Shadowing Practice: The Uncomfortable Truth About Ozempic (Updated Version) - Learn English Speaking with Video
Bir pratik modu seçin
Her mod tam ekran bir pratik odası açar.
277 cümleler
Cümleler çok kısa veya çok uzun ise, ayarlamak için Düzenle'ye tıklayın.
1
In the last few years,
2
a Zempic or Manjaro managed to make millions of people lose massive amounts of weight,
3
with seemingly only mild side effects.
4
More than 1 in 8 US adults have tried the drugs,
5
and for the first time in history,
6
the country's obesity rate actually fell.
7
At the end of 2025,
8
the WHO added GLP-1 drugs to its Essential Medicines list for diabetics,
9
and released guidelines on how to use it for obesity.
10
For the first time ever,
11
we have a medication that reliably,
12
quickly and seemingly safely can make people lose weight.
13
Sometimes massive amounts of weight.
14
But as with most things related to nutrition,
15
health and weight loss, these medications are controversial.
16
There are many aspects to GLP-1s,
17
but we'll focus on one today,
18
the potential medical revolution these drugs could mean for obesity,
19
one of the most deadly chronic diseases of our time
20
that over 1 billion people suffer from and that remains largely unsolved and underfunded.
21
It turns out GLP-1 drugs are the first effective medical treatment for obesity in medical history.
22
The Obesity Trap In 2025,
23
more than a half of Europeans were either overweight or obese,
24
plus one in three children.
25
And in many countries like the US,
26
Mexico, Chile or Saudi Arabia,
27
the numbers are even worse.
28
Today, this kills almost 4 million people each year,
29
and if trends continue, by 2050,
30
one in three adults on Earth will be obese and half of humanity will be overweight.
31
When hearing the word obese,
32
most people think of the extreme ends of the spectrum,
33
but this is not correct.
34
It's not very helpful that the definition of obese is a bit vague because bodies are pretty different.
35
So, it can be a BMI of over 30,
36
your waist to hip ratio,
37
or a body fat percentage of over 25% for men and over 32% for women.
38
In the end, obese is a medical term that doesn't judge how you look,
39
but if you have an unhealthy amount of body fat.
40
How did we get here?
41
For most of our history, food was scarce.
42
So when our ancestors found a calorie bomb,
43
binging on it was the best of ideas.
44
The more sugar, fat and salt, the better.
45
Our brains are wired to love these foods.
46
They bring pleasure, enjoyment and mental release.
47
This helped us survive in a world where food was the most important thing to worry about each day.
48
And then the world changed overnight and suddenly our modern food environment hijacked our biology.
49
Food is a product now and has become cheap,
50
calorie dense and hyper palatable,
51
which means it's been engineered with addictive levels of sugar,
52
fat and salt, making our reward centers go ballistic with joy.
53
About half of the products in a US grocery store are ultra-process,
54
and many are labeled in ways that are deeply misleading,
55
like the serving sizes on packs of chips.
56
Marketing strategies like value pricing and constant food ads stimulate us to eat more.
57
So most people overeat regularly, sometimes without even noticing.
58
And this is very subtle.
59
Most people don't get overweight because they massively lack self-control,
60
they just eat a little bit too much over a long period of time time.
61
Just a small excess like the equivalent of half a Snickers
62
over your maintenance calories per day compounds to almost 5 kilograms or 10 pounds of fat after a year.
63
This is how most people get obese slowly, bit by bit.
64
Since being overweight is also shamed on top of being unhealthy,
65
we try to fix our overeating behavior with all sorts of, well, behavioral methods.
66
The world is filled with diets and healthy habits campaigns,
67
but if we look at the results,
68
just telling people to eat healthier foods and to move more does very little in the real world.
69
Most people gain back most weight they lose during a diet within a year or two and often gain more afterwards,
70
often through little fault of their own because once you do lose weight,
71
your body is also working against you by trying to bring you back to the fat baseline it was used to.
72
Really, the only reliable way to do it is a lifestyle change,
73
not a break from calorie dense food,
74
but a lifestyle where you eat it only occasionally or not at all.
75
Which is not just very hard,
76
but also feels like saying no to some of the best things in life.
77
Finally, there's simply hunger, a really strong and hard-to-ignore signal from your body.
78
How hungry you are is genetic,
79
so just through bad luck,
80
you may experience a lot of food noise and think about eating a lot.
81
To make things worse in many people who get overweight or obese,
82
their hunger signal becomes dysregulated.
83
Not necessarily permanently, but even after losing weight,
84
it can take a long time before your hunger adjusts downwards again.
85
And this is exactly where GLP-1 drugs interact with our biology.
86
Before we get there, let's fix something easier first.
87
How we engage with the news every day.
88
Our partner Ground News is a website and app built to help you think critically about the information you consume,
89
a mission we fully support.
