Pratique du Shadowing: Why Do India And China Have So Many People? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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33 phrases
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Hi, this is Kate from MinuteEarth.
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India and China together are home to over 2 .7 billion people.
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That's as many humans as in the next 20 most populous countries combined, or in the whole other 170 countries in the world.
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Over the last 300 years, India and China each added more than a billion people to their populations — way more than any other country.
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But they have actually been growing at about the same rate as the rest of the world world.
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They have a lot more people today
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because they had a lot more people a few hundred years ago
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when the world began its period of modern and rapid population growth.
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It's like comparing a big bank account and a small one.
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If they both grow at about the same rate over many years, the big one gains a lot more money simply because it started with more.
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So the billion dollar or billion person question is why did India
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and China have so many people when they started their rapid growth?
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We can't know for sure, since so many variables factor into long -term population dynamics.
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But the two most plausible explanations are food and area.
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Having lots of fertile land and good access to fresh water makes it possible to grow lots of food, which in turn makes it possible to nourish a lot of people.
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Even today, the 10 most populated countries in the world all have a relatively large amount of farmland.
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And Asia, and in particular South and East Asia, has tons of farmland, lots of river valleys, and the ability to grow food year -round.
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Plus, domestication of plants and animals essentially started in Asia, giving populations an early leg or wing up.
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As such, Asia's been the most densely populated region of the world for a really long time.
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Area matters too.
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Countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh may be filled with farms and densely populated, But because they're smaller in area than India and China,
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they simply cannot contain as many people.
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Of course, a few other things happened in India and China in the last few thousand years.
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Some of them helped the populations grow, and some of them shrank the populations.
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But through it all, the large and fertile lands of India and China were able to sustain lots of people, such that when the era of modern population growth came around,
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they had a head start.
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Or, rather, a hundred million head start.
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This video was sponsored by the University of Minnesota, where students, faculty, and staff across all fields of study are working to solve the grand challenges facing society.
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The Minnesota Population Center is helping demographic researchers explore past and current trends in world population.
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The Global Landscapes Initiative is working to figure out how to keep feeding the world's growing population without harming the planet.
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And the IPAMS Terra Project integrates global population data with data
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on the environment to better understand how humans transform ecosystems and how ecosystems transform humans.
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Thanks, University of Minnesota.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette vidéo contient 33 phrases et 505 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:53. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 175 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 87 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc facile à suivre.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
rapid adjectif/ˈɹæp.ɪd/rapide
transform verbe/tɹænsˈfɔɹm/transformer
ecosystem nom/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/écosystème
fertile adjectif/ˈfɝːtəl/fertile
harm nom/hɑːm/mal, tort
compare verbe/kəmˈpɛɚ/comparer
explanation nom/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/explication
essentially adverbe/ɪˈsɛnʃəli/essentiellement, en essence
solve verbe/sɒlv/résoudre, régler
faculty nom/ˈfæk.əl.ti/faculté, composante
explore verbe/ɪkˈsploɹ/explorer
ton nom/tʌn/tonne
combine verbe/kəmˈbaɪn/combiner
variable adjectif[ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩]variable
dynamics nom/dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/dynamique

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
figure out verbecerner

Prononciation à surveiller

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, nourish /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, demographic /ˌdɛm.əˈɡɹæf.ɪk/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme rapid, transform, ecosystem.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →