ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Cambridge IELTS 15 Listening Test 1 | Full Practice Test with Answers
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1
You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
2
There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work.
3
All the recordings will be played once only.
4
The test is in four parts.
5
At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the answer sheet.
6
Now turn to part 1.
7
Part 1 You will hear a woman phoning a friend to get information about a job agency.
8
First, you have some time to look at questions 1 to 5.
9
Now listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 5.
10
Hello, William.
11
This is Amber.
12
You said to phone if I wanted to get more information about the job agency you mentioned.
13
Is now a good time?
14
Hi, Amber.
15
Yes, fine.
16
So, the agency I was talking about is called Bankside.
17
They're based in Docklands.
18
I can tell you the address now.
19
497 Eastside.
20
OK, thanks.
21
So is there anyone in particular I should speak to there?
22
The agent I always deal with is called Becky Jameson.
23
Let me write that down.
24
Becky...
25
Jameson.
26
J-A-M-I-E-S-O-N.
27
Do you have her direct line?
28
Yes, it's in my contact somewhere.
29
Right, here we are.
30
07866 510333.
31
I wouldn't call her until the afternoon if I were you.
32
She's always really busy in the morning trying to fill last-minute vacancies.
33
She's really helpful and friendly, so I'm sure it would be worth getting in touch with her for an informal chat.
34
It's mainly clerical and admin jobs they deal with, isn't it?
35
That's right.
36
I know you're hoping to find a full-time job in the media eventually, but Becky mostly recruits temporary staff for the finance sector,
37
which will look good on your CV and generally pays better too.
38
Yeah, I'm just a bit worried because I don't have much office experience.
39
I wouldn't worry.
40
They'll probably start you as a receptionist or something like that.
41
So what's important for that kind of job isn't so much having business skills or knowing lots of different computer systems, it's communication that really matters,
42
so you'd be fine there.
43
and you'll pick up office skills really quickly on the job.
44
It's not that complicated.
45
OK, good.
46
So how long do people generally need temporary staff for?
47
It would be great if I could get something lasting at least a month.
48
That shouldn't be too difficult.
49
But you're more likely to be offered something for a week at first, which might get extended.
50
It's unusual to be sent somewhere for just a day or two.
51
Right.
52
I've heard the pay isn't too bad better than working in a shop or a restaurant.
53
Oh, yes, definitely.
54
The hourly rate is about £10, 11 if you're lucky.
55
That's pretty good.
56
I was only expecting to get £8 or £9 an hour.
57
Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 6 to 10.
58
Now listen and answer questions 6 to 10.
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Do you want me to tell you anything about the registration process?
60
Yes, please.
61
I know you have to have an interview.
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The interview usually takes about an hour, and you should arrange that about a week in advance.
63
I suppose I should dress smartly if it's for office work.
64
I can probably borrow a suit from Mum.
65
Good idea.
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It's better to look too smart than too casual.
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Will I need to bring copies of my exam certificates or anything like that?
68
No, they don't need to see those, I don't think.
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What about my passport?
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Oh yes, they will ask to see that.
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OK.
72
I wouldn't get stressed about the interview, though.
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It's just a chance for them to build a relationship with you, so they can try and match you to a job which you'll like.
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So there are questions about personality that they always ask candidates, fairly basic ones, and they probably won't ask anything too difficult,
75
like what your plans are for the future.
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Oh, hope not.
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Anyway, there are lots of benefits to using an agency.
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For example, the interview will be useful because they'll give you feedback on your performance so you can improve next time.
79
And they'll have access to jobs which aren't advertised.
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Exactly.
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Most temporary jobs aren't advertised.
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And I expect finding a temporary job this way takes a lot less time.
83
It's much easier than ringing up individual companies.
84
Yes, indeed.
85
Well, I think I've covered...
86
Thank you.
87
Part 2 You will hear a woman giving a presentation about a holiday on an island in Britain that her company organizes.
88
First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14.
89
Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.
90
Good morning.
91
My name's Erica Matthews and I'm the owner of Matthews Island Holidays, a company set up by my parents.
92
Thank you for coming to this presentation in which I hope to interest you in what we have to offer.
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We're a small family-run company and we believe in the importance of the personal touch,
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so we don't aim to compete with other companies on the number of customers.
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What we do is build on our many years experience,
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more than almost any other rail holiday company to ensure we provide perfect holidays in a small number of destinations
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which we've got to know extremely well.
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I'll start with our six-day Isle of Man holiday.