90
They curate news articles from across the globe,
91
adding context on political bias,
92
reliability, ownership, and summaries that highlight what each side is leaving out.
93
You can even compare headlines to see how bias shapes the narrative.
94
The same weight loss drug story might be framed as a miracle by some outlets,
95
while others warn about harmful trends.
96
Ground News also reveals blind spots,
97
stories that only one side is covering,
98
showing you what your usual news feed is hiding.
99
As information bubbles are becoming the norm,
100
thinking critically about the news is no longer optional,
101
and Ground News makes it easier to do just that.
102
If you'd like to give them a try,
103
go to ground.news.nutshell or scan the QR code on the screen.
104
Using this link gives you 40% off an unlimited access subscription and directly supports our channel.
105
And now, back to losing weight.
106
hunger is hormones.
107
Many eating behaviors, eat now or later,
108
chocolate or vegetables, are actually governed by an orchestra of hormones that are not within your control.
109
You're not hungry in the evening because you decide to be or because this is when your body needs energy,
110
but because your body releases certain hormones.
111
And it turns out your fat is one of the major regulators of this orchestra.
112
If you're overweight or obese,
113
the excess This fat is throwing your hormonal orchestra out of tune.
114
This may make you more hungry or push you to overeat more,
115
creating insulin resistance that causes type 2 diabetes and so on.
116
We made a video if you want details.
117
But there's one specific hormone that plays its tune quietly in the background,
118
even in obese people.
119
The glucagon-like peptide 1 or GLP-1.
120
It's one of the hormones your body releases after a meal.
121
It tells your pancreas to release more insulin to keep blood sugar in check,
122
and slows down your digestion to keep food in your stomach.
123
And in your brain, it increases your feeling of fullness and being satisfied, curbing your appetite.
124
These effects are usually modest.
125
Once in your bloodstream, GLP-1 disappears in barely two minutes,
126
its song quickly fading away.
127
So, one day, scientists had an idea.
128
What if we made artificial copies of GLP-1 that play the same song but louder and much longer?
129
A GLP-1 signal that stays in your body would boost insulin and silence appetite.
130
The first artificial GLP-1 was approved in 2005 for diabetes and in 2014 for obesity,
131
but the revolution came with semaglutide and terzapatite, Ozempic and Majora.
132
highly powerful GLP-1 agonists that play their songs in your bloodstream for up to a week.
133
They send out a loud and steady signal that dials down your appetite 24-7.
134
You still enjoy food, but you feel full and satisfied much sooner,
135
making it easy to not overeat.
136
And since the song never really switches off,
137
you feel less hungry throughout your day,
138
making you eat less often.
139
How intensely you feel hunger is largely genetic,
140
so especially people who suffer from food noise,
141
a constant urge to eat,
142
feel a huge psychological relief from the drug.
143
Finally, their body stopped screaming at them.
144
Suddenly, you're dieting without expending willpower,
145
without really thinking about it.
146
It feels magically effortless.
147
By changing your biology, a drug changed your behavior.
148
But, hmm, is this a good thing?
149
Miracle drugs.
150
On the weight loss side,
151
these drugs are incredibly effective.
152
In three months, you can lose 10% of your initial weight,
153
three months later, over 15,
154
and after a year, you may reach more than 20%,
155
a level of weight loss that used to only really be achievable through bariatric surgery.
156
In other words, GLP-1 drugs make excess weight melt away like nothing before.
157
We can't stress enough at how unhealthy obesity is,
158
causing everything from diabetes to heart attacks and cancer,
159
so the consequences for health are stunning.
160
Treatment with semaglutide cuts your risk of stroke or heart attack by 20%.
161
17 months of terzepatide crashes your chances of developing diabetes by 66%.
162
They also reduce sleep apnea,
163
improve kidney and liver function,
164
lower inflammation, cut cancer risk,
165
and may potentially slow Alzheimer's.
166
They might even boost fertility,
167
as obesity often disrupts hormones and increases complications during pregnancy.
168
And there may be more positive long-term effects.
169
Some of these benefits are a direct result of weight loss,
170
but intriguingly, they sometimes occur regardless of how much weight has been lost,
171
and some have been seen in patients who weren't obese to begin with.
172
We don't know why yet,
173
but it seems like turning up the GLP-1 signal is synchronizing the whole metabolic orchestra,
174
restoring a balance between brain, gut and body.
175
And as if that weren't enough,
176
GLP-1 drugs may also quiet other cravings.
177
They seem to reduce the use of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis and opioids.
178
Large trials are underway to confirm these effects.
179
If the results hold, they could become something unprecedented.
180
Real anti-addiction drugs.
181
But of course, there are side effects.
182
commonly nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and constipation.
183
Not fun, but usually harmless and fleeting for the vast majority of patients.
