ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Cunk's Best One-Interview Experts - Part 1
กำลังสร้างบทเรียน...
1
So, is this the actual Doomsday book?
2
This is the actual Doomsday book, yes.
3
And it's usually under glass, isn't it, this book?
4
Well, usually it's not accessible at all, so it's very rarely on display.
5
So this is really quite a special occasion that we've got it out for you to be able to see it today.
6
So, you're not allowed to touch it?
7
No. I thought that was because of the curse.
8
The curse?
9
Yeah.
10
I heard that there was a curse on it.
11
I've definitely not heard that, so I don't think there's a curse.
12
I thought it was going to be like, you know, Raiders of the Lost Ark?
13
Mm-hm.
14
Where that Nazi gets his face melted off.
15
Yeah, yeah.
16
I thought it was going to be like that.
17
I'm afraid not.
18
Oh.
19
If we came from monkeys, why are there still monkeys?
20
Because some of those monkeys that lived a long time ago turned into other monkeys that we see today, like chimp monkeys and so on.
21
Right.
22
So the monkeys that didn't turn into humans, They must be gutted that they didn't turn into humans.
23
Right, sometimes when I watch these past life hypnosis programmes on satellite channels, all the people on those,
24
they're always ladies-in-waiting or gladiators.
25
They're never monkeys.
26
Why is that?
27
Um, probably because they don't actually remember their past lives.
28
It's probably not true.
29
But I find it easier to believe that I was a lady-in-waiting than a monkey.
30
Well, it's maybe easy to believe that your ancestors were ladies-in-waiting.
31
The monkeys.
32
But I don't see the problem between believing both that your ancestors were ladies-in-waiting a few hundred years ago...
33
No, before that.
34
...and before that were monkeys.
35
Monkey ladies-in-waiting.
36
How much money gets made at Christmas?
37
All together, I'm sure we spend hundreds of millions of pounds at Christmas.
38
And how big a cot does the church get?
39
The church doesn't get anything.
40
They don't get anything?
41
No, no. The supermarket near me has got about 30 tills.
42
How many tills does Amazon have?
43
They must have loads.
44
They don't have any tills.
45
What?
46
They have a computer.
47
One computer?
48
Yeah, because no-one goes there, do they?
49
They just...
50
I thought they'd still have to wring it through.
51
No, the computer does all that.
52
So there's one man at a computer just going?
53
No, I don't think there's a man.
54
No, no, it just goes automatically.
55
You do that, you're the till.
56
Did the printing press actually change anything of significance?
57
If Gutenberg hadn't invented printing, which meant that ideas could be communicated throughout the world,
58
our culture would not have developed in the same way as it has.
59
So in many ways he has made the world our modern world today.
60
So that's your idea of significant.
61
So how does the Doomsday book compare to a book like The Runaway by Martina Cole?
62
Well I've not read The Runaway by Martina Cole but I think, okay, I think that's a work of fiction So it's a made-up story,
63
whereas Doomsday is recording the land and landholding in England before the Norman Conquest and after the Norman Conquest.
64
It kind of lists who holds land and what's within that land and how much it's worth, and it does that in a lot of detail.
65
So Roger holds a land here called, it's just called Mildahope.
66
It's probably going to have a different name now.
67
So how can we free the people living in this book?
68
Well, they don't live in the book.
69
But their souls are inside the book.
70
I don't think that's necessarily true.
71
I think this records information about them, but it's not...
72
They're not in there.
73
It's just, you know, it's just a record about them.
74
It doesn't sort of contain their being or anything like that.
75
We don't need to worry about them.
76
You sure?
77
I'm sure.
78
I've got an expert here with me.
79
Or have I?
80
Or am I here?
81
Maybe I'm imagining them, or they're imagining me.
82
Or am I?
83
Hello, philosophy lady.
84
Am I here?
85
Yes.
86
How do you know?
87
Well, I can see you, I can probably feel you, I can hear you.
88
What a lovely warm hands.
89
Thank you.
90
It is possible that I'm dreaming.
91
Yeah.
