ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Best Things to do in Saigon - Overnight City Guide
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Good morning Vietnam.
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This country has to be one of my favorite places on earth.
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My first encounter with it was back in 2006 when I lived in Hanoi for about six months.
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I quickly became enamored with the food and drinking culture there.
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Back hurting on plastic stools, too cheap to believe beers,
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a mountain of herbs, and a happy bewilderment each time a dish was put right in front of me.
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Saigon is a type of city I could come to each weekend just to eat.
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We try to make this show not just about food, but in a city packed with delicious aromas wafting through the air,
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and side stalls at the corner of every street, it's tough to focus on anything else.
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Saigon comes off as hot, brash, and unfriendly to most travelers looking to immerse themselves in an Asian country,
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often becoming a quick transit stop for the regions of Da Nang, Nga Chang, Hanoi, Hoi An, or even Fukuok.
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It has a strong, chaotic face that hides well the deep and rooted ethos of a nation.
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While probably not the best place to travel to with children,
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if you are a group of adults hungry and willing to walk through millions of motorcycles at every street crossing,
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get your senses ready because they're about to combust.
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Ho Chi Minh, or Saigon, is one of those cities that is just so full of lights and full of energy.
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And today, where we stand is kind of a testament of what the city is today.
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Behind us, we have the Notre Dame Cathedral, which is a remnant of the French colonization.
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And we're surrounded by lots of different Vietnamese restaurants.
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So I think that's what Saigon is today, is a good mix of both what is traditional French, traditional European, and traditional Vietnamese.
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For this episode, I have a very special friend joining me, Chef JP Anglo.
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I needed an extra stomach, I think.
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And JP, what are you expecting in this trip, man?
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Anything, man.
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I'm open to everything that you're going to feed me.
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It's all new to me.
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This is all new to me.
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So I don't know what to expect.
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The whole point of overnight is we're going to show people what are the best places to eat, what are the best places to drink,
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What are the best places to have fun and kind of go out
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and then we'll try to do that in a 24 to 36 hour time frame.
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You up for it?
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Let's get to it.
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You will land at the Tan Son Nat International Airport Which is located just six kilometers from district one
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So it should take you without traffic about 20 minutes to get into the city.
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Refreshing in Asia However, the new airport is planned to open in 2020 and is located 50 kilometers from the city
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So come to Saigon now if you can.
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If you need some quick cash and the need of the dong
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Airport exchange rates are usually quite decent.
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So we are now in Saigon and a lot of things you have to remember
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when you land at the airport in Saigon The best way to get to the city is a taxi
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But there are so many different scams and it can be a little aggressive
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So use two different types of companies that I usually trust the Mylin and the Venus Sun company
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You can see their collarways identify them and use them
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So this time around we actually decided to book our hotel, our room rather, through Airbnb.
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So it's right here on my app, so we're checking in right now.
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What's cool is that you have a Google integration for Google Maps, so you know exactly where it is.
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And yeah, it was just really simple to book.
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I was talking to this girl called Han, and she set everything up for us, and the place looks awesome,
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and I'm sure we're going to meet a lot of cool people over there.
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This time around we decided to stay at the Trendy Artsy Boutique Hostel, The Common Room Project.
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People from all over the world coming in and out, adding to the friendly house ambience.
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It made us feel as if we were living temporarily with a bunch of travelers.
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This makes it easier to share experiences and figure out what's not to miss in the city.
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Now I know it may seem typical, but the first thing I had to do was eat something out of a bowl.
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I've tried to fit all over the world, but there's something about eating it in Vietnam that will never be matched.
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Outrageous humidity, cold stainless steel tables, and lots of pointing to be understood.
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So what better way to start our trip in Saigon but with a nice hot piping bowl of pho.
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I think it's JP's first time so he seems to be really excited about it.
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This is one of the best places to fill it.
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Just get the bowl with all the meat inside and kind of just enjoy it as much as you can.
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I'm so excited.
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Let's get to it.
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Now there's always going to be a debate as to who sells the best bowl of pho.
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Honestly, they are all better than what you're probably eating right now.
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Other places I've enjoyed in the past are Pho Dao for Northern South Pho, Pho Hung for Southern South Pho, or Pho Phuong.
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We got the standard Pho, which is basically all, like, I think four meats inside.
