跟讀練習: Marcus Aurelius - Stop Caring What People Think - 通過影片學習英語口語
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48 句
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In Meditations, Marcus Aurelius said, “don’t waste the rest of your time here worrying about other people—unless it affects the common good.
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It will keep you from doing anything useful.
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You’ll be too preoccupied with what so-and-so is doing, and why, and what they’re saying, and what they’re thinking, and what they’re up to, and all the other things that throw you off and keep you from focusing on your own mind.” In my opinion, Marcus touches on the main issue that holds people back in life: being attached to what other people think of them.
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So I’m gonna explore this idea through a dialogue.
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--- In Shinjuku, when the clock strikes midnight, a small bar opens up for a few hours.
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Few people visit it, but the one’s who go know what they’re looking for.
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Tonight, Himari takes a seat alone, and after a few drinks, she has the following conversation with the bartender.
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B: “If you’re attached to what other people think of you, you’ll never do anything truly useful.” H: “What do you mean?” B: “If you’re attached to what other people think of you, you’ll never be yourself.
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And if life has taught me anything, it’s that being yourself is the only truly useful thing someone can do.” H: “I don’t get it.
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How is being myself useful?” B: “True usefulness comes from being what you are.
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Think about a tree: its fruits and oxygen are a byproduct of it being itself.
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The same holds true for us.
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We do useful things by being ourselves.” H: “But aren’t I always myself?” B: “You’re getting stuck in language.
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Let’s look at the tree again.
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Several things can stop the tree from being itself such as a lack of sunlight, a lack of water, and lots of competition in the environment.
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There are obstacles stopping the tree from being.
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So being yourself is the same as overcoming your own obstacles.
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And one of the greatest obstacles to being yourself is being attached to what other people think of you.” H: “How does being attached to what other people think of me stop me from being myself?” B: “When you are being yourself, you have to be willing to violate people’s expectations of you.
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You have to be willing to disappoint them.
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You have to be willing for them to react negatively.
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But someone who’s attached to what other people think of them is not willing to take that risk, so they end up being who others want them to be rather than being themselves.” H: “I guess you’re right.
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But what can I do?
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I depend on what people think of me to survive.” B: “So you’re attached to what people think of you because you’re dependent on their opinion for security.
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But if your relationship depends on satisfying someone’s expectations, it’s not a real relationship.
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You are a prisoner to someone’s idea of you.” H: “That’s true, but there’s still security in a prison.” B: “Yes, but you’re in a prison.
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You’ve traded the whole of your life for security.
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What is there left to secure?” H: “Hmm I guess that’s true.
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I never thought about it.
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But no matter what I do, or where I go, I’ll always depend on people’s opinions for security!
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That’s how the world is, isn’t it.” B: “If you sell water in a desert, does it matter what people think of you?
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If you can truly produce something of value, their opinions do not matter.” H: “I guess you’re right.
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But how do I make something of value?” B: “That’s like asking how the tree makes its fruit.
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I’ll put it like this: a tree is imprisoned by a lack of water, sunlight, and competition.
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When the tree breaks out of these prisons, when it becomes completely free, the fruit is the natural outcome.
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It’s not about how you can produce something of value, but how you can become free.
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When you break free of all your prisons, your fruit comes of its own accord.” --- Marcus Aurelius said that caring about what other people think would prevent you from doing anything useful, and I explored the meaning behind this idea through a dialogue.
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The most useful thing someone can do is be themselves.
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And what we truly are can never be put into words.
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Whether we think we are good, bad, an artist, or a lawyer, what we are can never be boiled down to a single word.
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When we say, “I am a wife,” or “a mother,” or “a musician,” or “a lawyer,” we’re taking one tiny sliver of our memory and identifying ourselves with it.
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We’re more than our memories.
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Being yourself is the same as overcoming your own problems, and truly overcoming your own problems is what allows you to help others overcome theirs—which is why true value lies in being oneself.
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But as long as we’re attached to what other people think of us, we will always be what people want us to be rather than being ourselves.
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And if we abandon ourselves, we abandon our ability to be truly useful to the world.
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And if we abandon our ability to be truly useful to the world, we abandon what is perhaps the only form of true security.
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On the other hand, when we be what other people want us to be, we have the security of a prisoner, which is security in exchange for life—and that’s really not any security at all.
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But at the end of the day, this is just my opinion and understanding of Marcus’ words, not advice.
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Feel free to use this information however you like, and if you have a different take on Marcus’ words, I’d love to hear your perspective in the comments.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B2 級別的口語課以影片“Marcus Aurelius - Stop Caring What People Think”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：useful, attached, security, tree, truly。 這段影片共有 48 個句子、967 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 5:28。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 177 個詞，接近日常對話。 86% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| attach 動詞 | /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ | 附上, 附 |
| abandon 動詞 | /əˈbæn.dən/ | 放棄 /放棄 |
| obstacle 名詞 | /ˈɑbstəkəl/ | 障礙 /障礙, 妨礙 /妨礙 |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信賴 |
| sunlight 名詞 | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | 陽光 /陽光, 日光 |
| expectation 名詞 | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | 等待 |
| prisoner 名詞 | /ˈpɹɪzənə/ | 囚犯 |
| imprison 動詞 | /ɪmˈpɹɪzən/ | 關押 /關押, 監禁 /監禁 |
| sliver 名詞 | /ˈslɪvɚ/ | 裂片 |
| usefulness 名詞 | /ˈjuːsfəlnəs/ | 效用, 用處 /用處 |
| bartender 名詞 | /ˈbɑɹˌtɛndɚ/ | 酒吧服務人員 /酒吧服務人員, 酒保 |
| disappoint 動詞 | /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ | 使…失望, 辜負 /辜負 |
| violate 動詞 | /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/ | 違反 /違反, 違犯 /違犯 |
| boil 動詞 | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | 煮沸, 煮 |
| theirs | /ðɛɚz/ | 他們的 /他們的, 她們的 /她們的 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| end up 動詞 | 到達 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | being attached · is imprisoned · be put |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has taught · You've traded |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 28 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, they're, we're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, musician /mjuˈzɪʃən/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: sliver /ˈslɪvɚ/, violate /ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, depend /dɪˈpɛnd/, sunlight /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/, usefulness /ˈjuːsfəlnəs/, disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/, abandon /əˈbæn.dən/, satisfy /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/, react /ɹiːˈækt/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 attach, abandon, obstacle 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。