Prática de Shadowing: 3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3 - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Three reasons why we should continue using nuclear energy.
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1. Nuclear energy saves lives.
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In 2013, a study conducted by NASA found that nuclear energy has prevented around 1 .8 million deaths.
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Even if you include the death tolls from Chernobyl and Fukushima, nuclear energy ranks last in death per energy unit produced.
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While nuclear waste is really toxic, it's usually stored somewhere while the toxic by -products of fossil fuels are pumped into the air we breathe every day.
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So, just by reducing the amount of fossil fuels burned, countless cases of cancer or lung disease and accidents in coal mines have been avoided.
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If we can choose between lots of dangerous stuff being put into a deep hole
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and lots and lots and lots of dangerous stuff being pumped into the atmosphere, the former seems more logical.
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Nuclear energy feels way more dangerous, though.
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Single catastrophic events burn into our memory, while coal and oil kill silently.
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It's like the death rate of flying versus driving.
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Even in the best -case scenario, it would take at least 40 years to switch to 100 % renewable energy.
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So, for as long as we continue using fossil fuels, nuclear energy will save way more lives than it destroys.
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2. Nuclear energy reduces CO2 emissions
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Nuclear energy is arguably way less harmful to the environment in terms of climate change than fossil fuels, our main source of energy.
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Since 1976, about 64 gigatons of greenhouse gas emissions have not been pumped out thanks to nuclear energy.
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And by the mid -21st century, that could amount to an additional 80 to 240 gigatons.
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Humanity's energy consumption is rising steadily.
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According to US government projections, China alone will add the equivalent of a new 600 megawatt coal plant every 10 days for the next 10 years.
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China already burns 4 billion tons of coal each year.
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Coal is cheap, relatively abundant, and easy to get to, so it's not likely that humanity will stop using it soon.
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Nuclear energy might be the only way of dampening the effects of climate change and preventing a catastrophic man -made global warming.
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Compared to the other things we do, nuclear energy is relatively clean.
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So, even if it is a good idea to quit nuclear energy long -term, it might be a good solution for the next hundred years or so, compared to the alternatives.
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3. New technologies Maybe technology will solve the problem of nuclear waste and dangerous power plants.
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The nuclear reactors we've used so far are mostly outdated technology, because nuclear innovation stopped in the 1970s.
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There are models like the thorium reactor that could solve the problem altogether.
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Thorium is abundant, really hard to turn into nuclear weapons
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and up to two orders of magnitude less wasteful than current nuclear reactors.
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The waste material might also be only dangerous for a few hundred years, in contrast to a couple of thousand years.
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One ton of thorium is estimated to provide the same amount of energy as 200 tons of uranium
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or 3 .5 million tons of coal.
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So while we cannot know for sure if alternative nuclear technology will keep its promises,
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shouldn't we at least do more research before we forgo an opportunity to solve lots of humanity's current problems?
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It might not be an easy challenge, but that hasn't stopped us before.
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So, should we use nuclear energy?
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There are risks involved in any great human endeavor, and we have to make an informed decision rather than rely on gut feeling.
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If you want to hear the other side of the argument or a short introduction to nuclear energy, click here.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 38 frases e 591 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:46. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 157 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 83% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| fossil substantivo | /ˈfɑsl̩/ | fóssil |
| solve verbo | /sɒlv/ | resolver, solucionar |
| ton substantivo | /tʌn/ | tonelada |
| pump substantivo | /pʌmp/ | bomba |
| reactor substantivo | /ɹiˈæktɚ/ | reator |
| compare verbo | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | comparar |
| toxic adjetivo | /ˈtɒk.sɪk/ | tóxico |
| abundant adjetivo | /əˈbʌn.dənt/ | abundante |
| emission substantivo | /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/ | emissão |
| catastrophic adjetivo | /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/ | catastrófico |
| atmosphere substantivo | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | atmosfera |
| contrast substantivo | /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/ | contraste |
| rank substantivo | /ˈɹæŋk/ | fileira, coluna |
| consumption substantivo | /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/ | consumo |
| humanity substantivo | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | humanidade |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | are pumped · have been avoided · being put |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has prevented · have been avoided · have not been pumped |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 3 contrações e formas reduzidas, como hasn't, shouldn't, we've. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: breathe /bɹiːð/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, thorium /ˈθɔːɹiəm/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, consumption /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, uranium /ˌjuː.ˈɹeɪ.ni.əm/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como fossil, solve, ton.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.