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You've got tendons, you've got brisket, obviously, which is the most traditional one.
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And then always served with, like, a shitload of herbs and beans which I love, because these things are so aromatic.
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And I don't know if you've ever tried the Vietnamese limes, but they're so sweet and so tasty.
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Usually they serve it, so you have chili, fish sauce, soy sauce, I love putting this deep red chili, so good.
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It's about to be fire in my mouth.
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All right, I'm going for it.
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So JP, as a pho virgin,
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wow first impression meaty and done with a lot of soul right you can tell
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that they cooked it for a long time and look at how they braced the beef that
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Wow that was really good for that was legit
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so people you know may not recommend walking around because of all
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that heavy traffic but I see it as an adventure
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while it may not be totally pleasant to keep having to stay alert
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while strolling down the streets it's the only way to make sure
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you never miss out on a hidden gen. Life happens in the streets so take full advantage of it.
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I think there's so many motorcycles here it's crazy.
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After a massive bowl of soup
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and some sweet roasted coconuts next to the Independence Palace we digestively walk our way to the loft cafe.
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So Vietnam has a very strong coffee culture, cafe culture rather, maybe something that they took from the French.
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You'll find a lot of different styles of coffees here most of them roasted in -house for the purpose of serving them.
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You can have it like JB's having it, black with condensed milk or like myself just espresso.
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But what's great about these places is they're usually a hub for culture and people getting together.
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The Loft Cafe right now which is on the second floor of a walk -up.
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Very easy to miss if you don't know where it is.
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You can go through an art gallery and we'll be checking out other coffee shop concepts.
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The city is a perfect place for caffeine heads and if I had more time I would definitely go coffee shop hopping.
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Other places you might want to check out are The Extra Hip and Cool Luzine, Café Runam for some local style beans,
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Namlong Coffee Company, Bozgros Coffee, The Workshop, or our next stop, The Hard to Find Cupping Room.
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Just use Google Maps and Street View.
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It's pretty funny how nowadays, wherever you go in the world,
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you come to these third -way coffee shops and you find the same type of people that come here, the same like -minded people.
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I like to travel, but then I like to find things
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that are familiar and everyone kind of has their own version of it
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so this was a place called the cupping room
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so it's a second floor walk -up what was the entrance
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like you wouldn't expect anything very uh low -key very old
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and there's too many motorcycles here that they even park it inside
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and then even on the second floor there are bicycles parked inside
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and the sign outside was just a paper a paper yeah the cupping room
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so but you were saying that you you could smell the the beans from downstairs
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so basically if you're to find this place just follow the smell of the beans
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and you will find it
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so it's a nice little haven they roast their beans in -house just right in front of you um
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and then they they kind of spread over here
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so it's pretty cool not only that i'm eating and drinking
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so much coffee i'm also learning lots about history
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and about life with papa erwan and it's amazing
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when i'm with him all these chicks look at me all of a sudden spill over basically
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so here we are walking down the famous dong koi avenue
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which is probably one of the oldest boulevards kind of here it's a nice place to be
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because you have the opera house you have the big shopping centers
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and lots of side streets with colonial style buildings restaurants cafes
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and the likes so if you manage to pull your way out from all that eating
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if your stomach needs a much needed rest period take a stroll down district one
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it's the best place to see all the big monuments of the city.
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The post office designed by Gustave Eiffel, yes the Eiffel Tower dude, the Fine Arts Museum, the City Hall, the Notre Dame Cathedral, the Independence Palace,
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or even the City Museum.
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Having worked up an appetite yet again we set off into another food adventure.
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It's important to come to Saigon with a few notes of what are the must -try dishes
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and to always try to leave some space for something unexpected.
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Here we go for a boon dish.
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Boon is basically anything with rice noodles in a bowl with a bunch of different toppings.
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So JP and I here we're about to have boon tit neung which apparently is two different types of pork.
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So we have pork shoulder and we have some sort of pork sausage which they're both marinated in lemongrass,
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soy, ginger, lots of the classical flavors and apparently there's a secret ingredient that madame here doesn't want to tell anyone.
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So these are like like many of the lunch ladies in Saigon, which is pretty cool, they're here.
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She's been here for 40 years.
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40 years, making one thing and making it really well.
