Prática de Shadowing: Why Your Brain Sabotages Your Own Happiness - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

Escolha um modo de prática

Cada modo abre uma sala de prática em tela cheia.

162 frases

Se as frases estiverem muito curtas ou longas, clique em Edit para ajustá-las.

Lots of us go through life wanting different things.

The right city, the right job, the right romantic partner.

And then sometimes, we get it all.

We're ecstatic, but soon enough, we get the nagging suspicion that what we thought we wanted was not really what we actually wanted.

After all, if it was, wouldn't we be happy?

A Stanford professor has a name for this malaise.

He calls it the all -will -be -well fallacy.

This is the belief that if you get the right job, the right relationship, the right number in your bank account, you'll be happy.

But when you look back at your own life, have you noticed how achieving your goals can fail to produce lasting happiness?

Why is this?

Today, I'm going to tell you about four mental traps that can leave you feeling adrift and unhappy,

even if you look like you're on the right track.

And I'll share how you can build a life that's more satisfying.

Let me explain.

The year is 1973.

A young engineering student named Dave Evans is waiting in line at a store.

A television is playing in the corner.

The news is on, and the anchor is talking about the skyrocketing price of gasoline.

Dave sees the story, and he decides, right there, he's going to solve the energy crisis.

He gets a master's degree in thermoscience, a branch of engineering focused on engines and power systems.

He graduates in 1976, ready to change the world.

And then he runs into a problem.

He cannot find a job doing what he wants to do.

Dave spends four years looking for work.

He starts a small solar energy company.

It fails.

He's broke, he's frustrated, and he's holding a welding torch one afternoon when the phone rings.

The guy said, my name is so -and -so, and I'm from Apple Computer, we'd like to talk to you.

And I said, no, you want to talk to the Dave Evans at Hewlett -Packard, that's the one who likes computers.

I don't, and I hung up.

14 interviews and a lunch with Steve Jobs later, Dave takes the job at Apple.

He helps to design the very first mouse.

He works on something called desktop publishing before anyone knew what that was.

Looking back on that time with the benefit of hindsight, it's easy to see the importance of the work that Dave and his colleagues were doing.

It was the beginning of a revolution in how people use technology.

By any measure, it was important, meaningful work.

But at the same time, something nagged at him.

What I was doing was making stuff.

I mean, if I didn't do it, somebody else will.

So, is that all there is?

Is that all there is?

Dave had set out to save the world from oil.

Instead, he was building plastic things with wires in them, as he puts it.

He was successful, but the success didn't feel the way he'd been told it would feel.

Years later, Dave left Apple and became a professor at Stanford University.

He started teaching the art of design thinking.

It was a method of problem solving that he had used to build products.

Now, he was applying it to something much harder, helping people to design a life that felt meaningful to them.

While speaking to a room full of accountants in Kansas City, he met a woman whose question would stay with him for years.

Her name was Allison she ran a small business doing accounting and taxes for about 50 other small businesses.

She was happily married, two children, three -bedroom house.

She had exactly everything that she had ever tried to get in her life.

She really thought she did it all right.

She was really stuck.

This is that all -will -be -well mindset I mentioned earlier.

Once I build a stable business, all will be well.

Once I own the house, all will be well.

Once the kids are settled, all will be well.

It's a mindset that can keep you motivated and moving forward.

But Dave says this is a trap, one of the first we fall into when we're trying to build a meaningful life.

We think there's an ideal version of ourselves waiting to be unlocked, if only we can find the right key.

The truth is, all of us contain more possibilities than any single lifetime can hold.

There are more versions of you than you will ever have time to experience, which means there is no one apex of the pyramid,

no one ideal version of your life.

The goal is impossible.

Yet, we carry this idea around like a moral obligation.

We believe that we owe it to ourselves to become everything we're capable of.

The second trap that many of us fall into is the idea that a meaningful life requires making an impact,

changing the world, leaving a mark that outlasts us.

Now, you might ask, why is this a trap?

Isn't it a good thing to want to do something that endures, something that's remembered?

The answer is, of course that's a good thing.

It's just a very, very hard goal to accomplish.

And even when you manage to pull it off, the feeling of satisfaction that you get from that impact tends to fade.

You invent a groundbreaking gadget.

You win an Oscar.

You write a best -selling book.

And it isn't long before the world asks you, what have you done for me lately?

