Prática de Shadowing: Alcohol is AMAZING - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Alcohol is the most harmful substance on Earth.
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Every year, it kills more people than terrorism, wars, homicides and car accidents combined.
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It injures tens of millions in accidents, violence and crime, while keeping hundreds of millions trapped in disease.
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If it didn't exist already, inventing it today would be unthinkable.
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And yet, more than 2 billion people drink.
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Most of us can't imagine a barbecue without beer, a wedding without wine, or a fancy soiree without champagne.
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We have a drink at the weekend, because it's the weekend, but also after work, where we're stressed and when we're relaxed.
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and happy, at home and outside.
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Alcohol is kind of a paradox.
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Why do we cling so much to the thing that harms us the most?
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You after one drink.
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Alcohol is a biological weapon that yeast produces during fermentation to wipe out its competition.
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In alcoholic drinks, it's mixed with water and flavored with everything from fruits to caramel.
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With just one sip, they head to your liver,
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your primary detox center, and to other organs like the brain.
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But your liver can only process about one sip of beer every five minutes.
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So unless you drink really slowly, it will become overwhelmed while an ever -growing swarm floods your brain.
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Here's where the chaos begins.
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The legion of intruders fills your brain and starts messing with neurotransmitters and receptors.
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Their sabotage is so complex that scientists aren't fully sure yet about all their mechanisms.
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numbs your neurons, making them slower, and disrupts their communication.
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This has several effects.
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It sedates you, melting away tension and stress.
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It stuns your prefrontal cortex, your center for decision -making and self -control, making you more disinhibited and prone to say or do things that you normally wouldn't.
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And it releases endorphins, feel -good molecules, deeply tied to human connection.
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The chemicals that we produce when we laugh, sing or dance with others, and which help us turn the fleeting moments into shared memories.
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So, after a drink or three, the world doesn't only feel lighter, it feels lighter with others.
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The invisible walls of insecurity around us begin to soften and you find yourself becoming a little more "you".
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Less afraid to talk, laugh, sing or share joys and sorrows.
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Conversations flow easier, smiles last a little longer and strangers can become friends or lovers more easily.
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So, for a
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while, it feels like the way to be a little bit more of being human isn't yours to carry alone.
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Alcohol sits at a sweet spot of gentle relaxation, mild courage and friendly companionship that makes it the perfect social lubricant.
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One that comes with quite a few costs.
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Your body on regular drinking.
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For billions, these rounds become more frequent over time.
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The occasional drink becomes a weekly habit, then a ritual every other day, catching up with friends or unwinding.
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And there's always this buddy who drinks way more and has a perfectly normal life.
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But as the rounds add up over years, the damage builds up.
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The alcohol molecule can dissolve in water and fat, which allows it to invade almost every cell and tissue.
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And when your body breaks it down, it transforms into acetaldehyde, a chemical that's even more toxic than alcohol itself and that wreaks havoc on your tissues,
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cells and DNA.
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In your brain, this shrinks your neurons and severs their connections, making it harder for different parts of the brain to communicate.
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As your brain withers, your memories fade, and your brain will be able to communicate your thinking slows down and your risk of dementia increases.
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When and how you drink matters.
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The younger you are, the wider the damage and the more you drink in one go, the worse you'll make it.
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The human brain isn't fully wired until your mid -twenties, so drinking before that age is like smashing wet cement before it's set.
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In 20 year olds, blackout drinking episodes have been found to cause mental problems for up to a year, forgetting why you entered a room or having difficulty learning new things.
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Smoking in late adolescence is also one of the highest risk factors for early onset dementia.
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Then there's cancer.
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Just as smoking hits your lungs, alcohol causes eight types of cancer, basically everywhere from mouth to bowel, plus breast cancer in women.
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Here, risks start at an average consumption of less than one glass of wine per day.
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Beyond that, risks increase.
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deaths.
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Another victim is your liver.
