ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Why Gen Z Desperately Craves A Medieval Renaissance
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There's been a growing trend recently of people looking back to previous times like the medieval period
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or the renaissance period and longing to live back in those times
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or trying to cultivate a more renaissance approach to life today
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because they view those times back then as a time of more meaning or more purpose.
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And they feel like modernity is an era that lacks meaning or lives in this constant state of existential crisis.
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And while some people dismiss these arguments and dismiss these people as saying
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that they're only looking back at a time with rose -tinted glasses
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and they're not seeing it in its entirety and that people back then lived lives way worse off than we do today,
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I do think that critique slightly misses the point.
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Because people aren't looking back at those times and wishing to live like they did physically.
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They're looking back to those times and wishing to live like they did mentally.
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Because while, yes, they did suffer more physically and died of a younger age and had more disease, more illness and more violence,
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they didn't suffer the same way existentially and mentally.
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And if you ask most people to trade a longer, safe life for a life of more meaning,
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fulfillment, and adventure, they probably would make that trade.
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And so while there are many people out there talking about how we need to completely upend modernity
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and rewrite all of our politics and big societal ways of life in order to cultivate more meaning,
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I think we can look at this from a smaller angle
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and look at how we can take ideas from the medieval period
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and the renaissance period
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and apply it in our own lives practically in order to cultivate a more meaningful and purposeful and fulfilling life ourself.
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Because while we can all argue that modernity should change and that the world should change,
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how many people really have the ability to create that change?
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I certainly don't, you certainly don't, or most people watching this video certainly don't.
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And so the best thing we can do is just try
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and take ideas and practically apply it ourselves so that at least we can cultivate a life of more fulfilment.
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Because while we may think that it's modernity's fault that we don't feel fulfilled,
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I think there are a few lessons we can learn from the Renaissance period and the great
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Renaissance figures and look at how they lived and how they created meaning
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and purpose in their own life and see how we can do just that ourselves on a smaller scale.
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And so this video is going to be broken up into two parts,
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with part one being the three principles of meaning and purpose from both the Renaissance and the medieval period,
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and part two being a practical guide for how you can apply these principles in your own life starting today.
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And in order to extract those principles, we're going to look at the Oxford history of the Renaissance,
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because it talks about the Renaissance period and also relates it to the period which came before, which is, of course, the medieval period as well.
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And so it's a two birds with one stone or one book situation, because it does give you great insight into the medieval period as well.
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And it truly is my favorite book when it comes to the Renaissance.
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And so, with that said, let's get started with part one of this video and principle number one, which is the modern misunderstanding of purpose.
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The interesting thing about the Renaissance period was
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that it actually came out of a time where people felt like they were lacking meaning and purpose,
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and they wanted to change society to cultivate more purpose.
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So it was very similar to the period that we're living in today.
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And what they did back then was turn their eyes back to the ancient
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Greeks and look at how they looked at cultivating meaning and purpose themselves, and they tried to replicate that in their own time.
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And the interesting way at which they looked at purpose
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that was different to the way that we look at purpose is that for them, purpose wasn't found by endless introspection.
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For them, the real definition of purpose was a problem in the world
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that you feel you can fix with a skill that you have mastered.
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And so it really breaks it down into a tangible element where in order to find your purpose,
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the first step you need to do is look out at the world.
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Not look inward, but look out.
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Look at what you're interested in, what you're naturally energized about.
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Because we are all interested in at least something.
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Some people are interested in sport.
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Some people are interested in politics.
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Some people are interested in art, music.
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Some people feel like there's a problem in technology
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that they can solve or that they want to at least try and solve.
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But we all have our own interests.
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We all have our own problems that we want to try and solve.
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We all have a topic of interest that we want to try and explore.
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And so the first step when trying to find your purpose is not sitting back and looking inward, but looking at what gives you energy.
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And then once you've found what gives you energy, the second step is to look at what skills you have in proximity to yourself
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that you can try and learn and master
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and then use in order to explore or solve a specific problem or interesting topic.
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And so the way to look at this would be to look at two of the most famous
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Renaissance writers, being Shakespeare and Niccolo Machiavelli.
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They both mastered the same skill of language and writing, but they were doing it for different purposes.
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They were trying to solve different problems.
