ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: building an app is easy, actually
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
1
Usually when people talk about building apps on here, and by here I mean like on YouTube, they always advertise it as a method to make money.
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Which is a little ironic because YouTube itself wasn't even a profitable app until around 2014.
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In fact, most apps nowadays aren't profitable unless they're B2B or business-to-business, meaning you're selling to people who themselves are selling to people.
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So I find it kind of funny when people claim
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that you can drop out of school or quit your job and just build apps for a living.
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because yeah you can build apps for a living
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but you'll be building them for a tech company
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or a bank at a job or you could just quit your job
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and build apps and not make a living
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or you could quit your job and make a living
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but you won't be building apps I'm not saying it's impossible
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to make a living I'm just saying that's not possible and even
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if you do get to do all three at the same time be careful what you wish for
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so let's just make an app that actually does something useful for fun
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because we want to because that's the best way to to learn anyway.
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I assume somewhere on your laptop right now is a PDF you haven't read.
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Maybe it's a research paper you bookmarked and forgot, but me no want open PDF and read word.
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We want stimulating activity.
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So how do you actually just sit down and read a PDF fast?
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The solution is a technique you've probably seen before, called RSVP, Rapid Serial Visual Presentation, where instead of moving your eyes left to right to read something,
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you just have the words flash on screen really fast one
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or two words at a time even faster than you could say them out loud.
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Normally the fastest a human can read is around 250 words per minute but this technique can get you to read 350,
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400 or even 500 words per minute without any previous training.
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Now let me just say there are plenty of free apps out there where you can paste in some text
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and it will flash each word on the screen one at a time for you
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but so far I haven't found anything that's both free and works on PDFs.
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So how about we build one?
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And let's call it Read Faster, because I was going to make a creative name, but then I realized half of the most downloaded apps on Google Play don't have creative names.
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So why bother?
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Now that you have the idea for the app and the name, you might feel a little underprepared.
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But many tech startups, in order to become truly billion-dollar companies, go through a long period of aggressively spending money from outside investors to grow.
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During the losing money stage, these startups are called pre-profit.
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Some tech startups don't even charge money yet, which makes them pre-revenue.
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Some are still working on the actual app and haven't released it yet, which makes them pre-launch.
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Some haven't even started working on the app and just have a PowerPoint presentation on what the app would do.
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This is known as pre-product.
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Lastly, some startups don't even know what the app would be about, just that it's going to use AI.
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This is known as pre-idea and it's about where 99% of startups are, so the fact that you have an idea already puts you way ahead.
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Now even though you might want to get to blindly vibe coding the app straight away, the components of an app are actually pretty easy to understand, so I think you might as well learn them.
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First, you need a UI or user interface, also known as a front end.
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This is all of the buttons and screens that the user will see and interact with on the app.
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The UI for your app will be slightly different when it's on the web versus iOS versus Android.
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Next, you may need a server-side framework, also known as a backend.
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This is what will manage all the data for a user
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so that they can make an account or use the same app across multiple devices.
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For example, let's say you make an app like Tinder
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that requires people to make an account and five people download your app.
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In order for them to sign in, you need some type of server that, somewhere, keeps track of all their passwords and data and who they matched with and what their current Tinder ELO is.
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Every time someone logs in, they have to talk to the server first.
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If you want this to happen, you need to code a backend.
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But if it's just a game like Flappy Bird, where no one has an account, and there's no leaderboard, and the only data it tracks is the highest score each person has on their phone, then you don't need to make a backend.
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Flappy Bird would be considered an entirely front-end app.
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The last thing is packaging and publishing.
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This just means combining all the code into a format that a phone or web browser can understand.
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and then you just publish to the App Store or Google Play, or it could even just run on a website.
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Now that we at least understand what's happening, we can vibe code the app.
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Well, maybe not you, maybe you're an actual coder, but I will vibe code using Bolt, which is just a free option that used to be popular, but may or may not be completely obsolete in two months.
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Never mind, it's already obsolete.
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Okay, so instead we're going to use Google AI Studio to build the app.
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You can write a prompt here for the app, which obviously I'm going to ask Claude to write.
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I'm going to give it the app requirements, and then the framework I want it to use, and then the single design requirement.
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A framework is just a pre-written set of tools, libraries, and other stuff that just makes your app logic standardized, easier to code, more secure, and a lot more reliable.
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The technology we'll use is the free Kotlin multi-platform made by JetBrains.
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You may have heard the Kotlin programming language before, but this is a technology that's multi-platform, meaning it allows you to write code once and deploy it to Android,
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iOS, desktop, to a server, and the web just from one code base.
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In a multi-platform architecture, your app's divided into two pieces.
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The first is the shared logic.
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For us, that's the logic for the program to read the PDF, to sequence the words, to calculate the words per minute and the timing of each word.
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Basically, everything that is done behind the scenes to flash the words on the screen.
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That code is written once in Kotlin and runs on every platform.
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So you only have to maintain one thing, just one code base.
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The second piece is the UI.
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With Compose Multi-Platform, JetBrains' declarative UI framework, which works across Android, iOS, desktop, and web, you write the UI once and it renders natively everywhere.
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Meaning everywhere, the app can run smoothly and without any lag.
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The recommended way to set this up is to download IntelliJ IDEA, which is a coding workspace.
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This is where you'll be writing all your code.
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Then you just go to plugins and download the one called Kotlin Multiplatform.
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After this, the template and starter files will already be there for you.
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So you already have the skeleton.