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Alcohol disrupts fat metabolism, causing fat to build up in your liver cells.
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But this often has no symptoms, so you may go on drinking as your liver slowly turns to fat, swells with inflammation, and starts to fail.
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The final stage is cirrhosis.
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Your liver is full of scars and barely functioning.
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This might take over 10 years, but once it appears, it's largely irreversible.
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Every year, 600 ,000 people die because they have a liver destroyed by alcohol.
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Drinking also weakens your heart, raises blood pressure, and increases the risk of stroke and thrombosis,
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leading to another 500 ,000 deaths from cardiovascular diseases every year.
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In terms of looks, too, alcohol damages cells around your body, including your skin, which looks older sooner.
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alcohol contain a lot of calories itself, it also makes many people very hungry.
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Drinking is a huge source of weight gain and increases the risk of obesity, opening the door to a cascade of other health problems.
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When scientists crunch these numbers, they see that health problems can start at about one beer a day,
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and that the chances of premature death start rising significantly at around three beers a day for men
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and less than two for women.
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The average man drinks the equivalent of almost three beers a day.
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The average woman almost one.
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Similar figures apply to much of the world, especially the West.
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There's no other drug we consume that gets so close to the edge of harm.
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It isn't only your body.
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Alcohol is unique for another reason: its unmatched ability to destroy others.
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into a clumsy critter eager to take really stupid risks, on a balcony, at sea, or on the road.
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Every year, alcohol -fuelled accidents kill 500 ,000 people, 300 ,000 of them in car accidents.
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But more than half of the people who died in those crashes didn't drink, they just died because someone else did.
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Alcohol is also one of the major causes of violence, from flights to the pub to domestic abuse, other brutal assaults and murder.
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50 % of all violent crime and sexual assault is committed by drunk offenders.
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Each year, alcohol -fueled crime kills about 100 ,000 people.
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That's a city like Pisa being massacred every year by a drunk mob.
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And then you have all the non -lethal victims.
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In England alone, 500 ,000 adults are injured every year in accidents caused by drunk people.
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Another 800 ,000 get hurt in violent attacks by drunk offenders.
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Dozens of millions are physically harmed by someone else's drinking.
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The most innocent bystanders are the 600 ,000 babies born every year with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder,
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a devastating lifelong condition caused by drinking during pregnancy.
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Alcohol is nothing short of a global catastrophe.
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The final toll: the hijacking of 400 million lives.
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When your drinking escalates to a point that it causes real harm to yourself or others, you've crossed the invisible line to alcoholism.
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An estimated 400 million people, one in 14 adults, are in this territory.
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The line is very fuzzy and varies from person to person, but if you consistently drink eight beers per week as a woman, 15 as a man, or five on the same day,
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you've either crossed the line or are dangerously walking towards it.
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Of those 400 million, more than half have fallen in the into an even deeper trap: dependence.
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When alcohol has become something that you physically or psychologically need.
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In Europe and the Americas, 1 in 20 adults are caught in this web.
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The stereotype of alcoholism is one of extremes.
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A homeless person clutching a bottle, or an always drunk father shouting at his kids.
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But it can be far more silent.
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A US study found that up to 50 % of all alcoholics may fly under the radar.
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They come in two main groups: unproblematic young adults and middle -aged professionals with successful careers and families.
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As one of them, you'll show no antisocial behavior.
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You'll fulfill your obligations.
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You'll probably have no diagnosed health conditions.
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But on average, you'll be having four beers a day and will get drunk every week.
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And neither you nor your family may notice.
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after work or at a party.
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But it's exactly that that makes alcohol so dangerous.
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No other drug is so widely accepted, casually consumed and easily ignored.
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So, okay, how did we come to this?
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A pact with the devil.
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We made a pact with alcohol to help us solve one of the greatest challenges of being human.
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Human interaction is messy.
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We long for closeness, but we're also anxious, awkward and wary of each other.
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Am I talking too much?
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Do they actually like me?
