion.
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The next one is fidelity.
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This is where the nurse will remain loyal and faithful in their actions and care.
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They are keeping their promises and providing safe, well -intentioned care.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, fidelity, think faithful.
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An example of fidelity in healthcare would be telling your elderly patient you will bring them to the bathroom in 15 minutes,
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and you act faithfully to your statement.
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You're not just saying things to leave the room.
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Again, fidelity is being loyal and faithful in your actions.
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Accountability.
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The nurse will take responsibility for all their actions.
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They are accountable for their errors or mistakes.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, accountability, think I'm accountable for my actions.
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An example of this would be when a nurse makes a medication error, they're going to take responsibility for it and not try to hide it.
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Again, we're accountable for our actions.
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The next one is justice.
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Just means fair and justice means equal care will be delivered to all patients.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, I just want fair care for all.
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An example of justice is caring for each patient the same regardless of their background, socioeconomic status, gender, ethnicity, or history.
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Again, equal care will be delivered to all.
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The next ethical principle is non -maleficence.
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Another way to say this is do no harm.
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The nurse should not inflict any harm on any patient.
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This could include intentional or unintentional harm.
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You can remember this by the memory trick.
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Non means none and mal means bad.
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So in other words, do no bad or do no harm.
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An example of non -maleficence is when a nurse stops administering a medication that is known to be harmful.
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Another example is not administering aspirin to a patient with a known allergy to aspirin.
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This is why you as a nurse should do multiple checks before administering to avoid a medication error
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that could harm your patient.
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Again, this is intentional or unintentional harm.
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The next ethical principle is veracity.
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This is being entirely honest with the patient at all times.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, veracity, think very honest.
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An example of this is simply not lying to your patients.
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If a patient is taking a medication with a known adverse side effect and the patient asks, does this medication have side effects?
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You as a nurse need to be very honest and tell them the known side effects.
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Okay, let's do a practice question to test your knowledge.
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Which of the following is the correct understanding of nursing ethical principles?
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Pause the video and comment your answer below.
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Justice is telling the client the truth that the medication can cause a rash.
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Autonomy is requiring the patient to have an advanced directive.
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Fidelity is staying with a patient during their death as promised.
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Beneficence is not telling the client they have cancer because that was the family's wishes.
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Justice is telling the client the truth that the medication can cause a rash.
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Telling the client the truth is veracity, not justice.
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Remember, veracity, think very honest.
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So this one is not correct.
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Autonomy is requiring the client to have an advanced directive.
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Requiring is not autonomy.
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This is a tricky one because, well, the NCLEX is tricky.
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Having an advanced directive is a patient's right, but requiring a patient to have one is taking their autonomy away from them.
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So this is not correct.
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Fidelity is staying with a patient during their death as promised.
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Yeah, this sounds like fidelity.
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Remember, fidelity think faithful.
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This is the correct one, but let's look at option four to make sure.
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Beneficence is not telling the client they have cancer because that was the family's wishes.
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This is taking away the patient's autonomy.
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Beneficence means doing good, but this statement takes away the patient's autonomy because they have the right to know their medical diagnoses.
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For more daily NCLEX practice questions like this, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel.
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Let's do a quick review of the seven ethical principles.
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Autonomy means the right to make your own decisions.
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Remember, autonomy, think all by myself.
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Beneficence means doing right or doing good.
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Remember, that sounds like benefit, which is a good thing.
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Fidelity means remaining loyal and faithful.
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Fidelity, think faithful.
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Next is accountability, which means responsible for all my actions.
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Think accountability, I am accountable for my actions.
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Justice means equal care.
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Remember, I just want fair care for all.
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Non -maleficence means do no harm.
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Non means none and mal means bad.
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Last but not least, we have veracity, which means remaining honest at all times.
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Veracity, think very honest.
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That's all for the seven ethical principles you need to know for the NCLEX.
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Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel and ring the bell to be notified for more nursing school content.
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Happy studying, future nurses!
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Ethical Principles in Nursing”. As palavras que mais se repetem: patient, autonomy, fidelity, nurse, example. Este vídeo tem 98 frases e 1059 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:49. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 155 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| nurse substantivo | /nɝs/ | enfermeira, enfermeiro |
| autonomy substantivo | /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/ | autonomia |
| fidelity substantivo | /fᵻˈdɛlədi/ | fidelidade |
| harm substantivo | /hɑːm/ | dano, mal |
| principle substantivo | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | princípio |
| medication substantivo | /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ | medicamento, medicação |
| ethical adjetivo | /ˈɛθɪkəl/ | ético |
| trick substantivo | /ˈtɹɪk/ | artimanha, truque |
| faithful adjetivo | /ˈfeɪθ.fl̩/ | fiel, leal |
| accountability substantivo | /əˌkaʊn.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/ | responsabilidade |
| accountable adjetivo | /əˈkaʊntəbl̩/ | responsável |
| loyal adjetivo | /ˈlɔɪəl/ | leal, fiel |
| directive substantivo | /daɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/ | directiva |
| administer verbo | /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/ | administrar |
| refuse verbo | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | recusar |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| take away verbo | /ˌteɪk əˈweɪ/ | levar embora, retirar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are deemed · will be delivered · is known |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | benefit, which is · accountability, which means · veracity, which means |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 7 contrações e formas reduzidas, como we're, don't, I'm. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, faithful /ˈfeɪθ.fl̩/, ethnicity /ɛθˈnɪsɪti/, faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/, rash /ɹæʃ/, intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: autonomy /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/, medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, accountability /əˌkaʊn.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/, administer /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: trick /ˈtɹɪk/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, topic /ˈtɑpɪk/, inflict /ɪnˈflɪkt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, loyal /ˈlɔɪəl/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/, stable /ˈsteɪ.bəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: harm /hɑːm/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/, hospice /ˈhɑspɪs/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como nurse, autonomy, fidelity.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.