Prática de Shadowing: Why Do India And China Have So Many People? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo

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Hi, this is Kate from MinuteEarth.
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India and China together are home to over 2 .7 billion people.
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That's as many humans as in the next 20 most populous countries combined, or in the whole other 170 countries in the world.
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Over the last 300 years, India and China each added more than a billion people to their populations — way more than any other country.
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But they have actually been growing at about the same rate as the rest of the world world.
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They have a lot more people today
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because they had a lot more people a few hundred years ago
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when the world began its period of modern and rapid population growth.
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It's like comparing a big bank account and a small one.
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If they both grow at about the same rate over many years, the big one gains a lot more money simply because it started with more.
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So the billion dollar or billion person question is why did India
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and China have so many people when they started their rapid growth?
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We can't know for sure, since so many variables factor into long -term population dynamics.
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But the two most plausible explanations are food and area.
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Having lots of fertile land and good access to fresh water makes it possible to grow lots of food, which in turn makes it possible to nourish a lot of people.
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Even today, the 10 most populated countries in the world all have a relatively large amount of farmland.
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And Asia, and in particular South and East Asia, has tons of farmland, lots of river valleys, and the ability to grow food year -round.
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Plus, domestication of plants and animals essentially started in Asia, giving populations an early leg or wing up.
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As such, Asia's been the most densely populated region of the world for a really long time.
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Area matters too.
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Countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh may be filled with farms and densely populated, But because they're smaller in area than India and China,
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they simply cannot contain as many people.
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Of course, a few other things happened in India and China in the last few thousand years.
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Some of them helped the populations grow, and some of them shrank the populations.
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But through it all, the large and fertile lands of India and China were able to sustain lots of people, such that when the era of modern population growth came around,
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they had a head start.
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Or, rather, a hundred million head start.
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This video was sponsored by the University of Minnesota, where students, faculty, and staff across all fields of study are working to solve the grand challenges facing society.
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The Minnesota Population Center is helping demographic researchers explore past and current trends in world population.
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The Global Landscapes Initiative is working to figure out how to keep feeding the world's growing population without harming the planet.
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And the IPAMS Terra Project integrates global population data with data
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on the environment to better understand how humans transform ecosystems and how ecosystems transform humans.
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Thanks, University of Minnesota.

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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição

Este vídeo tem 33 frases e 505 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 2:53. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 175 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 87% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é fácil de acompanhar.

Vocabulário principal deste vídeo

15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:

PalavraPronúnciaSignificado
rapid adjetivo/ˈɹæp.ɪd/rápido
transform verbo/tɹænsˈfɔɹm/transformar
ecosystem substantivo/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ecossistema
fertile adjetivo/ˈfɝːtəl/fértil
harm substantivo/hɑːm/dano, mal
compare verbo/kəmˈpɛɚ/comparar
explanation substantivo/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/explicação, explanação
essentially advérbio/ɪˈsɛnʃəli/em essência, essencialmente
solve verbo/sɒlv/resolver, solucionar
faculty substantivo/ˈfæk.əl.ti/corpo docente
explore verbo/ɪkˈsploɹ/explorar
ton substantivo/tʌn/tonelada
combine verbo/kəmˈbaɪn/combinar
variable adjetivo[ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩]variável
dynamics substantivo/dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/dinâmica

Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir

PalavraPronúnciaSignificado
come around verbo/kʌ.məˈɹaʊnd/mudar de ideia
figure out verbodescobrir, deduzir

Pronúncia para ficar de olho

  • Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, nourish /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/
  • Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/

Como praticar com este vídeo

  1. Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
  2. Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
  3. Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como rapid, transform, ecosystem.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

Técnica de shadowing: leia o guia completo passo a passo →