Shadowing Practice: Alcohol is AMAZING - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Alcohol is the most harmful substance on Earth.
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Every year, it kills more people than terrorism, wars, homicides and car accidents combined.
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It injures tens of millions in accidents, violence and crime, while keeping hundreds of millions trapped in disease.
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If it didn't exist already, inventing it today would be unthinkable.
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And yet, more than 2 billion people drink.
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Most of us can't imagine a barbecue without beer, a wedding without wine, or a fancy soiree without champagne.
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We have a drink at the weekend, because it's the weekend, but also after work, where we're stressed and when we're relaxed.
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and happy, at home and outside.
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Alcohol is kind of a paradox.
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Why do we cling so much to the thing that harms us the most?
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You after one drink.
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Alcohol is a biological weapon that yeast produces during fermentation to wipe out its competition.
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In alcoholic drinks, it's mixed with water and flavored with everything from fruits to caramel.
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With just one sip, they head to your liver,
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your primary detox center, and to other organs like the brain.
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But your liver can only process about one sip of beer every five minutes.
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So unless you drink really slowly, it will become overwhelmed while an ever -growing swarm floods your brain.
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Here's where the chaos begins.
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The legion of intruders fills your brain and starts messing with neurotransmitters and receptors.
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Their sabotage is so complex that scientists aren't fully sure yet about all their mechanisms.
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numbs your neurons, making them slower, and disrupts their communication.
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This has several effects.
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It sedates you, melting away tension and stress.
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It stuns your prefrontal cortex, your center for decision -making and self -control, making you more disinhibited and prone to say or do things that you normally wouldn't.
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And it releases endorphins, feel -good molecules, deeply tied to human connection.
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The chemicals that we produce when we laugh, sing or dance with others, and which help us turn the fleeting moments into shared memories.
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So, after a drink or three, the world doesn't only feel lighter, it feels lighter with others.
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The invisible walls of insecurity around us begin to soften and you find yourself becoming a little more "you".
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Less afraid to talk, laugh, sing or share joys and sorrows.
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Conversations flow easier, smiles last a little longer and strangers can become friends or lovers more easily.
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So, for a
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while, it feels like the way to be a little bit more of being human isn't yours to carry alone.
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Alcohol sits at a sweet spot of gentle relaxation, mild courage and friendly companionship that makes it the perfect social lubricant.
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One that comes with quite a few costs.
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Your body on regular drinking.
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For billions, these rounds become more frequent over time.
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The occasional drink becomes a weekly habit, then a ritual every other day, catching up with friends or unwinding.
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And there's always this buddy who drinks way more and has a perfectly normal life.
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But as the rounds add up over years, the damage builds up.
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The alcohol molecule can dissolve in water and fat, which allows it to invade almost every cell and tissue.
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And when your body breaks it down, it transforms into acetaldehyde, a chemical that's even more toxic than alcohol itself and that wreaks havoc on your tissues,
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cells and DNA.
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In your brain, this shrinks your neurons and severs their connections, making it harder for different parts of the brain to communicate.
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As your brain withers, your memories fade, and your brain will be able to communicate your thinking slows down and your risk of dementia increases.
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When and how you drink matters.
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The younger you are, the wider the damage and the more you drink in one go, the worse you'll make it.
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The human brain isn't fully wired until your mid -twenties, so drinking before that age is like smashing wet cement before it's set.
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In 20 year olds, blackout drinking episodes have been found to cause mental problems for up to a year, forgetting why you entered a room or having difficulty learning new things.
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Smoking in late adolescence is also one of the highest risk factors for early onset dementia.
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Then there's cancer.
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Just as smoking hits your lungs, alcohol causes eight types of cancer, basically everywhere from mouth to bowel, plus breast cancer in women.
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Here, risks start at an average consumption of less than one glass of wine per day.
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Beyond that, risks increase.
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deaths.
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Another victim is your liver.
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Alcohol disrupts fat metabolism, causing fat to build up in your liver cells.
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But this often has no symptoms, so you may go on drinking as your liver slowly turns to fat, swells with inflammation, and starts to fail.
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The final stage is cirrhosis.