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William Shakespeare was much more of a psychologist or psychiatrist, where he was interested in what makes humans tick, how do we truly operate.
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And yes, he explored relationships and power like Machiavelli, but he also explored so many other elements of the human psyche,
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whereas Niccolò Machiavelli was very much interested in just power, how power works, how you lose it,
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how you gain it, everything about human society and power.
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And so the interesting thing there is that they both turned to the same skill for different reasons,
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and that's because that was the skill that they had proximity to in order to explore the topic they wanted to explore,
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and that's what gave them purpose.
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And so the way to look at this is
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that writing is not your purpose or being a blacksmith is not your purpose.
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Your purpose is the problem you want to solve.
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Your purpose is the topic that you're interested in
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and you're just going into a skill and trying to master it in order to explore that topic or solve that problem.
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And this really breaks it down
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because it's easy in the modern world to look out at all the different avenues
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and social media and all the different skills that people have mastered.
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But the reality is that some skills or some job opportunities you just don't have in proximity to yourself.
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You might not be in the right location for it.
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You might not have grown up around it.
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There are certain skills you have in proximity to yourself, but you can use that skill to try and solve a bigger problem.
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And you can do it with almost anything.
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A more contemporary example of this would be Conrad Hilton, who wasn't just interested in growing hotels and expanding a hotel empire,
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but he constantly talked about his purpose being to bring a
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more connective environment throughout the world where people from all different nationalities and groups and religions could come together in a unique,
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fun resort experience and connect.
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And that could lead to better connection between people who are different, lead to less conflict.
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That was his idea and his avenue, his skill that he mastered to try and solve that problem was by starting a hotel chain.
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Now, not everyone can go out and start a hotel chain that requires a lot of contacts, that requires a lot of upstart money,
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potentially money coming from your parents.
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And so most people don't have that opportunity in front of them.
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But you can master another skill to try and connect people.
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You can do that through media, you can do that through writing, you can do that through launching a charity,
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you can do that through so many different avenues.
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And so the idea here is that it's not the skill that really matters, it's not the skill that gives you a purpose,
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it's what you're interested in
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and you just go to a skill that's in proximity to yourself
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that you can use to then explore what you're interested in.
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It's also not going to be fun.
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In the Renaissance era, people like Leonardo da Vinci had to go
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and do apprenticeships where they didn't necessarily enjoy the mastering of the skill,
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but once they had become proficient in the skill and they had gotten through that period of the suck, that period where it's not fun,
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it's not enjoyable because you're not good at this skill, they were then able to use that skill to explore what they were interested in.
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And so for Leonardo da Vinci, when it came to his art, he could explore higher philosophical and theological concepts,
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but also explore scientific concepts and human anatomy and engineering through his art, through his drawing.
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And so whatever he was interested in,
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he could find and cultivate purpose through using the skill that he mastered because he had proximity to that skill.
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And then once you've done that, once you've found the skill you're going to master and the problem and concept you're looking to explore and solve,
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now it comes down to principle number two, which is to set extremely high standards.
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Now, the Renaissance and medieval period are known for having very high standards in the work that they produced.
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You can go back to the 12th century when the medieval period.. built the Notre Dame Cathedral,
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which is one of the most beautiful architectural structures ever built.
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And then you can go into the Renaissance era where you look at some of the incredible sculptures of Michelangelo, the Sistine Chapel from Michelangelo,
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but also look at some of the incredible political works of Niccolò Machiavelli.
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Everything was done to a very high standard.
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And the reason they wanted to do it to a high standard was
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because that skill they were trying to master in order to solve this problem that they were very passionate about.
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When you're passionate about something, you're going to work harder to try and explore it and solve it.
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Think about it when you're at school.
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I know for myself, if I ever got a writing assignment about a topic I wasn't interested in, I didn't enjoy it.
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I didn't enjoy the writing process.
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But when I got an assignment about a topic I was interested in, all of a sudden, I enjoyed writing.
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All of a sudden, I set really high standards for my writing, for my grammar, my punctuation,
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for my flow and rhythm of the English language that I was using to explore this topic that I was interested in.
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It trickles down from having that passion to you setting high standards because you're actually interested in solving this problem.
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It's why a scientist will be able to write really well,
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really proficiently about a specific topic that they are trying to uncover
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or trying to fix or trying to solve or trying to prove.
