ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Stop Saying "I Have Went" — Learn Present Perfect the Right Way
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Hey, everyone.
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Welcome back to The Learning Lab, the podcast where we make English learning feel like you're just hanging out with friends,
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not sitting in a boring classroom.
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I'm Jame, and as always, I'm sitting here with the one and only...
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Jenny, that's me.
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Hi, hi, hi, everybody.
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Oh my gosh, I'm so happy to be back because last week was, okay, real talk.
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I totally lost my voice on the day we were supposed to record, and I felt so bad.
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But I'm back now.
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My voice is working again.
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So let's go.
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She really did.
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She sent me a voice message and I could barely understand anything she was saying.
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It sounded like she was whispering from inside a pillow.
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Very dramatic, Jenny.
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Very dramatic.
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But okay, okay.
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Today's episode, we have something really, really good for you guys.
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Yes.
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Today we are talking about, okay, this is one of those grammar points that I feel like everyone hears about and immediately goes,
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Oh no, not this one.
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But I promise, I promise, by the end of this episode, you are going to feel so much more confident.
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We're talking about the present perfect tense.
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The present perfect.
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And honestly, I remember when I first learned this tense, I was so confused.
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I kept thinking, wait, is this past?
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Is this present?
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Why is it called present perfect if it talks about things that already happened?
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Like, what does that even mean?
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And I think a lot of learners feel exactly the same way, right?
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Oh, absolutely.
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That was 100 % me, too.
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I used to just avoid it completely, like I would just use simple past for everything and hope nobody noticed.
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I go to the store yesterday.
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Yikes.
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Yeah, not great.
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But we're going to break it all down today in the most simple, relaxed way we can, so don't worry.
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And if you're new here, welcome.
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We are so glad you found us.
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This podcast is made for intermediate English learners who want to understand grammar in a way that feels natural and not scary.
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We explain things like two real people talking, because that's literally what we are.
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Two real people talking.
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Two very imperfect people talking about the present perfect.
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Okay, I love that.
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That's so funny.
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All right, James, shall we get into it?
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Let's start from the beginning.
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Like, what even is the present perfect, and why do we need it?
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Okay, so let's start with the big question.
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What is the present perfect?
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In the simplest way I can say it, the present perfect is a tense we use to talk about things that happened in the past,
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but they still have some kind of connection to right now, to the present.
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That's the key idea.
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The past happened, but it's still relevant now right right
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and that's what makes
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it different from the simple past like the simple past just says something happened full stop done finished goodbye
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but the present perfect says something happened
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and it still matters in some way right now does
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that make sense let me try to give a quick example
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so people can feel the difference yes please give us an example
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Jenny because I think examples are everything with this tense like you can explain the rules all day
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but examples are what make it click in your brain okay
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so imagine i ate breakfast this morning that's simple past right i ate it it's done end of story
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but now imagine someone asks hey are you hungry do you want some food
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and i say no thanks i'm good i've already eaten you hear
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that that's present perfect because whether i ate matters right now it explains why i don't want food at this moment.
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Oh, that is such a good example.
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And honestly, food examples are the best because everyone understands food, you know?
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No matter what language you speak, everyone has eaten something and everyone knows what hungry feels like.
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But okay, so let's talk about how to actually make this tense because before you can use it, you need to know the formula.
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Yes, okay, so the structure, the formula for present perfect is actually really clean.
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It goes subject, then the verb have or has, and then the past participle of the main verb.
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So I have plus the past participle or he has plus the past participle.
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That's it.
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That's the whole formula.
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Simple, right?
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Wait, wait, wait.
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I want to make sure everyone heard that clearly.
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So have or has.
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When do we use which one?
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Because I know that trips people up a lot.
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Like I used to just randomly pick one and hope for the best.
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Not a good strategy, by the way.
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Okay, so this part is easy, really.
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you use have with i you we and they
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and you use has with he she and it
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so i have eaten you have eaten we have eaten they have eaten
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and then he has eaten she has eaten it has gone wrong you know does
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that help perfect yes and in everyday speaking we usually shorten have and has with contractions.
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So instead of, I have eaten, we say, i've eaten instead of she has gone we say she's gone that's really important to know
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because when you're listening to native speakers you'll almost never hear the full have you'll hear the short form
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so your ear needs to be ready for that yes
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and honestly this is why people sometimes feel like they missed something
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when listening to english because the have gets
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so squished it disappears into the sentence like i've been there sounds almost like i've been there
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when people talk fast don't panic when that happens just know
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that the present perfect is hiding in there okay
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so now the past participle because i know that's the part
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that can feel a little scary the past participle is basically the third form of a verb
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and for regular verbs totally easy
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you just add ed at the end walk becomes walked clean
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becomes cleaned watch becomes watched same as simple paths for regular verbs.