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Your liver is full of scars and barely functioning.
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This might take over 10 years, but once it appears, it's largely irreversible.
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Every year, 600 ,000 people die because they have a liver destroyed by alcohol.
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Drinking also weakens your heart, raises blood pressure, and increases the risk of stroke and thrombosis,
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leading to another 500 ,000 deaths from cardiovascular diseases every year.
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In terms of looks, too, alcohol damages cells around your body, including your skin, which looks older sooner.
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alcohol contain a lot of calories itself, it also makes many people very hungry.
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Drinking is a huge source of weight gain and increases the risk of obesity, opening the door to a cascade of other health problems.
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When scientists crunch these numbers, they see that health problems can start at about one beer a day,
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and that the chances of premature death start rising significantly at around three beers a day for men
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and less than two for women.
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The average man drinks the equivalent of almost three beers a day.
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The average woman almost one.
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Similar figures apply to much of the world, especially the West.
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There's no other drug we consume that gets so close to the edge of harm.
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It isn't only your body.
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Alcohol is unique for another reason: its unmatched ability to destroy others.
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into a clumsy critter eager to take really stupid risks, on a balcony, at sea, or on the road.
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Every year, alcohol -fuelled accidents kill 500 ,000 people, 300 ,000 of them in car accidents.
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But more than half of the people who died in those crashes didn't drink, they just died because someone else did.
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Alcohol is also one of the major causes of violence, from flights to the pub to domestic abuse, other brutal assaults and murder.
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50 % of all violent crime and sexual assault is committed by drunk offenders.
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Each year, alcohol -fueled crime kills about 100 ,000 people.
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That's a city like Pisa being massacred every year by a drunk mob.
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And then you have all the non -lethal victims.
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In England alone, 500 ,000 adults are injured every year in accidents caused by drunk people.
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Another 800 ,000 get hurt in violent attacks by drunk offenders.
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Dozens of millions are physically harmed by someone else's drinking.
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The most innocent bystanders are the 600 ,000 babies born every year with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder,
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a devastating lifelong condition caused by drinking during pregnancy.
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Alcohol is nothing short of a global catastrophe.
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The final toll: the hijacking of 400 million lives.
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When your drinking escalates to a point that it causes real harm to yourself or others, you've crossed the invisible line to alcoholism.
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An estimated 400 million people, one in 14 adults, are in this territory.
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The line is very fuzzy and varies from person to person, but if you consistently drink eight beers per week as a woman, 15 as a man, or five on the same day,
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you've either crossed the line or are dangerously walking towards it.
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Of those 400 million, more than half have fallen in the into an even deeper trap: dependence.
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When alcohol has become something that you physically or psychologically need.
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In Europe and the Americas, 1 in 20 adults are caught in this web.
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The stereotype of alcoholism is one of extremes.
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A homeless person clutching a bottle, or an always drunk father shouting at his kids.
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But it can be far more silent.
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A US study found that up to 50 % of all alcoholics may fly under the radar.
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They come in two main groups: unproblematic young adults and middle -aged professionals with successful careers and families.
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As one of them, you'll show no antisocial behavior.
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You'll fulfill your obligations.
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You'll probably have no diagnosed health conditions.
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But on average, you'll be having four beers a day and will get drunk every week.
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And neither you nor your family may notice.
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after work or at a party.
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But it's exactly that that makes alcohol so dangerous.
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No other drug is so widely accepted, casually consumed and easily ignored.
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So, okay, how did we come to this?
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A pact with the devil.
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We made a pact with alcohol to help us solve one of the greatest challenges of being human.
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Human interaction is messy.
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We long for closeness, but we're also anxious, awkward and wary of each other.
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Am I talking too much?
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Do they actually like me?
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What if I say something stupid?
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There are many ways to navigate this.
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Alcohol is not the solution, but it is definitely one of them.
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It is a real and effortless solution to the problem of connecting with others.
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Even for millennia, modest quantities of alcohol help strangers bond.
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And individuals who drink moderately and socially tend to have more friends, closer friendships, and higher levels of trust in others.
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So if we want to step away from alcohol, we need to be honest about what we gain from it.