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So all that pork and then the spring roll, which you have over here,
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is then placed on top of rice noodles with like a Thai fish sauce dressing and some peanuts.
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It's so simple, but it looks absolutely delicious.
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Like this is gonna be a killer meal, I can feel it.
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I can taste that crunch already.
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The noodles loaded with so many textures, deep -fried pork fat, peanuts, crunchy Vietnamese spring rolls, and just so much love.
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Other noodle dishes you might want to try are the bun tit at chi thong, the bun bo, which is the beef version,
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at bun bo huay dong ba, or the crab noodles at bang kang kwa 87.
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Our blowout continues and we decide to go try some ban khut, which are small rice pancakes with shrimps and toppings.
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I hope I don't fuck this up.
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Oh, there you go.
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Now I won't fuck it up.
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I thought that all those herbs were going to overpower the meat, but it's...
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Didn't.
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There's so many layers of flavor.
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The batter, and then you have the seafood, and then you have the shrimp powder, the greens that you put on top,
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the fish sauce, the chili, the papaya.
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Like six herms, but it's so simple right yep,
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but delicious Wow Next stop we head out for some banh kwon
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All right, so we're on our third food stop yeah must -have staples that we're trying to go through so here
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We have banh kwon in front of us
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which basically means banh means anything made with flour so rice flour in this case
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So the lady over there, you saw, she made a really cool mix of rice flour and water.
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Put it over a cheesecloth, over a steam pot.
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And so she makes this really thin layer, which is really nice, and then fills it with pork, mushrooms and stuff.
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And then they served us a fermented, I think it's called nam, if I'm correct, or nam.
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It's a fermented pork sausage.
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So it's raw pork wrapped in guava leaf with some vinegar, some sodium, just to kind of solidify it it's nice
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and sour and then finally a rice flour cake filled with coconut and then little little local Vietnamese pork hams.
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Two kinds of tofu?
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Two kinds of ham.
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Oh ham.
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This is made out of pork.
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The non -traditional one that we have here this skin is actually made out of cinnamon.
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All right let's try it out.
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I know this may seem like a lot
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but I'll give you some other places you might want to try to check out along the way.
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The egg pancake Pansayo at the famous 46a Banseo.
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Probably all the crab dishes at Kwan 94.
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The blood sausage at Kwan Lone is amazing or even the delicious suckling pig at Langluong.
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So we're in front of the Le Fang Tam Park.
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It used to actually be an old cemetery turned into a park.
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We're here to try out the papaya lady or she's known as the papaya lady.
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A girl whose papaya salad has become so famous
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that sometimes she sells over a hundred kilos of papaya she's been doing it for 27 years and
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because of this little business this little stall you see behind me
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she was actually able to send her son to university in the states little stories like
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that that make you happy so she's either at her cart in front of the park
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or she has people going around the park with pre -prepared plates
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if i were you seek her out we were there around 5 pm
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and things were in full swing it has some awful beef jerky fresh papaya
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and lots of crunchy textures
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and flavors no trip to Vietnam is complete without a banh mi
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so now we're here at the very famous banh mai thwat banh mi place banh mai thwat is
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that what you said just just can you just uh take just uh just pronounce it all right
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if you can see there's so many people lining up
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and everyone here is a local we're the only one we're the only foreigners here
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and what's special about this place is that they put seven different types of ingredients in the banh mi, right?
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There are different kinds of meat, cold cuts, pates.
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So there's pork cheek, pork belly, some sort of ham.
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There's pork floss, cucumbers.
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This is, what's it called?
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Jicama.
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Then you have a pork pate, then she puts some margarine in there, and then these are little spring onions.
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Yep, and the bread, right?
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Flaky bread.
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They actually toast their bread, so it's nice and warm and flaky.
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Yeah, they toast it a la minit.
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Oh, sorry.
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He just wanted to say that, Chik.
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I'm not doing that.
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So we forgot to mention a while ago
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that the good people bringing us around today with the private
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van are the people from Back of the Bike tours right here.
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We'll put up their links and everything.
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Awesome tour.
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They can kind of actually bring you wherever you want to go and whatever you want to try.
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Just let them know and they'll modify it for you, which is pretty cool.
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Go home, take a shower, and be awakened by how the city just changes at night.
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If you're tired of eating out on the street and in places with no air conditioning, I personally don't see how that could be,
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but some other more upscale options would be.
