ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: What’s Wrong with the Way Americans Dress?
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127 ประโยค
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Have you ever seen American tourists?
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We're probably easy to spot.
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Americans are known for dressing very casually.
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Well, that and also speaking rather loudly.
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Maybe it's too kind to say we dress casually.
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Some people would outright call us slobs.
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We may deserve that criticism sometimes, like when some of us head to the ballet or other theater performances in jeans and sneakers.
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But we actually can dress nicely.
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It's just that we often don't and often no one is requiring us to.
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There are upscale restaurants, for example, with a dress code, but most Americans dine out at casual restaurants
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and the managers don't care if you just rolled out of bed.
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They're happy to welcome paying customers even in ripped in wrinkled clothing.
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Of course, there are basic requirements in public.
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Some business establishments post signs, no shirt, no shoes, no service.
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This means you have to at least have on shoes and a shirt in order to be served.
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You need to understand that for many Americans, comfort is a priority.
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A lot of the time you'll see us in athletic wear or active wear.
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Some people wear workout clothes even when they're not working out.
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The same is true of yoga pants.
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I admit that I stopped going to yoga class, but I still own and sometimes wear my yoga pants.
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What can I say?
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They're comfortable.
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Bike shorts are also popular because they're stretchy.
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And hey, isn't it great that you don't have to iron any of this stuff?
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Do you know that sweatpants have been around for over a hundred years?
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Of course, for many decades they were reserved for activities that actually made you sweat,
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but little by little, sweatpants became an everyday article of clothing for Americans.
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We're not so bad that we wear sweatpants to work, but for a trip to the grocery store, they're acceptable.
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Maybe that surprises you.
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If that didn't, maybe this will.
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Did you know that some Americans take casual to the extreme and wear pajama pants outside the home?
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To the store, to school, on walks with the dog.
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And people don't look twice.
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Sweatshirts have also become very popular casual wear.
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Sweatshirts are like t-shirts in that they allow us to express our likes and our affiliations.
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Go to any college campus store and you'll see all kinds of expensive sweatshirts being sold.
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We wear clothing with school logos, sports team logos, city names, and other things we love.
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Last year, I bought a sweatshirt from my son's college in my show of support for his school.
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And at one event, they gave me a free cap and t-shirt, so now I own three articles of clothing with the school colors.
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But you know what one of my favorite school shirts is?
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It's for the Starfleet Academy.
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You have to be a Star Trek fan to understand that reference.
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I keep this t-shirt in my pajama drawer.
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It's too big for me, so it makes a nice sleep shirt.
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Okay, so I just mentioned baseball caps.
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This is one thing I've grown to dislike.
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Americans, especially the guys, wear baseball caps way too often.
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Sometimes they're hiding a bad hair day, but for many, it's just become a habit.
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I guess I don't mind too much, but in this respect, I'm a bit old-fashioned.
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I think guys should remove their caps at the dinner table.
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At a live event recently, I couldn't see the stage well because the man in front of me wore a baseball cap,
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and he liked to nod in agreement a lot.
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He also turned his head this way and that, so he often blocked my view.
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At least sweatpants and sweatshirts don't obstruct others' views.
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Before I leave the topic of sweatshirts fully behind, I need to tell you about hoodies.
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These are sweatshirts with hoods.
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For some people, they're an alternative to a jacket.
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Americans like to dress in layers.
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Hoodies often go over t-shirts.
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They can also be worn under a jacket and the hood can substitute for a hat.
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Incidentally, not all of our t-shirts are oversized and sloppy.
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We also buy so-called luxury t-shirts or premium tees that are free of big logos and bright graphics.
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They can be paired with nice jeans or dress pants.
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Yes, we do usually own at least one pair of nice jeans, meaning they don't have rips, holes, or stains.
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They're usually dark in color.
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There's one awful trend with baggy jeans that will hopefully end in my lifetime.
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Some young American men wear very loose-fitting jeans, and they're constantly sagging down from the waist, so half a guy's underwear is showing.
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I can't figure out why this is considered a cool look, but to each his own, as we say.
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It's fair to say that Americans love jeans.
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In fact, we also like denim jackets.
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But there are other favorites.
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to jeans are khakis and cargo pants.
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Both men and women wear these.
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They're both durable and, you guessed it, comfortable.
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In fact, many companies that have a dress code require employees to wear either dark jeans or khakis, along with a polo shirt.
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If a warm layer is needed, then a pullover or full zip fleece is a common choice.
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American men still wear dress shirts and they'll put on a tie if it's an important occasion, but polo shirts are a compromise.
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They have a collar, but they're soft and stretchy like a t-shirt.
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Honestly, it's not often you see American men in suits and ties.
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Of course, most grooms still wear a tuxedo, but some American couples choose to dress down on their wedding day.
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Do you know what else has changed over the years?
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It used to be the norm to wear black dress clothes for funerals.
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But even here, etiquette has relaxed.
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It would still be in bad taste to wear bright colors and ultra-casual athletic wear to a funeral home, but people are generally more casual these days,
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and other colors have become normal.
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As I was saying earlier, not many men wear a suit and tie to work every day.
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Dress shirts are still common, and it looks It's nice to tuck them in, but in many offices, it wouldn't be an infraction to have an untucked shirt.
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Women too have become more casual on work days.