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For millennia, we've been giving it our health and years of our lives.
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And in return, alcohol gave us confidence, connection, and celebration.
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But right now, this is changing rapidly.
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Gen Z, are drinking far less than their parents did.
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In the US, the share of 18 -year -olds who have ever tried alcohol has dropped by 25 % in the last decades.
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Binge drinking in adolescents has plummeted by 50%.
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And even in countries like Germany or France, where beer and wine have always been part of the cultural DNA, alcohol consumption is falling.
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And that's a victory: fewer accidents, fewer hospital beds filled, fewer lives quietly derailed. have been falling too.
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The share of young people who see their friends almost every day has plummeted by 50%.
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Attendance at parties has fallen by 30%.
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Dating and casual sex have fallen by a similar amount.
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All while loneliness and mental health issues have skyrocketed.
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There are many different reasons for this, from COVID to social media.
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But the shift in which drugs we consume is probably drinking,
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smoking weed tends to make many people less energetic and likely to do things, more socially awkward, and especially if you use a lot of it, more lonely.
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Alcohol has been a powerful and influential tool for sharing, celebrating and enjoying life with others for thousands of years.
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If the West is on the path to drinking less, we might also be on the path to something completely new,
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a future where we connect and rejoice without a poisonous chemical crutch, or at least without specific one.
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It's up to us to figure out what comes next.
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There are so many other ways to strengthen your confidence and make connections.
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By doing the things you're passionate about.
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By working towards the future.
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By investing time into your dreams.
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Like starting your own business.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu C1 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Alcohol is AMAZING” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: alcohol, drink, drinking. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 171 cümle ve 2148 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 13:56 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 154 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin yalnızca %81’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| consume fiil | /kənˈsum/ | kullanmak, harcamak |
| alcoholism isim | /ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/ | alkoliklik |
| neuron isim | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | nöron, sinir hücresi |
| molecule isim | /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ | molekül |
| millennium isim | /mɪˈlɛnɪəm/ | milenyum, binyıl |
| pact isim | /pækt/ | antlaşma, mukavele |
| dementia isim | /dɪˈmɛnʃə/ | demans |
| invisible sıfat | /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/ | görünmez |
| calorie isim | /ˈkæləɹi/ | kalori |
| binge isim | /bɪnd͡ʒ/ | alem, içki alemi |
| invade fiil | /ɪnˈveɪd/ | istila etmek |
| sabotage isim | /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/ | sabotaj, tahribat |
| paradox isim | /ˈpæ.ɹəˌdɒks/ | paradoks, çelişki |
| symptom isim | /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ | semptom, belgi |
| loneliness isim | /ˈloʊnlinəs/ | yalnızlık |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| figure out fiil | açığa çıkarmak |
| slow down fiil | yavaşlamak |
Tekrar etmeye değer cümleler
Videodan, günlük konuşmada yeniden kullanabileceğiniz kısa ve tam cümleler:
- It isn't only your body.
- As one of them, you'll show no antisocial behavior.
- Am I talking too much?
- Do they actually like me?
- What if I say something stupid?
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — önceden başlayıp hâlâ süren bir eylem | we've been giving · have been falling |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have been found · you've crossed · have fallen |
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | have been found · being massacred · are injured |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | people who died · people who see |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı you'll, you're, isn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 25 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “th” sesleri: lethal /ˈliː.θəl/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/, sabotage /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/, casually /ˈkæʒuəli/, relaxation /rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: alcoholism /ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/, invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/, cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdi.əʊˈvæskjʊlə(ɹ)/, energetic /ˌɛn.əɹˈdʒɛt.ɪk/, inflammation /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: overwhelm /ˌoʊ.vɚˈwɛlm/, wipe /waɪp/, quantity /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: neuron /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/, plummet /ˈplʌmət/, blackout /ˈblæk.aʊt/, crunch /kɹʌnt͡ʃ/, premature /ˌpɹi.məˈtʊɹ/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: alcoholism /ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/, pact /pækt/, blackout /ˈblæk.aʊt/, calorie /ˈkæləɹi/, sabotage /ˈsæb.əˌtɑʒ/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; consume, alcoholism, neuron gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.