Resting your entire self -worth on your ability to make an impact can be risky.

Trying to have an impact can also lead to a third mental trap, the belief that radical change will inevitably make your life better.

Dave says this trap prompts people to quit their jobs

and uproot their lives seeking a version of themselves that feels fundamentally different.

But a few weeks or months or years after they make this big change, many people find that the novelty fades.

They wake up in a new place, still themselves, still asking the same questions.

The fourth and perhaps most dangerous trap is one that many of us fall into.

It's the conviction that when something isn't working, you just need to do more.

Work harder, sleep less, push through.

Dave fell into this trap early in his career.

He had three children and a 75 -hour work week.

He had trained himself to survive on just three or four hours of sleep every night.

He thought he had it all figured out.

But one Saturday morning, he had a realization.

I'm sitting in the family room, drinking a cup of coffee, and I heard my then three -year -old son, Robbie, say to his mother,

Mom, can we play with Dad today, or are he just going to fall asleep in the chair again?

When I was Robbie's age, my dad was gone because he died.

When Robbie's Robbie's age, his dad's gone because he's asleep.

Dave knew in that moment that pushing harder was not working.

Something had to give, and he didn't want it to be his health or his relationship with his family.

So, to recap, trap number one is believing that there is a single ideal version of yourself just waiting to be uncovered.

100

Trap number two, you have to make an impact on the world to be on the right path.

101

Trap number three, radical change will make everything better.

102

And finally, trap number four, if something is not working, push harder.

103

Four beliefs that feel productive, each one is a trap.

104

Now, maybe you're saying, okay, so if these beliefs are a trap, how do I avoid them?

105

What's the alternative?

106

Dave says that before you can figure out how to get where you want to go,

107

you have to figure out if you're asking the right question.

108

He calls this wayfinding.

109

When you can't know what you're doing,

110

you can't navigate like a GPS would because you don't have a map and you don't have all the information.

111

You have to wayfind.

112

And wayfinding means taking one step at a time, knowing something about the direction you're going, trying a few things, you know,

113

tuning it up and then doing it again and doing it again.

114

And life is like that.

115

So instead of what's the meaning of life, ask yourself, of how might I live a more meaningful life right now?

116

That's a question you can actually do something with.

117

You can try small experiments, see how they go, adjust your path accordingly.

118

Another simple tool that Dave teaches begins with just two words, got to.

119

Most of us approach our lives through a language of obligation.

120

I've got to finish this project.

121

I've got to attend this meeting.

122

I've got to answer these emails.

123

I've got to get the kids ready.

124

Dave calls this the got -to mindset, where everything becomes a box to check before you get to the thing that actually matters.

125

He suggests a shift in framing from got -to to get -to.

126

I get to do this work.

127

I get to be in this meeting.

128

I get to pick up my kids.

129

Same day, same obligations, but a completely different experience of being alive.

130

Dave tells a story about his book editor who was working from home one day

131

while her child was making noise in the other room.

132

She caught herself thinking, I've got to get this kid to quiet down.

133

But then she stopped and she told herself a different story.

134

I get to work from home, which means I get to be in the presence of this very alive child.

135

That shift took just two seconds and it changed how the rest of her day felt.

136

Dave calls this practice moment making.

137

It's the discipline of inhabiting the life

138

you're already living instead of racing toward a future destination where meaning is supposed to begin.

139

We just need to slow down long enough to notice

140

that the life we're rushing through is already full of moments worth being present for.

141

Because it's a term for what happens when you spend your whole life racing.

142

Destination sickness.

143

Dave heard this term many years ago when talking with a nurse in an intensive care unit.

144

We have all these highly accomplished people.

145

And it was always when I finished the degree, get the grad degree, get the good job, make partner, make my first million.

146

And it's always the next thing will make me happy.

147

And some of the people here, the ones in their mid -50s, who've burned their heart out and now they're actually going to die,

148

they suddenly realize there is no next thing.

149

And then they look back at all the things they ran through and they realize they missed the whole thing.

150

Most of them die in despair.

151

The meaning of life is rarely found at a single destination.

152

It's in the moments we race through trying to get there.

153

So instead of asking, what's the meaning of my life, come up with three different versions of yourself and prototype each path.

154

You might find a new version that you love, or you might discover that the path you were on was not so bad after all.

155

Whatever you choose doesn't have to be the one perfect path for you.

156

As Dave says, there's more than one of you in there.