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Whereas if you got them to write about anything else outside of the scientific realm, they probably wouldn't be that good at it.
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That's why they're not a professional writer.
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They're a scientist, but they're able to write because of what they're passionate about.
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And so it comes down to you setting those high standards for yourself because you're actually interested in that topic.
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But not only does that happen, but you also set extremely high standards in your routine, in your discipline.
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Because if you're passionate about something and you want to fix it, you're going to block out two,
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three hours before bed, two or three hours after you wake up to actually sit down
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and work hard and do it because you're interested in it.
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It gives you energy.
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And so all of a sudden, your life starts taking shape because you're setting these high standards.
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Your day has more of a routine than it did before.
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Your life has more of a direction than it did before.
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You walk with more meaning.
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You walk with more purpose.
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You actually feel energized when you wake up.
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And this has nothing to do with the bigger political realm.
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This has nothing to do with wider culture.
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This has everything to do with you finding your own purpose, finding the problem you want to solve,
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and having the skill that you're trying to master in order to solve the problem.
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This is your own personal creation.
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You create your purpose.
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You don't find it.
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If you're sitting back and just waiting for purpose to hit you in the head, it's just not going to happen.
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And that was the approach that the Renaissance period had where it differed to the medieval period.
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Both periods were grounded in a sense of purpose, but the medieval period believed that purpose was given to you from birth.
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If you're the son or daughter or whoever of a blacksmith, you're going to go into becoming a blacksmith.
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It was preordained, whereas in the Renaissance period, it was much more about creating your purpose.
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But both were very much valuing purpose, and both were eras at which everyone had some sense of purpose.
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But we live in a world similar to the Renaissance where you have to create purpose.
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And so that's the process of trying to create it.
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Whereas you go back to the medieval period, if you were just told you had to become a blacksmith, you still felt purposeful about it.
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Because if your community or group were going into a war about something that your country really cared about,
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all of a sudden you were doing a work for the church.
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You were working for God.
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Whether that's right or wrong, that's a whole other discussion.
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But the idea there is that you're trying to craft the best swords possible because you were doing it for your religion.
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You were doing it for your faith.
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There was still purpose there.
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But for us, we create our purpose much more like the Renaissance period.
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And so we have to follow their model and their steps when it comes to setting those high standards, having a high standard for your routine,
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and actually finding what it is you want to do.
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Which leads us in to the third principle of purpose from the medieval period and the renaissance period.
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This one draws more from the medieval period, and that is to have a long -term vision that is bigger than you.
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Something the medieval period did really well was that everything was tied to something bigger.
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They weren't sucked into just the worldly affairs of that day.
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They were very much concerned about future generations
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and about the.. eternal life of the human soul the eternal life of humanity
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and you don't have to be religious but you do know
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that after you're gone there are still going to be people on the planet continuing on humanity will continue
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and so they very much worked with that in mind
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which is why they constantly built structures where they knew
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they were never going to see the end result they were never going to see the end product, but future generations would.
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But what that did was that it contextualized everything they did
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and it gave them a moral framework because they weren't just trying to solve a problem, but they were trying to create a world.
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They were trying to shape the world in a way that they thought was good, right, and just.
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And that gives you an even more powerful purpose.
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That doesn't just give you a purpose, it dictates how you go about your purpose.
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A more contemporary example of this, and this might seem obscure, but you'll see why I'm choosing this example in the end,
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would be the American mafia.
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Because while they were criminals, while they did commit crime,
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some of those families had this long -term vision of just creating a good community for Italian -Americans.
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And so because of that, some families never got involved in the dealing of drugs, despite the fact it would make them money,
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despite the fact that dealing illicit substances would give them more profits,
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they worried that it would trickle down into their own community and ruin the people they're trying to protect.
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So even though they're criminals, even though they're bad people,
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it gave them a moral framework where they were able to say that this one action was wrong.
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That gave them a moral framework and a purpose
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that was bigger than them and was a world and community they were trying to create.
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And so if you do it in your own life
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and you come up with a long -term vision that is meant to be there for your children,
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for your children's children, or for the world at large down further, the Renaissance and medieval period believed that
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that gave you a moral framework for you to decide how you went about your own purpose, how you went about your own work.
