跟讀練習: Alcohol is AMAZING - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Alcohol is the most harmful substance on Earth.

Every year, it kills more people than terrorism, wars, homicides and car accidents combined.

It injures tens of millions in accidents, violence and crime, while keeping hundreds of millions trapped in disease.

If it didn't exist already, inventing it today would be unthinkable.

And yet, more than 2 billion people drink.

Most of us can't imagine a barbecue without beer, a wedding without wine, or a fancy soiree without champagne.

We have a drink at the weekend, because it's the weekend, but also after work, where we're stressed and when we're relaxed.

and happy, at home and outside.

Alcohol is kind of a paradox.

Why do we cling so much to the thing that harms us the most?

You after one drink.

Alcohol is a biological weapon that yeast produces during fermentation to wipe out its competition.

In alcoholic drinks, it's mixed with water and flavored with everything from fruits to caramel.

With just one sip, they head to your liver,

your primary detox center, and to other organs like the brain.

But your liver can only process about one sip of beer every five minutes.

So unless you drink really slowly, it will become overwhelmed while an ever -growing swarm floods your brain.

Here's where the chaos begins.

The legion of intruders fills your brain and starts messing with neurotransmitters and receptors.

Their sabotage is so complex that scientists aren't fully sure yet about all their mechanisms.

numbs your neurons, making them slower, and disrupts their communication.

This has several effects.

It sedates you, melting away tension and stress.

It stuns your prefrontal cortex, your center for decision -making and self -control, making you more disinhibited and prone to say or do things that you normally wouldn't.

And it releases endorphins, feel -good molecules, deeply tied to human connection.

The chemicals that we produce when we laugh, sing or dance with others, and which help us turn the fleeting moments into shared memories.

So, after a drink or three, the world doesn't only feel lighter, it feels lighter with others.

The invisible walls of insecurity around us begin to soften and you find yourself becoming a little more "you".

Less afraid to talk, laugh, sing or share joys and sorrows.

Conversations flow easier, smiles last a little longer and strangers can become friends or lovers more easily.

So, for a

while, it feels like the way to be a little bit more of being human isn't yours to carry alone.

Alcohol sits at a sweet spot of gentle relaxation, mild courage and friendly companionship that makes it the perfect social lubricant.

One that comes with quite a few costs.

Your body on regular drinking.

For billions, these rounds become more frequent over time.

The occasional drink becomes a weekly habit, then a ritual every other day, catching up with friends or unwinding.

And there's always this buddy who drinks way more and has a perfectly normal life.

But as the rounds add up over years, the damage builds up.

The alcohol molecule can dissolve in water and fat, which allows it to invade almost every cell and tissue.

And when your body breaks it down, it transforms into acetaldehyde, a chemical that's even more toxic than alcohol itself and that wreaks havoc on your tissues,

cells and DNA.

In your brain, this shrinks your neurons and severs their connections, making it harder for different parts of the brain to communicate.

As your brain withers, your memories fade, and your brain will be able to communicate your thinking slows down and your risk of dementia increases.

When and how you drink matters.

The younger you are, the wider the damage and the more you drink in one go, the worse you'll make it.

The human brain isn't fully wired until your mid -twenties, so drinking before that age is like smashing wet cement before it's set.

In 20 year olds, blackout drinking episodes have been found to cause mental problems for up to a year, forgetting why you entered a room or having difficulty learning new things.

Smoking in late adolescence is also one of the highest risk factors for early onset dementia.

Then there's cancer.

Just as smoking hits your lungs, alcohol causes eight types of cancer, basically everywhere from mouth to bowel, plus breast cancer in women.

Here, risks start at an average consumption of less than one glass of wine per day.

Beyond that, risks increase.

deaths.

Another victim is your liver.

Alcohol disrupts fat metabolism, causing fat to build up in your liver cells.

But this often has no symptoms, so you may go on drinking as your liver slowly turns to fat, swells with inflammation, and starts to fail.