157

The question is, which version do you want to be right now?

158

If this video helped you see your life in new ways,

159

you can find many more conversations about meaning and purpose on the Hidden Brain audio podcast.

160

You can find it on Apple, Spotify, or hiddenbrain .org.

161

I'm Shankar Vedantam.

162

See you soon.

Baixar aplicativo

Tudo o que você precisa para falar fluentemente

Pronúncia com IANota em cada frase

Prática de IPADomine cada som

VocabulárioMonte seu banco de palavras

Jogo de vocabulárioAprenda brincando

Escaneie o QR

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

Mesmo canal

The Lie You Tell Every Day

Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

FOR YOU

Vídeo recomendado

261

20 frases

Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Why Your Brain Sabotages Your Own Happiness”. As palavras que mais se repetem: Dave, trap, version. Este vídeo tem 162 frases e 1970 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 10:56. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 180 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 85% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

Palavra	Pronúncia	Significado
trap substantivo	/tɹæp/	armadilha, arapuca
meaningful adjetivo	/ˈmiː.nɪŋ.fl̩/	significativo
belief substantivo	/bɪˈliːf/	crença
ideal adjetivo	/aɪˈdi(ə)l/	ideal
destination substantivo	/dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/	destino
obligation substantivo	/ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/	obrigação
mindset substantivo	/ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/	mentalidade
solve verbo	/sɒlv/	resolver, solucionar
asleep adjetivo	/əˈsliːp/	dormindo
radical substantivo	/ˈɹædɪkəl/	radical
accomplish verbo	/əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/	conseguir
fade verbo	/feɪd/	desfalecer, estiolar
rush verbo	/ɹʌʃ/	apressar-se
stable substantivo	/ˈsteɪ.bəl/	estábulo, cavalariça
audio adjetivo	/ˈɔ.di.oʊ/	auditivo

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

Palavra	Significado
figure out verbo	descobrir, deduzir
come up with verbo	pensar (em), alcançar
move forward verbo	adiantar
pick up verbo	pegar
slow down verbo	desacelerar

Frases que vale a pena repetir

Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:

After all, if it was, wouldn't we be happy?
I don't, and I hung up.
That's a question you can actually do something with.
I've got to finish this project.
I've got to attend this meeting.

Gramática neste vídeo

As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:

Estrutura	No vídeo
Frases condicionais if + oração, will/would + verbo — uma condição e seu resultado	if it was, wouldn't we · if I didn't do it, somebody else will
Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz	been told · are settled · be unlocked
Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa	one who likes · experience, which means · home, which means
Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora	have you done · who've burned

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

O falante usa 38 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you're, I've, I'm. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.

Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, obligation /ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/
Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: destination /dɛstɪˈneɪʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, satisfaction /sætɪsˈfækʃən/, accordingly /əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/

Sons difíceis para falantes de português:

Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: trap /tɹæp/, mindset /ˈmaɪn(d)ˌsɛt/, asleep /əˈsliːp/, fade /feɪd/, romantic /ɹoʊˈmæn(t)ɪk/
/l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: ideal /aɪˈdi(ə)l/, radical /ˈɹædɪkəl/, stable /ˈsteɪ.bəl/, moral /ˈmoɹəl/, settle /ˈsɛtəl/
/h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, happily /ˈhæp.ə.li/, unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/, hindsight /ˈhaɪn(d)saɪt/, inhabit /ɪnˈhæbɪt/

Como praticar com este vídeo

Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como trap, meaningful, belief.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →

Prática de Shadowing: Why Your Brain Sabotages Your Own Happiness - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

Escolha um modo de prática

Baixar aplicativo

The Lie You Tell Every Day

Steve Jobs passion in work

How to RESTART YOUR LIFE | The Mountain Is You (Animated Book Summary)

Seinfeld's Genius Advice for Success in the AI Age

3 Hard Truths About Finding the Right Person

The Psychology Behind Your Spending Habits (And How to Fix it)

Fighting Workaholism: You Are Not a Success Machine

A Psychologist's Secret About Your Brain (You'll Wish You Knew Sooner)

Bestselling Author Adam Grant on Why We're More Disconnected Than Ever

Focus Only On Yourself (And Forget About Everyone Else)

Mental Debugging: How to Build Resilience After Failure

Self-Help: What Went Wrong?

Harvard Psychiatrist: 90% of Criticism is Just Projection | Dr. K