跟讀練習: Nuclear Energy Explained: How does it work? 1/3 - 通過影片學習英語口語
選擇練習模式
每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。
46 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
Have you ever been in an argument about nuclear power?
你有沒有過和別人就核能問題發生爭論的經歷？
2
We have, and we found it frustrating and confusing, so let’s try and get to grips with this topic.
3
It all started in the 1940s.
4
After the shock and horror of the war and the use of the atomic bomb, nuclear energy promised to be a peaceful spin-off of the new technology, helping the world get back on its feet.
5
Everyone’s imagination was running wild.
6
Would electricity become free?
7
Could nuclear power help settle the Antarctic?
8
Would there be nuclear-powered cars, planes, or houses?
9
It seemed that this was just a few years of hard work away.
10
One thing was certain: the future was atomic.
11
Just a few years later, there was a sort of atomic age hangover; as it turned out, nuclear power was very complicated and very expensive.
12
Turning physics into engineering was easy on paper, but hard in real life.
13
Also, private companies thought that nuclear power was much too risky as an investment; most of them would much rather stick with gas, coal, and oil.
14
But there were many people who didn’t just want to abandon the promise of the atomic age; an exciting new technology, the prospect of enormously cheap electricity, the prospect of being independent of oil and gas imports, and, in some cases, a secret desire to possess atomic weapons provided a strong motivation to keep going.
15
Nuclear power’s finest hour finally came in the early 1970s, when war in the Middle East caused oil prices to skyrocket worldwide.
16
Now, commercial interest and investment picked up at a dazzling pace.
如今，商業利益和投資正以驚人的速度回升。
17
More than half of all the nuclear reactors in the world were built between 1970 and 1985.
全球超過一半的核反應堆建於1970年至1985年間。
18
But which type of reactor to build, given how many different types there were to choose from?
但既然有這麼多不同型別的反應堆可供選擇，究竟該建造哪一種呢？
19
A surprising underdog candidate won the day: the light water reactor.
出人意料的黑馬候選方案最終勝出：輕水反應堆。
20
It wasn’t very innovative, and it wasn’t too popular with scientists, but it had some decisive advantages: it was there, it worked, and it wasn’t terribly expensive.
它算不上非常創新，也不太受科學家的歡迎，但它有一些決定性的優勢：它現成可用、執行穩定，而且價格也不算太高。
21
So, what does a light water reactor do?
那麼，輕水反應堆是做什麼的？
22
Well, the basic principle is shockingly simple: it heats up water using an artificial chain reaction.
嗯，其基本原理簡單得驚人：它通過人工鏈式反應來加熱水。
23
Nuclear fission releases several million times more energy than any chemical reaction could.
核裂變釋放的能量比任何化學反應所能釋放的能量都高出數百萬倍。
24
Really heavy elements on the brink of stability, like uranium-235, get bombarded with neutrons.
鈾-235這類處於穩定邊緣的極重元素會受到中子轟擊。
25
The neutron is absorbed, but the result is unstable.
中子被吸收後，產生的產物是不穩定的。
26
Most of the time, it immediately splits into fast-moving lighter elements, some additional free neutrons, and energy in the form of radiation.
在大多數情況下，它會立即分裂成運動速度快的較輕元素、一些額外的自由中子，以及以輻射形式釋放的能量。
27
The radiation heats the surrounding water, while the neutrons repeat the process with other atoms, releasing more neutrons and radiation in a closely controlled chain reaction.
28
Very different from the fast, destructive runaway reaction in an atomic bomb.
29
In our light water reactor, a moderator is needed to control the neutrons’ energy.
30
Simple, ordinary water does the job, which is very practical, since water’s used to drive the turbines anyway.
31
The light water reactor became prevalent because it’s simple and cheap.
32
However, it’s neither the safest, most efficient, nor technically elegant nuclear reactor.
33
The renewed nuclear hype lasted barely a decade, though; in 1979, the Three Mile Island nuclear plant in Pennsylvania barely escaped a catastrophe when its core melted.
34
In 1986, the Chernobyl catastrophe directly threatened Central Europe with a radioactive cloud, and in 2011 the drawn-out Fukushima disaster sparked new discussions and concerns.