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Right, so I've watched that movie.
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Watch, watched, watched.
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Easy.
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But then there are the irregular verbs, and these you just have to learn.
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They don't follow the ED rule.
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Like eat, the past participle is eaten, not eated.
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Go becomes gone.
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See becomes seen.
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Write becomes written.
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Do becomes done.
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And look, I'm not going to lie to you.
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You do have to memorize a regular verbs there's no shortcut for that part
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but the good news is you probably already know a lot
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of them from basic vocabulary practice like have i've had lunch have had had
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and be she's been to japan be was been these start to feel natural with practice
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and speaking of been to i love that one
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because it comes up so often in real conversations like
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if someone asks have you ever been to thailand that's present perfect
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or I've never been to London and you can answer with yes I have
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or no I haven't
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that little exchange happens all the time at parties at work everywhere oh
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this is actually a great point one of the biggest uses of the present perfect is talking about experiences things
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you have done or haven't done in your life without saying exactly
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when like I have tried sushi or she has never ridden a horse.
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The when doesn't matter.
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What matters is whether the experience happened at all.
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That's so common in small talk.
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Exactly.
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And the words ever and never, those are your best friends with this use.
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Have you ever eaten durian?
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I mean, I have, and I'm still recovering emotionally from that experience, honestly.
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Durian is, it's a lot.
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If you don't know durian, it's a fruit that smells very strong.
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Very, very strong.
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Okay, so the other big uses of present perfect.
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Jenny, do you want to take the next one?
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I think the one about just, already, and yet is really practical, and people hear those words all the time.
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Oh, yes, yes, yes.
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Okay, so we also use present perfect with those little time words, just, already, and yet, and they are so useful.
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Just means something happened a very short time ago like i've just finished my homework
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i finished it like two minutes ago it's still fresh
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already means something happened sooner than expected like she's already left wow she left
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so fast and yet is for negatives
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and questions like i haven't eaten yet meaning i still haven't done it
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or have you paid yet meaning is it done i love those words
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because they carry
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so much meaning like yet in a question sounds a little impatient have you done
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it yet You can almost feel the person tapping their foot and already in a sentence can sound surprised.
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You've already finished
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It's amazing how much emotion is packed into those tiny words
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Tone matters so much in English and okay one more use because this is important
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We use present perfect when we're talking about something
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that started in the past and is still happening now this usually goes with for
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and since like I've lived in this city for five years it started five years ago
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and I'm still living here or she's worked at
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that company since 2018 she started in 2018
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and she's still working there now mmm
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and that's a big difference from the simple past because
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if you say I lived in this city for five years past tense that means you don't live there anymore.
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You moved.
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It's finished.
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But I've lived here for five years.
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You're still there, present and past, connected.
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That's the present perfect doing its job.
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Okay, I love how you said that, present and past, connected.
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That's honestly the best way to remember what this tense is doing.
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It's a bridge between then and now.
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It's not just history, it's living history.
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Okay, that was a bit tragic, but I think it's true.
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It's living history.
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I love that.
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Okay, so just to quickly recap the main uses before we move on.
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Number one, experiences in your life without saying when.
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Number two, things that just happened, already happened, or haven't happened yet.
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And number three, actions or situations that started in the past and are still true right now.
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Three uses.
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And they all use the same structure, have or has, plus the past participle.
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Three uses, one structure.
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Okay, I think we're ready to do a little role play, Jame, because I feel like we've been talking about the grammar for a while,
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and now it's time to actually hear it in a conversation, you know?
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Let's make it feel real.
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Hey, Jenny.
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Oh, wow, it's so good to see you.
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It feels like forever.
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I haven't seen you in months.
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What have you been up to?
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Jame, oh my gosh, I know.
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It's been so long.
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I'm good, actually.
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I've been really busy lately.
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I started a new job, and honestly, it's been a lot to handle, but I like it.
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No way.
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A new job?
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Have you ever worked in that field before
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or is it totally new for you kind of i've done a little bit of it before
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but nothing this big it's mostly new and you know i've already learned
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so many things in just the first few weeks it's intense
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but exciting what about you anything new actually yes
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i've just moved to a new apartment it happened like two weeks ago i'm still settling in
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but i love the neighborhood oh
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and this is random i've started cooking more at home like actually cooking not just making instant noodles.
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Wait, really?