The final stage is cirrhosis.

Your liver is full of scars and barely functioning.

This might take over 10 years, but once it appears, it's largely irreversible.

Every year, 600 ,000 people die because they have a liver destroyed by alcohol.

Drinking also weakens your heart, raises blood pressure, and increases the risk of stroke and thrombosis,

leading to another 500 ,000 deaths from cardiovascular diseases every year.

In terms of looks, too, alcohol damages cells around your body, including your skin, which looks older sooner.

alcohol contain a lot of calories itself, it also makes many people very hungry.

Drinking is a huge source of weight gain and increases the risk of obesity, opening the door to a cascade of other health problems.

When scientists crunch these numbers, they see that health problems can start at about one beer a day,

and that the chances of premature death start rising significantly at around three beers a day for men

and less than two for women.

The average man drinks the equivalent of almost three beers a day.

The average woman almost one.

Similar figures apply to much of the world, especially the West.

There's no other drug we consume that gets so close to the edge of harm.

It isn't only your body.

Alcohol is unique for another reason: its unmatched ability to destroy others.

into a clumsy critter eager to take really stupid risks, on a balcony, at sea, or on the road.

Every year, alcohol -fuelled accidents kill 500 ,000 people, 300 ,000 of them in car accidents.

But more than half of the people who died in those crashes didn't drink, they just died because someone else did.

Alcohol is also one of the major causes of violence, from flights to the pub to domestic abuse, other brutal assaults and murder.

50 % of all violent crime and sexual assault is committed by drunk offenders.

Each year, alcohol -fueled crime kills about 100 ,000 people.

That's a city like Pisa being massacred every year by a drunk mob.

And then you have all the non -lethal victims.

In England alone, 500 ,000 adults are injured every year in accidents caused by drunk people.

Another 800 ,000 get hurt in violent attacks by drunk offenders.

Dozens of millions are physically harmed by someone else's drinking.

The most innocent bystanders are the 600 ,000 babies born every year with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder,

a devastating lifelong condition caused by drinking during pregnancy.

Alcohol is nothing short of a global catastrophe.

The final toll: the hijacking of 400 million lives.

When your drinking escalates to a point that it causes real harm to yourself or others, you've crossed the invisible line to alcoholism.

An estimated 400 million people, one in 14 adults, are in this territory.

The line is very fuzzy and varies from person to person, but if you consistently drink eight beers per week as a woman, 15 as a man, or five on the same day,

you've either crossed the line or are dangerously walking towards it.

Of those 400 million, more than half have fallen in the into an even deeper trap: dependence.

When alcohol has become something that you physically or psychologically need.

In Europe and the Americas, 1 in 20 adults are caught in this web.

The stereotype of alcoholism is one of extremes.

A homeless person clutching a bottle, or an always drunk father shouting at his kids.

100

But it can be far more silent.

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A US study found that up to 50 % of all alcoholics may fly under the radar.

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They come in two main groups: unproblematic young adults and middle -aged professionals with successful careers and families.

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As one of them, you'll show no antisocial behavior.

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You'll fulfill your obligations.

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You'll probably have no diagnosed health conditions.

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But on average, you'll be having four beers a day and will get drunk every week.

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And neither you nor your family may notice.

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after work or at a party.

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But it's exactly that that makes alcohol so dangerous.

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No other drug is so widely accepted, casually consumed and easily ignored.

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So, okay, how did we come to this?

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A pact with the devil.

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We made a pact with alcohol to help us solve one of the greatest challenges of being human.

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Human interaction is messy.

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We long for closeness, but we're also anxious, awkward and wary of each other.

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Am I talking too much?

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Do they actually like me?

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What if I say something stupid?

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There are many ways to navigate this.

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Alcohol is not the solution, but it is definitely one of them.

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It is a real and effortless solution to the problem of connecting with others.

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Even for millennia, modest quantities of alcohol help strangers bond.