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This is a fascinating island in the Irish Sea, with Wales to the south,
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England to the east, Scotland to the north and Northern Ireland to the west.
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Your holiday starts in Hesham, where your tour manager will meet you, then you'll travel by ferry to the Isle of Man.
102
Some people prefer to fly from Luton instead, and another popular option is to go by train to Liverpool and take a ferry from there.
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You have five nights in the hotel, and the price covers five breakfasts and dinners,
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and lunch on the three days when there are organised trips.
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Day 4 is free and most people have lunch in a cafe or restaurant in Douglas.
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The price of the holiday includes the ferry to the Isle of Man, all travel on the island, the hotel and the meals I've mentioned.
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Incidentally we try to make booking our holidays as simple
108
and fair as possible
109
so unlike with many companies the price is the same whether you book six months in advance
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or at the last minute and there's no supplement for single rooms in hotels.
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If you make a booking then need to change the start date, for example because of illness,
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you're welcome to change to an alternative date or a different tour for a small administrative fee.
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Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20.
114
Thank you.
115
OK, so what does the holiday consist of?
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Well, on day one, you'll arrive in time for a short introduction by your tour manager, followed by dinner in the hotel.
117
The dining room looks out at the river, close to where it flows into the harbour, and there's usually plenty of activity going on.
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On day two, you'll take the coach to the small town of Peel, on the way calling in at the Tinwold exhibition.
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The Isle of Man isn't part of the United Kingdom and it has its own parliament called Tinwold.
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It's claimed that this is the world's oldest parliament that's still functioning and that it dates back to 979.
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However, the earliest surviving reference to it
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is from 1422
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so perhaps it isn't quite as old as it claims day
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three we have a trip to the mountain snaefell this begins
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with a leisurely ride along the promenade in douglas in a horse-drawn tram
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then you board an electric train
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which takes you to the fishing village of laxey from there
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it's an 8 kilometre ride in the Snaefell Mountain Railway to the top.
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Lunch will be in the cafe, giving you spectacular views of the island.
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Day 4 is free for you to explore, using the pass which we'll give you.
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So you won't have to pay for travel on local transport or for entrance to the island's heritage sites.
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Or you might just want to take it easy in Douglas and perhaps do a little light shopping.
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The last full day, day five, is for some people the highlight of the holiday,
134
with a ride on the steam railway from Douglas to Port Erin.
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After some time to explore, a coach will take you to the headland that overlooks the Calf of Man, a small island just off the coast.
136
From there, you continue to Castle Town, which used to be the capital of the Isle of Man and its medieval castle.
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And on day six, it's back to the ferry, or the airport if you flew to the island, and time to go home.
138
Now I'd like to tell you a bit more...
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That is the end of part two.
140
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
141
Part 3
142
You will hear two psychology students discussing the effects of the order in which the children in a family are born.
143
First, you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
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Now listen
145
carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
146
Ed, how are you getting on with the reading for our presentation next week?
147
Well, OK, Ruth, but there's so much of it.
148
I know.
149
I hadn't realised birth order was such a popular area of research.
150
But the stuff on birth order and personality is mostly unreliable.
151
From what I've been reading, a lot of the claims about how your position in the family determines certain personality traits are just stereotypes,
152
with no robust evidence to support them.
153
Okay, but that's an interesting point.
154
We could start by outlining what previous research has shown.
155
There are studies going back over a hundred years.
156
Yeah, so we could just run through some of the typical traits.
157
Like the consensus seems to be that oldest children are generally less well-adjusted
158
because they never get over the arrival of a younger sibling.
159
Right, but on a positive note, some studies claim that they were thought to be good at nurturing.
160
Certainly in the past, when people had large families, they would have been expected to look after the younger ones.
161
There isn't such a clear picture for middle children.
162
but one trait that a lot of the studies mention is
163
that they are easier to get on with than older or younger siblings.
164
Hmm, generally eager to please and helpful, although that's certainly not accurate as far as my family goes.
165
My middle brother was a nightmare, always causing fights and envious of whatever I had.
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As I said, none of this seems to relate to my own experience.
167
I'm the youngest in my family, and I don't recognise myself in any of the studies I've read about.
168
I'm supposed to have been a sociable and confident child who made friends easily, but I was actually terribly shy.
169
Really?
170
That's funny.
171
There have been hundreds of studies on twins, but mostly about nurture versus nature.