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Now you just have to code.
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And if you've never written Kotlin before, imagine Java, but about 40% less code.
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You can code an app just once and you could ship it out to run cleanly on any platform.
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If you're really getting into app development, you probably want to try this out, so check the description.
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By now, Google AI Studio should have fully generated the app
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and now you could preview it and you could also look at all the code.
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Once we've previewed it and tried it and we see that it works, the next step is to thoroughly test the app across various cases,
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various inputs, and all kinds of button presses to make sure that there are no bugs.
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After completely ignoring that step, we move on to deployment.
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Well, okay, you're not supposed to completely ignore testing, but personally, I feel like playing around with the preview you get is enough testing.
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Now it's time to deploy, which means put the app out on the internet for anyone to use slash install.
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In our case, we'll deploy it to the web
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because it costs money to get your app on the App Store or Google Play, and I know you don't want to do that.
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Now, you could deploy straight to Google Cloud.
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That's what Google wants you to do.
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That's why it's the only option when you click the big publish button.
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And technically, Google does give out $300 of free Google Cloud credit to everyone.
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So you technically don't have to pay, but still requires you to put in your credit card information.
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And I know you don't want to do that.
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Anyway, we're not going to deploy with Google Cloud.
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We're going to deploy using Vercel, which is free.
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Vercel basically hosts the app on the web so
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that Someone across the world can type in the link to your app and access it online and use it.
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Before that, one thing you might want to do first is go to the code tab here, and then on the right, you can download all the code as a zip file in
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case you want to work on it later inside an actual code editor and not Google AI Studio.
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But if you don't feel like downloading the code, you don't have to.
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Now to deploy with Vercel, we first need to use GitHub as a middleman.
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Just hit the settings button in the top right and keep scrolling right until you get to GitHub.
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Now, just sync your code to GitHub.
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Make a GitHub account if you need to.
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It probably takes under a minute, like I made a new account just for this.
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And then you follow the steps to transfer your code from Google AI Studio over to GitHub, which should be quick.
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Once all that is finished, you now have a GitHub repository that is storing all your code for the app.
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Now search up Vercel, make an account, and then click Start Deploying.
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Copy your link to your GitHub repository and paste it here.
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And then follow all the steps after that until eventually you can click the final button and deploy your app.
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Pretty soon it'll finish deploying and now you plus anyone else can access and use the app on the web.
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This app doesn't actually have a backend.
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So it doesn't store any user data.
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It doesn't need you to log in.
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And it would have done it using Firebase, which is just a Google-owned service that'll take care of everything you need for databases,
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authentication, cloud functions, sending notifications, stuff like that.
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All you have to do is click yes when it asks you if you want to use Firebase.
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And now you have a backend.
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Anyway, there's no steps left, besides maybe improving your app if you want to.
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But other than that, it's done.
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Use it once and forget about it.
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Tell your friends who don't care about it.
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Add it to your resume.
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They'll get auto rejected by the AI screening system anyway, whatever you want to do with it.
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You can even LARP as an actual software developer.
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I know I will.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “building an app is easy, actually” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: app, code, Google, word, deploy วิดีโอนี้มี 132 ประโยค และ 1984 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 9:12 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 216 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 85% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 12 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| pasta คำนาม | /ˈpɑ.stə/ | พาสตา |
| desktop คำนาม | /ˈdɛsktɒp/ | พื้นโต๊ะ |
| technically คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ | /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/ | วิชาการ |
| bookmark คำนาม | /ˈbʊkmɑːɹk/ | ที่คั่นหนังสือ |
| template คำนาม | /ˈtɛm.plɪt/ | แม่แบบ |
| skeleton คำนาม | /ˈskɛlətən/ | โครงกระดูก |
| scroll คำนาม | /skɹoʊl/ | ม้วนกระดาษ |
| calculate คำกริยา | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | คำนวณ |
| notification คำนาม | /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/ | การแจ้งเตือน |
| automobile คำนาม | /ˈɔː.tə.məˌbil/ | รถยนต์, รถ |
| investor คำนาม | /ɪnˈvɛs.tə(ɹ)/ | ผู้ลงทุน |
| password คำนาม | /ˈpæs.wɜɹd/ | รหัสผ่าน, รหัส |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| sit down คำกริยา | นั่ง |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- This is where you'll be writing all your code.
- It doesn't need you to log in.
- Tell your friends who don't care about it.
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | people who themselves · yet, which makes · Bolt, which is |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | haven't read · you've probably seen · haven't found |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | are called · is known · would be considered |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 42 ครั้ง เช่น don't, haven't, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: authentication /ɔːˌθɛntɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/, authentication /ɔːˌθɛntɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: repository /ɹɪˈpɒz.ɪ.t(ə.)ɹɪ/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/, authentication /ɔːˌθɛntɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, declarative /dɪˈklæɹ.ə.tɪv/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/, declarative /dɪˈklæɹ.ə.tɪv/, workspace /ˈwɝkˌspeɪs/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, scroll /skɹoʊl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: vibe /vaɪb/, preview /ˈpɹiːvjuː/, declarative /dɪˈklæɹ.ə.tɪv/, natively /ˈneɪtɪvli/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: repository /ɹɪˈpɒz.ɪ.t(ə.)ɹɪ/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, browser /ˈbɹaʊ.zəɹ/, nowadays /ˈnaʊ.ə.deɪz/, resume /ˈɹɛz.ə.meɪ/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง pasta, desktop, technically เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