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Wow, that's amazing!
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Have you tried making anything fancy yet, or still just the basic stuff?
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Okay, don't laugh, but I've tried to make pasta twice, and it went pretty well both times, although I burned the garlic the second time.
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It happens.
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But yeah, I've never felt more like a real adult.
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Burned garlic is part of the cooking experience, I think.
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You know, by the way, I've always wanted to visit that new Italian restaurant nearby.
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Have you been there yet?
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I haven't been there yet, no. We should totally go together.
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Let's make a plan before we both disappear for another six months, huh?
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Okay, did you all catch that?
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We just used the present perfect like seven or eight times in that little conversation, and it all sounded totally natural, right?
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It wasn't forced or weird.
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It just flowed, because that's how real people talk.
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You say, I've just moved.
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You say, have you been there yet?
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You say, I've always wanted to.
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It's everywhere once you start noticing it.
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Honestly, this is my favorite way to practice.
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Just listen to real conversations and try to spot the present perfect every time it appears.
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It's like a little grammar treasure hunt.
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You'll start seeing it everywhere in podcasts and TV shows and songs and texts from friends.
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Once you know what to look for, it's hard to miss.
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Okay, so now we get to my personal favorite part of every episode, which is the common mistakes section.
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And I say favorite because, look, I have made every single one of these mistakes myself, so I feel very comfortable talking about them.
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No shame, we all make mistakes.
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That's how we learn, right?
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Absolutely no shame.
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And honestly, knowing the common mistakes ahead of time, it's like having a map of the places where people usually get lost,
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so you can avoid those traps before you walk into them.
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Okay, Jenny, what's the first big mistake?
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Okay, mistake number one, and this is the classic, this is the one that almost every learner makes at some point.
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It's using the present perfect with a specific time in the past.
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Like saying, I have eaten sushi yesterday.
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That is wrong because yesterday is a finished specific time.
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It's gone.
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It's done.
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So you need simple past.
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I ate sushi yesterday.
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The present perfect doesn't go with specific finished times.
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Oh, yes.
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This is such a common one.
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I remember one time I said to my teacher, I have gone to the market last Saturday.
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And she looked at me with this very patient smile.
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You know, the smile where they don't want to embarrass you, but they need to correct you.
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And she said, Jane, that needs to be simple past.
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I still think about that moment.
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The patient teacher smile.
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I know exactly what you mean.
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OK, mistake number two.
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And this one is about gone and been.
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Lerner sometimes makes these up.
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So he has gone to Paris means he went to Paris and he's still there.
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He hasn't come back.
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But he has been to Paris means he went to Paris at some point in his life and he's back now.
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It's a small difference, but it actually changes the meaning completely.
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I love that example because it seems small, but imagine the confusion.
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My boss has gone to a meeting versus my boss has been to a meeting.
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In the first one, she's still in the meeting.
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In the second one, she already finished it and she's back.
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Very different situations.
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Very different consequences if you're trying to reach her. So practical.
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Okay, mistake number three, forgetting the past participle and using the simple past form instead.
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So saying things like I have saw that film instead of I have seen that film,
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or she has went there instead of she has gone there.
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I think this happens because people are thinking of the simple past form when they should be thinking of the past participle.
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They're related but different.
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And look, irregular verbs really are the thing here.
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If you're not sure about the past participle of a verb, just look it up.
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Keep a list of the most common irregular verbs and their past participle somewhere handy.
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Your phone, a notebook, a sticky note on your wall.
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Whatever works for you.
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Because once you know them, this whole tense becomes so much easier.
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Totally agree.
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And the last little mistake I want to mention, okay, this one is more about style, is forgetting to use contractions in speech.
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Like, in real conversation, nobody says, I have just eaten, in a natural, casual way.
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They say, I've just eaten.
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So when you're speaking, try to use the contracted form.
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It makes you sound so much more natural and fluent, and honestly, it's just easier to say, too.
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Yes, contractions are your friend in speaking, and in informal writing, too.
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Texting, social media, emails to friends.
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In formal writing, you might write the full form, but in real conversation, short form all the way.
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I've, she's, they've, he's.
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These are the building blocks of natural English speech.
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Okay, I can't believe we're already at the end of the episode.
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That always happens.
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We start talking and suddenly 40 minutes have gone by.
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But I feel like we covered so much today.
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Present perfect, structure, uses, examples, role play, mistakes.
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I feel like you guys are ready to go out there and use it.
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I really think so too.
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And listen, if there's one thing I want you to take away from today, it's this.
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The present perfect is your bridge.
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It connects the past to the present.