172
There was one on personality which said that a twin is likely to be quite shy in social situations
173
because they always have their twin around to depend on for support.
174
My cousins were like that when they were small.
175
They were only interested in each other and found it hard to engage with other kids.
176
They're fine now, though.
177
Only children have had a really bad press.
178
A lot of studies have branded them as loners, who think the world revolves around them because they've never had to fight for their parents' attention.
179
That does seem a bit harsh.
180
One category I hadn't considered before was children with much older siblings.
181
A couple of studies mention that these children grow up more quickly and are expected to do basic things for themselves, like getting dressed.
182
I can see how that might be true, although I expect they're sometimes the exact opposite, playing the baby role and clamouring for special treatment.
183
Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
184
Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
185
What was the problem with most of these studies, do you think?
186
I think it was because, in a lot of cases, data was collected from only one sibling per family,
187
who rated him or herself and his or her siblings at the same time.
188
Hmm.
189
Some of the old research into the relationship between birth order and academic achievement has been proved to be accurate, though.
190
Performances in intelligence tests declined slightly from the eldest child to his or her younger siblings.
191
This has been proved in lots of recent studies.
192
Yes, although what many of them didn't take into consideration was family size.
193
The more siblings that are, the likelier the family is to have a low socioeconomic status,
194
which can also account for differences between siblings in academic performance.
195
The oldest boy might be given more opportunities than his younger sisters, for example.
196
Exactly.
197
But the main reason for the marginally higher academic performance of oldest children is quite surprising, I think.
198
It's not only that they benefit intellectually from extra attention at a young age, which is what I would have expected,
199
it's that they benefit from being teachers for their younger siblings by verbalising processes.
200
Right, and this gives them status and confidence, which again contributes in a small way to better performance.
201
So, would you say sibling rivalry has been a useful thing for you?
202
I think so.
203
My younger brother was incredibly annoying, and we fought a lot, but I think this has made me a stronger person.
204
I know how to defend myself.
205
We had some terrible arguments, and I would have died rather than apologise to him.
206
But we had to put up with each other
207
and most of the time we co-existed amicably enough yes my situation was pretty similar
208
but i don't think having two older brothers made me any
209
less selfish i was never prepared to let my brothers use any of my stuff that's perfectly normal whereas sometimes
210
that is the end of part 3.
211
You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part 3.
212
Part 4 You will hear a student giving a presentation about a type of tree known as the eucalyptus,
213
which is common in Australia.
214
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
215
Thank you.
216
Thank you.
217
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
218
Today, I'm going to talk about the eucalyptus tree.
219
This is a very common tree here in Australia, where it's also sometimes called the gum tree.
220
First, I'm going to talk about why it's important, then I'm going to describe some problems it faces at present.
221
Right, well, the eucalyptus tree is an important tree for lots of reasons.
222
For example, it gives shelter to creatures like birds and bats, and these and other species also depend on it for food,
223
particularly the nectar from its flowers. So it supports biodiversity.
224
It's useful to us humans too,
225
because we can kill germs with a disinfectant made from oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves.
226
The eucalyptus grows all over Australia, and the trees can live for up to 400 years.
227
So it's alarming that all across the country numbers of eucalyptus are falling because the trees are dying off prematurely.
228
So what are the reasons for this?
229
One possible reason is disease.
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As far back as the 1970s, the trees started getting a disease called mundula yellows.
231
The tree's leaves would gradually turn yellow, then the tree would die.
232
It wasn't until 2004 that they found the cause of the problem was lime, or calcium hydroxide, to give it its proper chemical name,
233
which was being used in the construction of roads.
234
The lime was being washed away into the ground and affecting the roots of the eucalyptus trees nearby.
235
What it was doing was preventing the trees from sucking up the iron they needed for healthy growth.
236
When this was injected back into the affected trees, they immediately recovered.
237
But this problem only affected a relatively small number of trees.
238
By 2000, huge numbers of eucalyptus were dying along Australia's east coast of a disease known as bell minor-associated dieback.
239
The bell minor is a bird, and the disease seems to be common where there are high populations of bell minors.
240
Again, it's the leaves of the trees that are affected.
241
What happens is that insects settle on the leaves and eat their way round them, destroying them as they go,
242
and at the same time they secrete a solution which has sugar in it.
243
The bell miner birds really like this solution, and in order to get as much as possible,
244
they They keep away other creatures that might try to get it.
245
So these birds and insects flourish at the expense of other species,
246
and eventually so much damage is done to the leaves that the tree dies.
