Prática de Shadowing: Marcus Aurelius - Stop Caring What People Think - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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In Meditations, Marcus Aurelius said, “don’t waste the rest of your time here worrying about other people—unless it affects the common good.
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It will keep you from doing anything useful.
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You’ll be too preoccupied with what so-and-so is doing, and why, and what they’re saying, and what they’re thinking, and what they’re up to, and all the other things that throw you off and keep you from focusing on your own mind.” In my opinion, Marcus touches on the main issue that holds people back in life: being attached to what other people think of them.
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So I’m gonna explore this idea through a dialogue.
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--- In Shinjuku, when the clock strikes midnight, a small bar opens up for a few hours.
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Few people visit it, but the one’s who go know what they’re looking for.
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Tonight, Himari takes a seat alone, and after a few drinks, she has the following conversation with the bartender.
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B: “If you’re attached to what other people think of you, you’ll never do anything truly useful.” H: “What do you mean?” B: “If you’re attached to what other people think of you, you’ll never be yourself.
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And if life has taught me anything, it’s that being yourself is the only truly useful thing someone can do.” H: “I don’t get it.
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How is being myself useful?” B: “True usefulness comes from being what you are.
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Think about a tree: its fruits and oxygen are a byproduct of it being itself.
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The same holds true for us.
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We do useful things by being ourselves.” H: “But aren’t I always myself?” B: “You’re getting stuck in language.
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Let’s look at the tree again.
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Several things can stop the tree from being itself such as a lack of sunlight, a lack of water, and lots of competition in the environment.
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There are obstacles stopping the tree from being.
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So being yourself is the same as overcoming your own obstacles.
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And one of the greatest obstacles to being yourself is being attached to what other people think of you.” H: “How does being attached to what other people think of me stop me from being myself?” B: “When you are being yourself, you have to be willing to violate people’s expectations of you.
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You have to be willing to disappoint them.
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You have to be willing for them to react negatively.
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But someone who’s attached to what other people think of them is not willing to take that risk, so they end up being who others want them to be rather than being themselves.” H: “I guess you’re right.
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But what can I do?
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I depend on what people think of me to survive.” B: “So you’re attached to what people think of you because you’re dependent on their opinion for security.
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But if your relationship depends on satisfying someone’s expectations, it’s not a real relationship.
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You are a prisoner to someone’s idea of you.” H: “That’s true, but there’s still security in a prison.” B: “Yes, but you’re in a prison.
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You’ve traded the whole of your life for security.
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What is there left to secure?” H: “Hmm I guess that’s true.
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I never thought about it.
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But no matter what I do, or where I go, I’ll always depend on people’s opinions for security!
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That’s how the world is, isn’t it.” B: “If you sell water in a desert, does it matter what people think of you?
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If you can truly produce something of value, their opinions do not matter.” H: “I guess you’re right.
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But how do I make something of value?” B: “That’s like asking how the tree makes its fruit.
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I’ll put it like this: a tree is imprisoned by a lack of water, sunlight, and competition.
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When the tree breaks out of these prisons, when it becomes completely free, the fruit is the natural outcome.
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It’s not about how you can produce something of value, but how you can become free.
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When you break free of all your prisons, your fruit comes of its own accord.” --- Marcus Aurelius said that caring about what other people think would prevent you from doing anything useful, and I explored the meaning behind this idea through a dialogue.
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The most useful thing someone can do is be themselves.
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And what we truly are can never be put into words.
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Whether we think we are good, bad, an artist, or a lawyer, what we are can never be boiled down to a single word.
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When we say, “I am a wife,” or “a mother,” or “a musician,” or “a lawyer,” we’re taking one tiny sliver of our memory and identifying ourselves with it.
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We’re more than our memories.
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Being yourself is the same as overcoming your own problems, and truly overcoming your own problems is what allows you to help others overcome theirs—which is why true value lies in being oneself.
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But as long as we’re attached to what other people think of us, we will always be what people want us to be rather than being ourselves.
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And if we abandon ourselves, we abandon our ability to be truly useful to the world.
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And if we abandon our ability to be truly useful to the world, we abandon what is perhaps the only form of true security.
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On the other hand, when we be what other people want us to be, we have the security of a prisoner, which is security in exchange for life—and that’s really not any security at all.
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But at the end of the day, this is just my opinion and understanding of Marcus’ words, not advice.
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Feel free to use this information however you like, and if you have a different take on Marcus’ words, I’d love to hear your perspective in the comments.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível B2 usa o vídeo “Marcus Aurelius - Stop Caring What People Think”. As palavras que mais se repetem: useful, attached, security, tree, truly. Este vídeo tem 48 frases e 967 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:28. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 177 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 86% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| attach verbo | /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ | anexar |
| abandon verbo | /əˈbæn.dən/ | abandonar, desistir |
| obstacle substantivo | /ˈɑbstəkəl/ | obstáculo, estorvo |
| depend verbo | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | depender |
| sunlight substantivo | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | luz do sol |
| expectation substantivo | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | espera, expectação |
| prisoner substantivo | /ˈpɹɪzənə/ | prisioneiro, preso |
| imprison verbo | /ɪmˈpɹɪzən/ | aprisionar, prender |
| preoccupied adjetivo | preocupado | |
| sliver substantivo | /ˈslɪvɚ/ | lasca |
| usefulness substantivo | /ˈjuːsfəlnəs/ | utilidade |
| bartender substantivo | /ˈbɑɹˌtɛndɚ/ | barman |
| disappoint verbo | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | desapontar, decepcionar |
| negatively advérbio | negativamente | |
| violate verbo | /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/ | violar, transgredir |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, acabar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | being attached · is imprisoned · be put |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has taught · You've traded |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 28 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you're, they're, we're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, sunlight /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/, violate /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/, accord /əˈkɔɹd/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: obstacle /ˈɑbstəkəl/, boil /bɔɪ(ə)l/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como attach, abandon, obstacle.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.