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Madhouse, the secret garden restaurant, refinery, Kwan B for some local cuisine, Trois Gourmands, or Saigon Lookout.
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So finally our resident grandfather has come out of his slumber.
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Do you feel better?
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Slightly.
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Okay, so he woke up and he basically said, I want to go to Bar Street.
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So we're here at Bio Viet.
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He wants to get a snack of drinks we're just here to kind of drink beer
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so people are kind of sitting all over the place
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and just drinking really cheap beer about 50 cents per beer
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is pretty crazy really 50 cents of a dollar per beer and yeah
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so it's usually the place where people kind of start off
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you want something chill this is where you need to be
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if like us you've had your fill of food
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and just want a nice stiff drink saigon has multiple watering
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holes to offer from upbeat bars like blanche's bromo bar
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and the pasteur street brewing company for some nice craft beer to hip
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and happening party setups at chill bar glow or lush
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if your night stretches out to the wee hours
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you can always count on the underground observatory for a down artsy beat of the city
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or the always confusing apocalypse now there are just so many options
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so we just decided to ask some people who live here what they like to do in the city
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I think I will first time start with the common room project
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because it's a place where you can be creative you can meet people you
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You can play games, you can have some drinks.
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I think I will take them to a Broma bar in the center.
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I guess I will go to Lush because it's the discotheque in the area.
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I will talk about Outkast.
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I really like this place.
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It's a place in District 2 and it's a bit underground, there is some empty wall to draw on it.
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It's like free entry for artists and stuff if they want to do something there.
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I will talk about Hum, a vegetarian restaurant.
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It's on Vovantan Street, in District Street, and yeah, it's quite good vegetarian food.
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Tried many times.
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Big fan.
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I've been in Saigon for one year and eight months now.
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A lot of people don't know that when they hear Saigon they think Vietnamese people, Vietnamese food,
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but Saigon is actually a very international city with thousands
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and thousands of expats there's this place some people know about it it's called the lunch lady
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and she is located in this street one by the river she has a menu
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which consists of different soups every day traditional Vietnamese soups she got very famous through Anthony Bourdain
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Sunday morning
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if you have a whole day in front of you I
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would highly recommend taking a day tour of the Mekong River
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or diving into the underground of the Ku Chi tunnels used during the war.
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You could also have a look at the Jade Emperor Pagoda or the Vinyem Pagoda.
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So District 2 is a little bit more laid -back and spaced out than the districts surrounding the center.
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It's a good peek on how the expats live and if you ever decide on moving here,
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it'll give you a good indication on what to expect.
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It's filled with lots of good coffee shops, restaurants, and boutiques that can actually call for a full day of discovery.
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Alright so we're here at District 2.
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Erwan took us to the posh side of Ho Chi Minh.
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This is where all the expats live.
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It's very refreshing to be here after all the street food that we've been eating.
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You guys stayed.
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I left early because I was a little bit sick.
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I ended up having a bowl of pho with my motorcycle driver, Yong.
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I'm so jealous that you got to do that.
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And it was so cool because literally it was by the street, so random.
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I go, hey, let's have pho.
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Then he goes massage, I go no pho.
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Maybe he thought you meant prostitute.
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That's why.
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Did you say pho or pho?
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I said, I kept saying pho.
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Okay, for people that don't know, pho means prostitute and pho means the soup, right?
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But anyway, it was a good meal.
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We bonded in some ways, but we didn't really talk.
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But yeah, we just looked at each other and kept saying good, good, good.
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We had one last stop to make.
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We tried to go back to that banh mi place just
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because we wanted to hoard a bunch of sandwiches to bring back to our friends in Manila Unfortunately,
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just like many street vendors and street side restaurants in Saigon, it only opened after 3 p .m.
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In the afternoon, so we set out on the Bourdain path and paid a visit to his favorite lunch lady
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Even though it wasn't on the same day that he tried it so we didn't get the same dish
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Like every good stop in Saigon
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you cannot come to the city without trying the lunch lady made popular of course by Anthony Bourdain.
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As we've been seeing there are a lot of different lunch ladies
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and these kind of shops where people just pop up here and there.
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So yeah we're here every day then the menu changes.
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We're here on a Sunday it seems to have some sort of an egg noodle like a mommy noodle.