247
But experts say that trees can start looking sick before any sign of bell minor-associated dieback.
248
So it looks as if the problem might have another explanation.
249
One possibility is that it's to do with the huge bushfires that we have in Australia.
250
A theory proposed over 40 years ago by ecologist William Jackson is
251
that the frequency of bushfires in a particular region affects the type of vegetation that grows there.
252
If there are very frequent bushfires in a region, this encourages grass to grow afterwards,
253
while if the bushfires are rather less frequent, this results in the growth of eucalyptus forests.
254
So why is this?
255
Why do fairly frequent bushfires actually support the growth of eucalyptus?
256
Well, one reason is that the fire stops the growth of other species which would consume water needed by eucalyptus trees. And there's another reason.
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If these other quick-growing species of bushes and plants are allowed to proliferate,
258
they harm the eucalyptus in another way by affecting the composition of the soil and removing nutrients from it.
259
So, some bushfires are actually essential for the eucalyptus to survive,
260
as long as they are not too frequent. In fact, there's evidence
261
that Australia's indigenous people practiced regular burning of bushland for thousands of years before the arrival of the Europeans.
262
But since Europeans arrived on the continent, the number of bushfires has been strictly controlled.
263
Now, scientists believe that this reduced frequency of bushfires to low levels has led to what's known as dry rainforest,
264
which seems an odd name as usually we associate tropical rainforest with wet conditions.
265
And what's special about this type of rainforest?
266
Well, unlike tropical rainforest, which is a rich ecosystem, this type of ecosystem is usually a simple one.
267
It has very thick, dense vegetation, but not much variety of species.
268
The vegetation provides lots of shade, so one species that does find it ideal is the bell minor bird,
269
which builds its nests in the undergrowth there.
270
But again, that's not helpful for the eucalyptus tree.
271
That is the end of part four.
272
You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
273
Thank you.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Cambridge IELTS 15 Listening Test 1” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: tree, questions, eucalyptus วิดีโอนี้มี 272 ประโยค และ 3235 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 29:49 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 109 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง 85% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| eucalyptus คำนาม | /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/ | ยูคาลิปตัส |
| sibling คำนาม | /ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/ | พี่, น้อง |
| rainforest คำนาม | /ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/ | ป่าฝน, ป่าดิบชื้น |
| ferry คำนาม | /ˈfɛɹi/ | เรือข้ามฟาก, เรือจ้าง |
| trait คำนาม | /tɹeɪt/ | นิสัย |
| café คำนาม | /ˌkæˈfeɪ/ | กาแฟ, ร้านกาแฟ |
| insect คำนาม | /ˈɪn.sɛkt/ | แมลง |
| ecosystem คำนาม | /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ | ระบบนิเวศ |
| lime คำนาม | /laɪm/ | มะนาว |
| depend คำกริยา | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | พึ่ง |
| biodiversity คำนาม | /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/ | ความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ |
| hydroxide คำนาม | /haɪˈdɹɒks.aɪd/ | ไฮดรอกไซด์ |
| inject คำกริยา | /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/ | ฉีดยา |
| kilometre คำนาม | /kɪˈlɑmɪtəɹ/ | กิโลเมตร |
| nectar คำนาม | /ˈnɛk.təɹ/ | น้ำทิพย์ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| pick up คำกริยา | ยก, หยิบ |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Do you have her direct line?
- Yes, it's in my contact somewhere.
- Do you want me to tell you anything about the registration process?
- What about my passport?
- I wouldn't get stressed about the interview, though.
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've heard · I've covered · I've mentioned |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | will be played · will be given · is called |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | age, which is · solution which has · rainforest, which is |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 59 ครั้ง เช่น I'm, don't, isn't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, leisurely /ˈliʒɚli/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, selfish /ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: eucalyptus /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/, vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, amicably /ˈæ.mɪ.kə.bli/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: eucalyptus /ˌjuː.kəˈlɪp.təs/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, tropical /ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/, clerical /ˈklɛɹɪkəl/, envious /ˈɛnviːəs/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: vegetation /ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/, advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, biodiversity /ˌbaɪoʊdəˈvɚsəti/, envious /ˈɛnviːəs/, rivalry /ˈɹaɪ.vəl.ɹi/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: advertise /ˈædvɚˌtaɪ̯z/, apologize /əˈpɑləˌd͡ʒaɪz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง eucalyptus, sibling, rainforest เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