92
Or I could be dreaming too, couldn't I?
93
Oh, you could be dreaming, yes, but you asked me whether you were here.
94
So if you would dream, if I was dreaming, that wouldn't have happened?
95
No, if you were dreaming, that wouldn't have happened.
96
If I were dreaming, then my belief that you are here might be false.
97
Right.
98
And unless I can tell that I'm not dreaming, therefore, it's possible that you're not here.
99
Yeah.
100
But if we both sort of nip ourselves...
101
Well, the trouble with nipping yourself like that is you might dream that as well.
102
I mean, any test you can do to see whether you're awake, you could do when you're asleep.
103
Any belief that could be false
104
if you were asleep is a belief of whose truth you can't be certain unless you can be certain that you're awake.
105
A lot of revolutions seem to be about poor people overthrowing the rich.
106
Do you think billionaires like Elon Musk should be worried about getting guillotined?
107
I think that the French Revolution certainly made a lot of people who were powerful very, very worried about their existence.
108
I suppose Elon Musk could invent a machine that chops his own head off electronically before the mob arrives.
109
Ah, you know much more about this than I do.
110
I'm just guessing.
111
What is a building?
112
A building is anything that anyone has built.
113
So my shoes are a building?
114
They may not be a building, they're a physical object.
115
I guess a building is also something that people in some way live in or inhabit.
116
Right.
117
My nephew makes buildings in Minecraft.
118
How much more does he need to do to be considered a qualified architect?
119
Well, to be a qualified architect in this country, you have to study five years at university and do at least two years in professional practice.
120
And how many of those years would be studying Minecraft?
121
Very few of them.
122
You could continue looking at Minecraft at the same time, but you wouldn't normally use Minecraft as part of an architectural education.
123
Have you thought about just selling celebrities, you know, for their organs?
124
Because I'm sure someone would pay a fortune for, like, John Bishop's kidneys.
125
No, we haven't thought of that, and I think that the comedians do quite a lot for us sometimes that they don't want to do,
126
and I suspect the sale of bodily parts would be slightly more than they or their representatives would.
127
Bit talking point, though, wouldn't it, if you had John Bishop's kidneys?
128
It would be a slightly morbid talking point if John was no longer alive.
129
Mm.
130
I killed John Bishop. Did you?
131
No, no, no, I'm just saying, I killed John Bishop would be an odd talking point.
132
Why did Stone Age people bury all their stuff underground?
133
Were they worried someone might steal it?
134
No, that's how we find it.
135
It wasn't always underground.
136
It was on the top.
137
The reason we find it as archaeologists is that we go out and we dig it up.
138
Oh.
139
How will the world end?
140
Well, the sun will run out of fuel in about four billion years or so.
141
And actually, before that, it will begin to swell up, expand.
142
And so we think the Earth will get incinerated Do you think we might be able to do something about it?
143
Stop it being incinerated?
144
Yeah, stop it being incinerated.
145
Or the sun burning the earth.
146
Can't we put it out with a big hose or something?
147
It's an inevitable consequence of the laws of nature.
148
You're pleased with that, are you?
149
You're happy with that.
150
You can live with that.
151
Well, there's nothing I can do.
152
Also, the Andromeda galaxy is going to hit us.
153
The Andromeda galaxy?
154
A whole galaxy is going to hit us?
155
Yeah.
156
On about the same time scale, actually.
157
So as the sun runs out of fuel and expands and incinerates the Earth, a galaxy of 400 billion stars is going to collide with us.
158
You're much gloomier than I expected, cos you're quite smiley.
159
Well, yeah, well, it's quite a long time in the future in the future.
160
Speaking as an expert in architecture, do you ever watch Homes Under the Hammer?
161
No, I don't, no. You don't watch Homes Under the Hammer?
162
I've never seen it, no. You've never seen Homes Under the Hammer?
163
I've never seen Homes Under the Hammer.
164
Why not?
165
You must have heard about it.
166
I haven't heard about it, no. Don't you and the other architects talk about it?