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And individuals who drink moderately and socially tend to have more friends, closer friendships, and higher levels of trust in others.

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So if we want to step away from alcohol, we need to be honest about what we gain from it.

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For millennia, we've been giving it our health and years of our lives.

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And in return, alcohol gave us confidence, connection, and celebration.

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But right now, this is changing rapidly.

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Gen Z, are drinking far less than their parents did.

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In the US, the share of 18 -year -olds who have ever tried alcohol has dropped by 25 % in the last decades.

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Binge drinking in adolescents has plummeted by 50%.

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And even in countries like Germany or France, where beer and wine have always been part of the cultural DNA, alcohol consumption is falling.

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And that's a victory: fewer accidents, fewer hospital beds filled, fewer lives quietly derailed. have been falling too.

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The share of young people who see their friends almost every day has plummeted by 50%.

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Attendance at parties has fallen by 30%.

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Dating and casual sex have fallen by a similar amount.

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All while loneliness and mental health issues have skyrocketed.

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There are many different reasons for this, from COVID to social media.

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But the shift in which drugs we consume is probably drinking,

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smoking weed tends to make many people less energetic and likely to do things, more socially awkward, and especially if you use a lot of it, more lonely.

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Alcohol has been a powerful and influential tool for sharing, celebrating and enjoying life with others for thousands of years.

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If the West is on the path to drinking less, we might also be on the path to something completely new,

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a future where we connect and rejoice without a poisonous chemical crutch, or at least without specific one.

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It's up to us to figure out what comes next.

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There are so many other ways to strengthen your confidence and make connections.

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By doing the things you're passionate about.

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By working towards the future.

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By investing time into your dreams.

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Like starting your own business.

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背景與上下文

在這段影片中，演講者深入探討了酒精的雙重性，既是一個令人享受的社交工具，又是造成巨大傷害的有害物質。隨著社會對酒精消費的接受度不斷變化，演講者提出了人們在享用酒精時所承受的風險與誘惑。通過科學與心理的角度，演講者揭示了酒精如何影響我們的身體和心智，及其可能導致的長遠後果。

日常溝通的五個重要短語

為什麼我們會如此依賴酒精？ - 用於探討酒精的社交功能。
酒精對大腦的影響 - 說明酒精如何影響我們做決策和自控能力。
健康風險統計 - 提及酒精消費與健康問題之間的關聯。
酒精與暴力的關係 - 討論酒精如何導致暴力事件和事故。
年輕人與酒精消費的變化 - 反映當前社會對不同世代飲酒習慣的看法。

逐步跟讀指南

為了更好地理解和掌握這段影片的內容，可以採取以下的影子跟讀練習步驟，這不僅有助於提高你的口語能力，也可以讓你更深入地理解酒精帶來的影響。

選擇適合的段落：挑選影片中關於酒精影響的特定段落，確保內容與你的理解能力相符。
聽取原音：反覆聽取選定的段落，注意演講者的語速、語調及情感表達。
逐句模仿：逐句暫停影片，嘗試模仿演講者的發音及語調。這不僅能強化你的發音，還能幫助你熟悉日常用語。
記錄與回放：錄下你的聲音，與原音對比，找出差異並加以改進。
定期複習：定期複習之前的練習內容，並逐步提高難度，以增強你的聽說能力。

通過這樣的
英語影子跟讀練習，你將在緊扣的影片內容中，提升自己的語言能力，更好地理解酒精的影響同時學會如何在社交場合中表達自己的觀點。記得在看YouTube時運用這些技巧，享受學習的過程。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成進行時 have/has been + -ing — 以前開始、現在仍在繼續的動作	we've been giving · have been falling
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	have been found · you've crossed · have fallen
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	have been found · being massacred · are injured
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	people who died · people who see

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: Alcohol is AMAZING - 通過影片學習英語口語

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背景與上下文

日常溝通的五個重要短語

逐步跟讀指南

影片中的語法

什麼是跟讀法？