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What if I say something stupid?
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There are many ways to navigate this.
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Alcohol is not the solution, but it is definitely one of them.
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It is a real and effortless solution to the problem of connecting with others.
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Even for millennia, modest quantities of alcohol help strangers bond.
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And individuals who drink moderately and socially tend to have more friends, closer friendships, and higher levels of trust in others.
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So if we want to step away from alcohol, we need to be honest about what we gain from it.
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For millennia, we've been giving it our health and years of our lives.
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And in return, alcohol gave us confidence, connection, and celebration.
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But right now, this is changing rapidly.
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Gen Z, are drinking far less than their parents did.
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In the US, the share of 18 -year -olds who have ever tried alcohol has dropped by 25 % in the last decades.
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Binge drinking in adolescents has plummeted by 50%.
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And even in countries like Germany or France, where beer and wine have always been part of the cultural DNA, alcohol consumption is falling.
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And that's a victory: fewer accidents, fewer hospital beds filled, fewer lives quietly derailed. have been falling too.
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The share of young people who see their friends almost every day has plummeted by 50%.
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Attendance at parties has fallen by 30%.
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Dating and casual sex have fallen by a similar amount.
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All while loneliness and mental health issues have skyrocketed.
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There are many different reasons for this, from COVID to social media.
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But the shift in which drugs we consume is probably drinking,
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smoking weed tends to make many people less energetic and likely to do things, more socially awkward, and especially if you use a lot of it, more lonely.
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Alcohol has been a powerful and influential tool for sharing, celebrating and enjoying life with others for thousands of years.
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If the West is on the path to drinking less, we might also be on the path to something completely new,
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a future where we connect and rejoice without a poisonous chemical crutch, or at least without specific one.
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It's up to us to figure out what comes next.
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There are so many other ways to strengthen your confidence and make connections.
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By doing the things you're passionate about.
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By working towards the future.
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By investing time into your dreams.
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Like starting your own business.
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Sobre Esta Lição
Nesta lição, você irá praticar a compreensão auditiva e a fala em inglês por meio de um tema polêmico: o álcool. Você ouvirá como a bebida é percebida na sociedade, quais são seus efeitos no corpo humano e as consequências do consumo excessivo. Ao se envolver com este conteúdo, você poderá expandir seu vocabulário e entender melhor os aspectos sociais e biológicos do álcool, além de melhorar suas habilidades de conversação e pronúncia através da técnica de shadowing em inglês.
Vocabulário e Frases Chave
- Alcohol - Álcool
- Cancer - Câncer
- Dependence - Dependência
- Detox - Desintoxicação
- Neurons - Neurônios
- Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder - Transtorno do Espectro Alcoólico Fetal
- Binge drinking - Consumo excessivo de álcool
- Social lubricant - Lubrificante social
Dicas de Prática
Para aprimorar seu inglês com o shadowspeak nesta lição, siga estas dicas:
- Escute atentamente o vídeo pausando em momentos-chave para repetir frases e expressões. Isso ajudará a melhorar sua pronúncia.
- Concentre-se na entonação e na velocidade do falante. O vídeo tem um ritmo envolvente, então tente acompanhar o tom emocional para praticar a fala natural.
- Use a técnica de shadowing site, repetindo em voz alta imediatamente após ouvir cada frase. Isso ajudará a fixar estruturas gramaticais e vocabulário novo.
- Após praticar as frases-chave, tente criar suas próprias sentenças usando o vocabulário aprendido para facilitar a prática de conversação em inglês.
- Se possível, encontre um parceiro de conversa para discutir o tema abordado no vídeo, aplicando o que aprendeu e praticando juntos.
Com dedicação, você verá um progresso significativo nas suas habilidades de comunicação em inglês!
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — uma ação que começou antes e continua | we've been giving · have been falling |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have been found · you've crossed · have fallen |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | have been found · being massacred · are injured |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | people who died · people who see |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.