167
It's not a subject that's ever come up, no. I think you'd enjoy it.
168
I think you'd get a lot out of it.
169
I shall go and have a look, yes.
170
Yeah, I think you should.
171
What's the most disgusting thing you've heard someone do with a red nose?
172
Because my mate Paul, he did this party trick that he always does with a red nose,
173
and he put it sort of on his intimate skin, and it sort of tore it and he went septic.
174
Actually, I think that might mean he qualifies for some sort of charity money.
175
That is the first and most disgusting thing I've heard done with the red nose.
176
It's awful, isn't it, to think what people might be doing with them right now.
177
So after the universe ends, there'll be nothing.
178
Depends what you mean by after the universe ends.
179
When it's exploded.
180
Well, it's not going to explode.
181
It's going to, we think.. we think, carry on expanding.
182
Right. And then...
183
Forever.
184
Well, that would be fine, won't it?
185
We need the space.
186
You get to the point that it carries on doing that, then galaxies get ripped apart, and then solar systems get ripped apart, and then even planets get ripped apart,
187
and even atoms get ripped apart.
188
But so what?
189
All the stars will die, even all the black holes that are left, the final sort of endpoints of the most massive stars will evaporate away.
190
So can we, could we fall down a black hole?
191
Yeah, you could fall into one.
192
Is that the same, because I heard that you could be, if, you know, this is one way that the world could end,
193
is that we're all just sucked off through a hole?
194
It's, uh, it's a- I mean, that must be terrible.
195
Can you imagine what it would feel like to be sucked off through a hole?
196
Yeah.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดระดับ B2 นี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Cunk's Best One-Interview Experts - Part 1” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: monkey, dreaming, heard วิดีโอนี้มี 196 ประโยค และ 1820 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 10:33 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 173 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 83% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก จากทั้งหมด 196 ประโยค มี 54 ประโยคเป็นคำถาม จึงเหมาะสำหรับฝึกน้ำเสียงประโยคคำถามและการตอบสั้น ๆ
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ยากที่สุด 15 คำในวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| monkey คำนาม | /ˈmʌŋki/ | ลิง |
| curse คำนาม | /kɝs/ | สาป, คำสาป |
| architect คำนาม | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | สถาปนิก |
| ancestor คำนาม | /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/ | บรรพบุรุษ, บรรพชน |
| invent คำกริยา | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | คิดค้น |
| explode คำกริยา | /ɪkˈsploʊd/ | ระเบิด |
| kidney คำนาม | /ˈkɪdni/ | ไต, วักกะ |
| collide คำกริยา | /kəˈlaɪd/ | โดน, ชน |
| evaporate คำกริยา | /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/ | ระเหย |
| gladiator คำนาม | /ˈɡlædiˌeɪ̯tə/ | กลาดิอาตอร์ |
| guillotine คำนาม | /ˈɡɪləˌtin/ | กิโยตีน |
| smiley คำนาม | /ˈsmaɪli/ | สไมลีย์ |
| overthrow คำกริยา | /ˌoʊvɚˈθɹoʊ/ | โค่น |
| swell คำกริยา | /swɛl/ | บวม, โป่ง |
| atom คำนาม | /ˈætəm/ | ปรมาณู, อะตอม |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| go out คำกริยา | ออก, ออกไป |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- So, you're not allowed to touch it?
- Can't we put it out with a big hose or something?
- You're pleased with that, are you?
- A whole galaxy is going to hit us?
- Don't you and the other architects talk about it?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| ประโยคเงื่อนไข if + อนุประโยค, will/would + กริยา — เงื่อนไขและผลลัพธ์ | if you were dreaming, that wouldn't have |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | I've definitely not heard · has made · I've not read |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | must be gutted · could be communicated · be considered |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 69 ครั้ง เช่น don't, you're, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: archaeologist /ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/, electronically /ˌɛl.ɛkˈtɹɒn.ɪk.li/, evaporate /ɪˈvæp.ə.ɹeɪt/, gladiator /ˈɡlædiˌeɪ̯tə/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง monkey, curse, architect เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