35
While in the 1980s 218 new nuclear power reactors went live, their number and nuclear’s global share of electricity production has stagnated since the end of the ’80s.
36
So what’s the situation today?
37
Today, nuclear energy meets around 10% of the world’s energy demand.
38
There are about 439 nuclear reactors in 31 countries.
39
About 70 new reactors are under construction in 2015, most of them in countries which are growing quickly.
40
All in all, 116 new reactors are planned worldwide.
41
Most nuclear reactors were built more than 25 years ago with pretty old technology.
42
More than 80% are various types of light water reactor.
43
Today, many countries are faced with a choice: the expensive replacement of the aging reactors, possibly with more efficient, but less tested models, or a move away from nuclear power towards newer or older technology with different cost and environmental impacts.
44
So, should we use nuclear energy?
45
The pro and contra arguments will be presented here next week.
46
Subscribe, and then you won’t miss it!
同頻道
C110
Queen Ant Clones Another Species
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
How Caffeine Works
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B232
Your Skeleton Is Electric
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B237
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C1118
Could Humans Evolve Flight?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
4
You Will Only Like Half of This Video
C112
Would You Upload Your Mind?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Your Brain on Magic Mushrooms
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C136
Why Ebola Keeps Coming Back
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2560
What If You Never Slept?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Let’s Steal a New Moon
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What Happens AFTER Nuclear War?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B26
YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
What Is Life? Is Death Real?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1149
How Antidepressants Work
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C173
We Won’t Explore the Galaxy...
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B26
Dozens of Nukes Are Missing. Why? HOW?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B265
What the Flu Does to Your Body
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
推薦影片
C24
98 句
The Magic of Thorium Nuclear Reactors
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C19
92 句
What Do Alien Civilizations Look Like? The Kardashev Scale
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
55 句
How Pumped Storage Power Plants Work (Hydropower)
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C16
168 句
The Most Insane Weapon You Never Heard About
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
28 句
What is Nuclear Medicine | Dr. Paulien Moyaert
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C16
92 句
Unit 16 | The energy crisis | Vocabulary for IELTS | All English 4U
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
249 句
The Speed of Light Isn't a Limit. It's a Converter
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1186 句
The Comprehensive Guide to Nuclear: What You Need to Know
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
76 句
The Nucleus: Crash Course Chemistry #1
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C212
105 句
2 The Principle of the Electron Microscope
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C16
32 句
Anti-matter & nuclear weapons: Why technology is always a double-edge sword | Don Lincoln
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C168
44 句
Why is it Hot Underground?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
關於本課程
本課程旨在幫助學習者通過分析和練習核能的相關內容，提升自己的英語口語能力。影片講解了核能的歷史、基本原理以及目前的應用情況，讓學習者不僅能提高語言技巧，同時也能拓寬對核能技術的理解。在練習過程中，學習者將涉及到科學技術相關的術語和句型，這將提升他們在專業領域的交流能力。
關鍵詞彙和短語
- 核能 (nuclear energy)
- 核反應堆 (nuclear reactor)
- 鏈式反應 (chain reaction)
- 放射性 (radiation)
- 中子 (neutron)
- 鈾-235 (uranium-235)
- 光水反應堆 (light water reactor)
- 能源需求 (energy demand)
練習技巧
在觀看關於核能的影片時，學習者可以運用shadowspeak的技巧進行口語練習。建議學習者模仿影片中的語速和語調，以提高自己的自然發音。影片的語速適中，適合進行英語口語練習。在第一遍觀看後，嘗試關閉聲音，自己進行復述，增強對內容的掌握和記憶，這個過程被稱為shadow speech。通過不斷的跟讀和自我糾正，學習者可以逐步提升語言流利度。在此過程中，務必注意科學術語的準確發音，這對將來的專業交流至關重要。最後，鼓勵使用看YouTube學英語的方法，反覆觀看並練習，強化對核能這一主題的理解和表達。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | were built · is absorbed · is needed |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | people who didn · job, which is · countries which are |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | Have you ever been · has stagnated |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。