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It doesn't just tell you – it won't allow you to do whatever it is you want, but it gives you a guiding post.
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It gives you a direction and a sense that you're moving in the right track, and you know what roads not to go down.
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You will become less distracted, and you will stay more focused and more disciplined because you have this long -term approach.
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At least that's what the medieval period believed, and at least that's what the Renaissance period believed as well.
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And so with that said, moving on from those three principles into a practical guide, part two of this video,
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how we can actually just do this today.
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Now, what I did after thinking about these processes and these principles
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and reading books like this one is I just simply opened up a document.
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And this is something I did quite a while ago to figure out what it is I want to do.
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And I'll give my own personal examples of how this has helped me as well.
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But what I did was I opened up a document and I wrote down in that document or in a notebook,
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wherever it is you want to write.
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What I did was I put down first what gives me energy.
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What am I actually interested in?
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And I wrote down all the different things I enjoy, all the different things that gives me energy.
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And then I wrote down the problems around that that I would like to solve.
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And you go through all of them and you pick out one.
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You pick out one which is above the rest, one that perhaps gives you more energy, gets your blood boiling even more.
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And so for me personally, when I wrote down all the things I enjoyed, which were books, movies, plays,
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performance, storytelling, out of that I looked at the problem I wanted to solve within it.
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And for me personally,
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it was taking storytelling and taking the higher arts of philosophy and literature and plays and storytelling more seriously.
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For me, I felt like modernity had treated it merely as escapism, merely as something just to be entertaining.
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And they were degrading the power of story, the power of philosophy, the power of the liberal arts and the importance of the liberal arts. And
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so I came up with a life purpose where all of my work would be dedicated towards trying to explore
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and talk about great books, talk about philosophy, film, storytelling, the liberal arts in a serious way,
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in a smart way, not in a way that was – it was merely just escapism, not in a way where it was merely just entertainment,
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but that it was actually something that mattered.
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And I looked at what skills I had in my own proximity to try and explore that and solve that problem.
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And for me, it was starting media.
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I had to learn the skill of talking on camera, of editing videos, of scripting out my own videos, learning the skill of social media,
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how to operate an Instagram, a TikTok, a YouTube, all of that I had to learn.
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But those were skills I had in proximity to myself to explore
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and use to try and solve this specific issue that I had.
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Whereas someone else might have the same issue and the same problem they're trying to solve.
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But for them, what's more in proximity to themselves is just writing.
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Perhaps they don't want to speak on camera.
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Perhaps they're not comfortable with it.
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And so what they did was start a sub stack.
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What they did was go on Twitter and put out daily tweets there are
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so many different angles you can go at this specific problem with
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but for me the skill that I felt I was closest to
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that I had proximity to one that I could try
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and master and get better at to try and solve
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and explore this problem was media and specifically video media like this one
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and so then after that you write down the skill you want to use how you want to do it
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And then once you've done that, you write down, why do you want to do this?
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What's the long -term vision?
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Where does this exist beyond yourself?
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What world does this create?
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And for me, my long -term vision was that
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if you have more people being inspired to take the liberal arts and books and philosophy more seriously, then you have more people thinking about them.
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And then you have even better ideas than I could possibly come up with
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because there'll be someone else smarter than me who can come up with a great idea
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and perhaps impact and shape the world in ways
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that we wouldn't have had if less people were taking storytelling and the liberal arts more seriously.
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As we all know, the Renaissance period changed the world,
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if not Europe, but I would say the entire world forever because of the seriousness that they took the liberal arts.
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And so hopefully, if I can inspire at least some people to go out and talk about this as well.
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They inspire more people.
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You all of a sudden have more brainpower, more people thinking about the liberal arts and perhaps creating better art, which exists way beyond me,
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which exists way beyond my own lifetime.
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And so that was my reasoning, my purpose, my long -term vision that was bigger than myself, so to speak. And
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so the answer to come up with the long -term vision
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of why it's bigger than you is to simply write down why do you even want to do this yes
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it's a problem you want to solve yes that's a skill you can try
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and master to solve that problem
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but why what's the why what's the purpose how does
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that give you a moral framework
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and contextualize how you're going to go about trying to follow this purpose
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and trying to live out this purpose and then once you've done that, you will have the motivation and the inspiration to try and do it,
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but you also need to write down a structure, a routine.