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When you want to say that something from before still matters right now, that's your tense.
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Use it.
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Practice it.
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Don't be afraid of it.
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You've got this.
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Literally, you've got this.
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That's present perfect right there.
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You've got this.
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Perfect ending line, Jame.
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And now your challenge for this week.
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We always give a little homework challenge, and I love this one because it's so easy to do anywhere.
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Your challenge is write three sentences about yourself using the present perfect, one about an experience you've had in your life,
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one about something that just happened or already happened, and one about something that you've been doing for a while using for or since.
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Just three sentences.
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You can write them in your notebook, type them in your phone notes, or even post them in our comment section.
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We read every single one.
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We really do.
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And if you're feeling brave, try to say them out loud.
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Actually speak them.
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Say, I've lived in my city for five years.
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Say, I've never tried skydiving.
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Say, I've just finished listening to this podcast.
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It sounds silly to talk to yourself, but your speaking skills will thank you later.
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I promise you that.
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I talk to myself in English all the time.
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And honestly, it's one of the best ways to practice.
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Nobody's watching.
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Nobody's judging.
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Just you and the present perfect building a beautiful relationship.
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Okay, Jame, any final words for our lovely listeners, Tay?
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Just thank you, thank you, thank you for spending your time with us at the Learning Lab.
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You have chosen to spend your free time learning something new, and that's genuinely something to be proud of.
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Language learning is hard.
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It takes time, and some days feel better than others.
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But you've made it this far, and that really matters.
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Keep going.
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We're rooting for you every step of the way.
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Beautifully said, Jayme.
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Okay, everyone, that's a wrap on today's episode of The Learning Lab.
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If you've enjoyed this episode, please share it with a friend who's learning English.
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Leave us a review if you can.
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It helps us so much more than you might think.
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And we'll see you in the next one.
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Take care of yourselves, practice your present perfect, and remember, you've got this.
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Bye.
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See you next week.
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Bye, everyone.
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Take care.
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บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Stop Saying "I Have Went" — Learn Present Perfect the Right Way” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: present, perfect, eaten, happened วิดีโอนี้มี 346 ประโยค และ 3326 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 18:42 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 178 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 88% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย
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คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| verb คำนาม | /vɝb/ | คำกริยา, กริยา |
| tense คำนาม | /tɛns/ | กาล |
| grammar คำนาม | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | ไวยากรณ์ |
| podcast คำนาม | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | พอดแคสต์, พอดคาสต์ |
| formula คำนาม | /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/ | สูตร |
| connect คำกริยา | /kəˈnɛkt/ | เชื่อม, ต่อ |
| sushi คำนาม | /ˈsuːʃi/ | ซูชิ |
| hungry คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | หิว, ท้องเลว |
| scary คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈskɛə.ɹi/ | น่ากลัว |
| homework คำนาม | /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ | การบ้าน |
| disappear คำกริยา | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | หาย, สูญ |
| garlic คำนาม | /ˈɡɑɹlɪk/ | กระเทียม |
| notebook คำนาม | /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ | สมุด |
| confused คำคุณศัพท์ | /kənˈfjuːzd/ | สับสน |
| silly คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈsɪl.i/ | โง่ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | ความหมาย |
|---|---|
| come back คำกริยา | กลับมา |
| go out คำกริยา | ออก, ออกไป |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- I kept thinking, wait, is this past?
- When do we use which one?
- Have you ever eaten durian?
- Jenny, do you want to take the next one?
- What have you been up to?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — การกระทำที่เริ่มก่อนหน้านี้และยังดำเนินอยู่ | we've been talking · you've been doing |
| “used to” used to + กริยา — นิสัยหรือสภาพในอดีตที่ตอนนี้ไม่เป็นแล้ว | used to just avoid · used to just randomly |
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | i've already eaten · has eaten · have eaten |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | is made · is eaten · wasn't forced |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 86 ครั้ง เช่น I've, I'm, don't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: sushi /ˈsuːʃi/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, casual /ˈkæʒ(u)əl/, confusion /kənˈfjuːʒən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/, emotionally /ɪˈməʊʃənəli/, intermediate /ɪn.tə(ɹ)ˈmi.di.ət/, beautifully /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: tense /tɛns/, practical /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.kəl/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, formal /ˈfɔɹməl/, intense /ɪnˈtɛns/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: verb /vɝb/, everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/, brave /bɹeɪv/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/, recover /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: confused /kənˈfjuːzd/, yourselves /jəˈsɛlvz/, memorize /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง verb, tense, grammar เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