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Skirts are still fashionable, but in colder weather, they're not practical.
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Both women and men have found that a stylish blazer can be paired with casual pants, and this is an acceptable look for the workplace.
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As far as school goes, it depends.
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There are some schools that have a uniform and some have a dress code, so students can't show up in swimsuits.
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But here in Massachusetts, I've seen all kinds of fashion choices among the youth.
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What some may call beachwear, others call their daily wardrobe.
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I've seen teens go to school in shorts in the wintertime.
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And what's on their feet?
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Flip-flops.
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Kids argue that they're comfortable and it's easy to put them on and take them off.
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I'll admit that I own flip-flops, but I don't wear them often.
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I actually inherited a few pairs from my cousins when they cleaned out their closets.
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One kind of footwear I don't own is called Crocs.
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They don't suit my taste at all, but they've certainly become popular among young people.
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Crocs are slightly better than flip-flops because they have a back strap, but they really don't offer much foot support.
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I wouldn't attempt to run around a track in them.
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Not everyone goes around in flimsy shoes.
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Many Americans wear sneakers.
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In fact, most of us own more than one pair.
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Some have quite an extensive collection.
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For women especially, we like to have athletic shoes for actual physical activity, and then at least one nicer,
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more fashionable pair of sneakers for social events.
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I confess to owning four pairs of sneakers.
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One is my everyday pair for walking the dog and going to the grocery store.
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The others are more stylish and go well with casual clothes when I want to look just a little dressy.
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By the way, did you know that different parts of the country call athletic shoes by different names?
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I grew up in Pennsylvania saying tennis shoes, but here in New England, I learned to say sneakers.
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The funny thing is that Americans tend to own a lot of shoes and clothes, so you'd think that we would look stylish every day.
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And to be fair, some do.
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There are well-dressed people in this country.
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But I guess the majority of us prefer comfortable casual wear, so we fall back on our usual favorites – jeans, tees, and sneakers.
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We reserve our nicer clothing for special occasions.
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So what do you think?
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Can you forgive us Americans for dressing very casually most of the time?
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Let me know your opinion of American fashion in the comments.
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I hope you enjoyed hearing my thoughts on this topic.
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You can access the full transcript and download the PDF as a free member of my English with Jennifer community on Patreon.
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Visit my website to learn how to join, EnglishWithJennifer.com.
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Thanks for listening, and happy studies!
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เกี่ยวกับบทเรียนนี้
ในบทเรียนนี้ ผู้เรียนจะได้พัฒนาทักษะการฟังและการพูดภาษาอังกฤษโดยเฉพาะจากวิดีโอที่พูดถึงสไตล์การแต่งตัวของชาวอเมริกัน ผู้เรียนจะได้รับข้อมูลเชิงลึกเกี่ยวกับวัฒนธรรมการแต่งตัว ความนิยมในเครื่องแต่งกายที่สะดวกสบาย และแนวคิดเกี่ยวกับการแต่งตัวในโอกาสต่างๆ การเรียนรู้จากวิดีโอบนยูทูปนี้จะช่วยให้คุณสามารถนำคำศัพท์และวลีใหม่ๆ ไปใช้ในชีวิตประจำวันได้มากขึ้น
คำศัพท์และวลีสำคัญ
- แต่งตัวแบบธรรมดา (dressing casually)
- เครื่องแต่งกายสบายๆ (comfortable clothing)
- กฎการแต่งตัว (dress code)
- กางเกงขาสั้น (shorts)
- เสื้อเชิ้ตทางการ (dress shirt)
- รองเท้าผ้าใบ (sneakers)
- เสื้อยืด (t-shirt)
- เสื้อฮู้ด (hoodie)
เคล็ดลับการฝึก
เพื่อให้คุณสามารถยกระดับทักษะการฟังและพูดของคุณได้มากขึ้น ลองใช้เทคนิค shadow speech ด้วยการฟังวิดีโอในระดับความเร็วปกติแล้วพยายามเลียนแบบเสียงและน้ำเสียงของผู้พูด โดยเฉพาะคำหรือวลีที่คุณไม่คุ้นเคย สิ่งนี้จะช่วยให้คุณพัฒนาทักษะการออกเสียงและจังหวะการพูดภาษาอังกฤษได้ดียิ่งขึ้น
ในระหว่างการฝึก อย่าลืมที่จะหยุดวิดีโอบ้างเพื่อให้คุณได้มีเวลาทบทวนและซ้อมคำศัพท์ที่เรียนรู้ หากคุณใช้ shadowing site ที่มีวิดีโอหลายประเภท คุณจะสามารถฝึกฟังและพูดใน context ที่หลากหลายได้ สุดท้าย หากคุณรู้สึกไม่สะดวกใจที่จะพูดออกเสียงในครั้งแรก ลองทำซ้ำหลายๆ ครั้งเพื่อให้มั่นใจในความถูกต้อง
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | Have you ever seen · have been · have also become |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | are known · be served · were reserved |
| ความเป็นไปได้ด้วย “might / may” might/may + กริยา — สิ่งที่เป็นไปได้แต่ไม่แน่นอน | may deserve · may call |
| อนาคตด้วย “will” will + กริยา — การตัดสินใจ คำสัญญา หรือการคาดการณ์ | you'll see · will hopefully end · they'll put |
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