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Some pork as well so it's really good, really flavorful, all these nice condiments.
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Everyone here is really lovely and really nice.
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So I'm super starstruck again that I was able to sit down with Han, the lunch lady.
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I'm a big Anthony Bourdain fan and I've seen this online and I can't believe that I'm here.
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Thank you Irwan for taking me here.
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Each time I leave Vietnam my hunger pangs are satisfied
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but I get hit with such sadness knowing that I will not encounter that level of food until I come back again.
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Saigon is in my opinion a beautifully crazy Asian city that finds itself in the full upswing of development.
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With the rise of consumership, the erection of tall buildings and the Thanks expectations of a nation's promise.
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The Vietnamese people are working hard at becoming a strong economic and cultural player in the region.
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Each time I come back I experience something new yet I feel like nothing's changed.
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A certain magic touch of combining both the unexpected with the wonderfully familiar.
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I will be back because I always come back.
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Make sure to stay tuned for our next episode.
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We rent out a pimpin apartment in Kuala Lumpur, explore the cities different cultures and eat probably one of the spiciest meals of my life.
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Sweat and tears but it's all worth it.
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Make sure to follow me on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and Snapchat for updates and behind -the -scenes pictures and videos.
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Also don't forget to subscribe to my channel.
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We would like to thank
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Axis Travel and Tours for making this trip possible and organizing all our logistics for us.
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Check out their site for more information.
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So overnight Saigon was brought to you by our good friends at Cebu Pacific
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and here's a quick travel tip from them as you know
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when you come to an airport you can expect a lot of lines
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but people are usually quite lazy
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so it's really easy to just look for the shortest line by going to the place
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that is furthest away from you the more distance you have to walk the less you need to line up.
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บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Best Things to do in Saigon - Overnight City Guide” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 323 ประโยค และ 4073 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 21:29 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 190 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก มีเพียง 81% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| dish คำนาม | /dɪʃ/ | จาน |
| bean คำนาม | /ˈbi(ː)n/ | ถั่ว |
| delicious คำคุณศัพท์ | /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/ | อร่อย, โอชา |
| soup คำนาม | /sup/ | ซุป |
| motorcycle คำนาม | /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/ | จักรยานยนต์, มอเตอร์ไซค์ |
| flour คำนาม | /ˈflaʊ.ə/ | แป้ง |
| meal คำนาม | /ˈmiːl/ | อาหาร, มื้อ |
| flavor คำนาม | /ˈfleɪvə/ | รสชาติ, รส |
| roast คำกริยา | /ɹoʊst/ | ย่าง, ปิ้ง |
| sausage คำนาม | /ˈsɔsɪd͡ʒ/ | ไส้กรอก |
| dong คำนาม | /dɔŋ/ | ด่ง |
| herb คำนาม | /hɜːb/ | สมุนไพร |
| chili คำนาม | /ˈt͡ʃɪli/ | พริก |
| adventure คำนาม | /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/ | การผจญภัย, การเสี่ยงภัย |
| stomach คำนาม | /ˈstʌmək/ | ท้อง, กระเพาะ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| come back คำกริยา | กลับมา | |
| go out คำกริยา | ออก, ออกไป | |
| try out คำกริยา | ลอง | |
| wake up คำกริยา | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | ตื่น, ตื่นนอน |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- It's all new to me.
- You up for it?
- It's about to be fire in my mouth.
- All right, I'm going for it.
- Did you say pho or pho?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | she's been doing · we've been eating · we've been seeing |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | was put · is located · is planned |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've tried · I've enjoyed · you've ever tried |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | Cathedral, which is · Airport Which is · Pho, which is |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 73 ครั้ง เช่น we're, I'm, don't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: thin /ˈθɪn/, grandfather /ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: dish /dɪʃ/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/, refresh /ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/, unexpected /ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/, vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, integration /ˌɪn.tɪˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: dish /dɪʃ/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/, motorcycle /ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/, meal /ˈmiːl/, beef /bif/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: flavor /ˈfleɪvə/, adventure /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/, wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/, overnight /əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/, vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: resident /ˈɹɛzɪdənt/, lazy /ˈleɪ̯zi(ː)/, pleasant /ˈplɛz.ənt/, transit /ˈtɹæn.zɪt/, nowadays /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง dish, bean, delicious เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