Практика Shadowing: Ethical Principles in Nursing | NCLEX Study Tips | NurseInTheMaking - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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Hey there, it's Christine from Nurse in the Making, and today we're going to talk about ethical principles.
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This is a very common topic tested on the NCLEX and in your fundamentals class.
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So let's look at the seven ethical principles you need to know.
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The first one is autonomy, and this is respecting a patient's values and beliefs.
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A patient has the right to choice and self -determination.
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It's the idea that a patient holds the right to make their own healthcare decisions
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and has the right to make all choices in their care.
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You can remember this by the memory trick autonomy think all by myself.
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I have the right to make my own decisions.
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An example of autonomy would be a patient refusing treatment
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because every patient has the legal right to refuse a surgical procedure or treatment if they are deemed medically stable.
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In other words, they have autonomy over themselves and their healthcare choices.
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The next one is beneficence.
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This is always doing good for the patient and acting with compassion.
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The nurse should always choose the good for each patient.
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You can remember this because beneficence looks like benefit, and benefit means good.
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An example of this would be holding a patient's hand who is on hospice care and wants someone close to them.
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We're doing good for our patient and acting with compassion.
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The next one is fidelity.
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This is where the nurse will remain loyal and faithful in their actions and care.
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They are keeping their promises and providing safe, well -intentioned care.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, fidelity, think faithful.
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An example of fidelity in healthcare would be telling your elderly patient you will bring them to the bathroom in 15 minutes,
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and you act faithfully to your statement.
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You're not just saying things to leave the room.
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Again, fidelity is being loyal and faithful in your actions.
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Accountability.
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The nurse will take responsibility for all their actions.
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They are accountable for their errors or mistakes.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, accountability, think I'm accountable for my actions.
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An example of this would be when a nurse makes a medication error, they're going to take responsibility for it and not try to hide it.
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Again, we're accountable for our actions.
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The next one is justice.
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Just means fair and justice means equal care will be delivered to all patients.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, I just want fair care for all.
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An example of justice is caring for each patient the same regardless of their background, socioeconomic status, gender, ethnicity, or history.
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Again, equal care will be delivered to all.
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The next ethical principle is non -maleficence.
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Another way to say this is do no harm.
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The nurse should not inflict any harm on any patient.
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This could include intentional or unintentional harm.
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You can remember this by the memory trick.
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Non means none and mal means bad.
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So in other words, do no bad or do no harm.
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An example of non -maleficence is when a nurse stops administering a medication that is known to be harmful.
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Another example is not administering aspirin to a patient with a known allergy to aspirin.
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This is why you as a nurse should do multiple checks before administering to avoid a medication error
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that could harm your patient.
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Again, this is intentional or unintentional harm.
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The next ethical principle is veracity.
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This is being entirely honest with the patient at all times.
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You can remember this by the memory trick, veracity, think very honest.
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An example of this is simply not lying to your patients.
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If a patient is taking a medication with a known adverse side effect and the patient asks, does this medication have side effects?
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You as a nurse need to be very honest and tell them the known side effects.
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Okay, let's do a practice question to test your knowledge.
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Which of the following is the correct understanding of nursing ethical principles?
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Pause the video and comment your answer below.
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Justice is telling the client the truth that the medication can cause a rash.
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Autonomy is requiring the patient to have an advanced directive.
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Fidelity is staying with a patient during their death as promised.
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Beneficence is not telling the client they have cancer because that was the family's wishes.
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Justice is telling the client the truth that the medication can cause a rash.
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Telling the client the truth is veracity, not justice.
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Remember, veracity, think very honest.
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So this one is not correct.
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Autonomy is requiring the client to have an advanced directive.
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Requiring is not autonomy.
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This is a tricky one because, well, the NCLEX is tricky.
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Having an advanced directive is a patient's right, but requiring a patient to have one is taking their autonomy away from them.
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So this is not correct.
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Fidelity is staying with a patient during their death as promised.
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Yeah, this sounds like fidelity.
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Remember, fidelity think faithful.
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This is the correct one, but let's look at option four to make sure.
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Beneficence is not telling the client they have cancer because that was the family's wishes.
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This is taking away the patient's autonomy.
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Beneficence means doing good, but this statement takes away the patient's autonomy because they have the right to know their medical diagnoses.
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For more daily NCLEX practice questions like this, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel.
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Let's do a quick review of the seven ethical principles.
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Autonomy means the right to make your own decisions.
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Remember, autonomy, think all by myself.
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Beneficence means doing right or doing good.
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Remember, that sounds like benefit, which is a good thing.
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Fidelity means remaining loyal and faithful.
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Fidelity, think faithful.
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Next is accountability, which means responsible for all my actions.
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Think accountability, I am accountable for my actions.
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Justice means equal care.
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Remember, I just want fair care for all.
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Non -maleficence means do no harm.
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Non means none and mal means bad.
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Last but not least, we have veracity, which means remaining honest at all times.
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Veracity, think very honest.
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That's all for the seven ethical principles you need to know for the NCLEX.
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Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel and ring the bell to be notified for more nursing school content.
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Happy studying, future nurses!
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Ethical Principles in Nursing». Чаще всего повторяются слова: patient, autonomy, fidelity, nurse, example. В этом видео 98 предложений и 1059 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 6:49. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 155 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. Только 80% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка, поэтому лексика сложная.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| nurse существительное | /nɝs/ | медсестра́, сиде́лка |
| autonomy существительное | /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/ | автоно́мия, незави́симость |
| fidelity существительное | /fᵻˈdɛlədi/ | то́чность, ка́чество |
| harm существительное | /hɑːm/ | вред, уще́рб |
| principle существительное | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | при́нцип |
| medication существительное | /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ | лека́рства, медикаме́нты |
| ethical прилагательное | /ˈɛθɪkəl/ | эти́ческий |
| trick существительное | /ˈtɹɪk/ | обма́н, трюк |
| faithful прилагательное | /ˈfeɪθ.fl̩/ | ве́рный, пре́данный |
| accountability существительное | /əˌkaʊn.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/ | отчётность, подотчётность |
| accountable прилагательное | /əˈkaʊntəbl̩/ | отве́тственный |
| loyal прилагательное | /ˈlɔɪəl/ | ве́рный, пре́данный |
| directive существительное | /daɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/ | директи́ва, указа́ние |
| administer глагол | /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/ | управля́ть, руководи́ть |
| refuse глагол | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | отка́зывать, отказа́ть |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | are deemed · will be delivered · is known |
| Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете | benefit, which is · accountability, which means · veracity, which means |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 7 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например we're, don't, I'm. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: ethical /ˈɛθɪkəl/, faithful /ˈfeɪθ.fl̩/, ethnicity /ɛθˈnɪsɪti/, faithfully /ˈfeɪθfəli/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/, rash /ɹæʃ/, intention /ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: autonomy /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/, medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, accountability /əˌkaʊn.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/, administer /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/, intentional /ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- /h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: harm /hɑːm/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/, hospice /ˈhɑspɪs/
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: directive /daɪˈɹɛk.tɪv/, refuse /ɹɪˈfjuːz/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, pause /pɔːz/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как nurse, autonomy, fidelity.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.