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You need to set specific assignments
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that you need to repeat in order to continue to create
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and produce because you can get stuck in just learning and thinking, but you also need to produce.
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So for me, because this is media, I know I need to get out a video a week.
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I know I need to get out articles on social media every week.
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I know I need to record multiple podcasts every week.
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And so I've set those assignments and they repeat and repeat and repeat.
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And I have to stay disciplined, but because I've written down in a document why I'm doing it,
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all of a sudden I'm more inclined to set those high standards and set those high standards, not just of the work,
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but of also the hours I need to put in to explore it.
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But that makes your life feel more fun.
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It's weird because when you're spending more time working
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and more time trying to follow a path that is tough
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that is tiring you feel more free you might be more restricted
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you're in this room more often you're working more often there's less options for you to go outside
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and do whatever you want but you actually feel more free you feel more fulfilled
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because you're doing something you love
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and i think that's something the renaissance had right is
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that they understood that you feel more free
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when you're tied to a purpose when you're tied to a mission
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and that that mission doesn't come to you it comes from you you have to create it
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and the only way you can really start to create it is following your own curiosity
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and following your own energy and so with that said
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that wraps up the renaissance
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and medieval video for today hope you guys enjoyed this one
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i hope you guys got some value from this um
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if you i also want to remind people
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that this is also on audio as a podcast now as well so
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if you can't catch the youtube video
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you can go to the audio podcast too once again hope you guys enjoyed it and until next time take care
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บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Why Gen Z Desperately Craves A Medieval Renaissance” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: purpose, skill, period, renaissance, solve วิดีโอนี้มี 309 ประโยค และ 4426 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 25:11 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วเป็นธรรมชาติ ประมาณ 176 คำต่อนาที ใกล้เคียงกับบทสนทนาในชีวิตประจำวัน 86% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| solve คำกริยา | /sɒlv/ | แก้, แก้ไข |
| explore คำกริยา | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | สำรวจ |
| topic คำนาม | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | หัวข้อ, กระทู้ |
| principle คำนาม | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | หลัก, คติ |
| sudden คำคุณศัพท์ | /ˈsʌd.ən/ | กะทันหัน |
| avenue คำนาม | /ˈæv.əˌn(j)u/ | ถนน |
| discipline คำนาม | /ˈdɪsəplɪn/ | วินัย |
| podcast คำนาม | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | พอดแคสต์, พอดคาสต์ |
| suffer คำกริยา | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | ตรำ |
| suck คำกริยา | /sʌk/ | ดูด |
| angle คำนาม | /ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ | มุม |
| connect คำกริยา | /kəˈnɛkt/ | เชื่อม, ต่อ |
| humanity คำนาม | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | มนุษยชาติ |
| scientist คำนาม | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | นักวิทยาศาสตร์ |
| necessarily คำกริยาวิเศษณ์ | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | ต้อง |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| go out คำกริยา | ออก, ออกไป | |
| sit down คำกริยา | นั่ง | |
| wake up คำกริยา | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | ตื่น, ตื่นนอน |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Think about it when you're at school.
- I didn't enjoy the writing process.
- What am I actually interested in?
- What's the long -term vision?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | There's been · have mastered · you've found |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | be broken · wasn't found · are known |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | before, which is · one, which is · people who are |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 85 ครั้ง เช่น you're, they're, don't ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “th”: rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/, theological /θi.əˈlɑd͡ʒɪkl/, blacksmith /ˈblæk.smɪθ/
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: passionate /ˈpæʃənɪt/, passion /ˈpæʃən/, inspiration /ˌɪn.spɪˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, motivation /ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: proximity /pɹɒkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, practically /ˈpɹæk.tɪ.k(ə.)li/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: skill /skɪl/, solve /sɒlv/, renaissance /ɹəˈneɪs(ə)ns/, medieval /mɪdˈi.vəl/, principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: solve /sɒlv/, medieval /mɪdˈi.vəl/, avenue /ˈæv.əˌn(j)u/, adventure /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/, whoever /huˈɛvɚ/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, physically /ˈfɪz.ɪ.kli/, resort /ɹɪˈzɔɹt/, energize /ˈɛnəd͡ʒaɪz/, escapism /ɪˈskeɪpɪzəm/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง solve, explore, topic เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