184
More serious stuff like pancreatitis,
185
kidney problems or gallbladder disease do happen,
186
but for well under 5% of people.
187
So it's pretty risky to take these drugs without medical supervision
188
and in extreme cases they can land you in the emergency room.
189
While these drugs are not really that new since diabetics have been using them for decades,
190
because now millions of people are using them,
191
we might discover new side effects in the coming years.
192
Apart from this, the main downside of GLP-1 drugs may come from their greatest strength,
193
rapid weight loss.
194
If you don't actively check what you eat,
195
taking these drugs is just an unhealthy crash diet.
196
Any steep calorie deficit requires resistance training and plenty of protein
197
or else you'll lose a lot of muscle along with the fat.
198
It's harmful at any age,
199
but especially after 40, when building muscle gets harder and the risk of falls starts to rise.
200
So while these drugs change your biology,
201
they don't do all the work for you.
202
Staying healthy still requires you to adopt healthy habits.
203
In the end, the same is true for these drugs as is for any other diet.
204
Without a lifestyle change, you either have to use the drugs forever or you'll probably gain the weight back.
205
For about a year the weight loss slows down and eventually stops in most people.
206
At this point, you usually stop using the medication.
207
If you used that time to change your eating habit,
208
you have a really good chance of keeping the lost weight off.
209
But about 25% regain a significant chunk and some 20% put back on all of it.
210
So for many, maintaining the results may mean staying on the drug forever.
211
Is this a bad idea?
212
Well, we don't know.
213
The newest generation of drugs is just too new,
214
so there's no long-term data.
215
The first GLP-1s from 2005 haven't shown major issues.
216
Based on what we know today,
217
it seems pretty clear that living with obesity is much unhealthier than living with drugs.
218
And to be crystal clear,
219
this doesn't mean that these drugs are for everyone.
220
If you want to lose a couple of pounds but are otherwise healthy and have no chronic disease,
221
these drugs were not made for you.
222
You really should go the traditional route first before you start injecting drugs.
223
Using it to get to unhealthy amounts of low body fat is definitely not a great idea.
224
In a nutshell, the best thing these drugs do is to remove the pressure of intense hunger and food noise,
225
to give you a time window where you can change your habits.
226
You still need to change your habits though,
227
no drug can fix that for you.
228
Conclusion and opinion
229
A recent study modeled what would happen if millions of US adults who are obese or overweight got GLP-1 drugs for life.
230
In just two years, about 50% of all obesity in the country would vanish.
231
Over the years, it would prevent 26 million cases of diabetes,
232
13 million cases of heart disease and 5.5 million premature deaths.
233
Which seems like a pretty good thing.
234
And new drugs that are in final trials promise to work even better.
235
Defeating obesity suddenly feels within reach.
236
Right now, the biggest obstacles are actually supply shortages and high prices,
237
which make these drugs inaccessible for many who actually need them.
238
Patents for semaglutide and tizepatide will expire soon in many countries,
239
and prices for them will collapse as a result.
240
In the long run, increased production and plummeting costs seem almost guaranteed.
241
So, should we just inject obesity away?
242
Well, for now at least it seems that there are few downsides,
243
although please don't listen to internet videos and talk to your doctor before you make any decisions for yourself.
244
It's also important to remember that while these drugs are immensely helpful,
245
they are not magic.
246
They make a hard thing easier,
247
but it still requires you to change your habits and put in some effort.
248
They can gain us the time we need to fix the root causes of obesity.
249
But it does seem the future just got a whole lot healthier.
250
Our latest limited edition pin is here,
251
kicking off the new Cosmic Time Collection.
252
It's an homage to Halley's Comet,
253
the cosmic traveler that's been visiting Earth for millennia.
254
It only returns around every 75 years,
255
but we captured it in a super sparkly rotating pin.
256
Only 10,000 exist and each one is individually numbered.
257
Wear it to complete your outfit,
258
add it to your collection,
259
or make it the first piece of a brand new one.
260
Over the years we've created quite a tradition of these tiny sculptures,
261
and you've loved collecting them,
262
so we decided to take it one step further.
263
Meet the first ever Kurzgesagt Figurines.
264
Small collectible scenes from the Kurzgesagt universe.
265
If you've been around the channel for a while,
266
these might look a little familiar.
267
Mission Control, meet Duck, always ready for another trip through space.
268
Never stare directly into a deadly ray from space.
269
This burp learned the hard way.
270
And whatever you do, never press the big red button.
271
Get one or all of them for your desk,
272
bookshelf or, honestly, your life in general.
273
We had a blast designing them,
274
packing each one with love and tiny details.
275
Head over to our shop,
276
we've put together a few deals for you.
277
Get your special piece of Kurzgesagt now.
Uygulamayı İndir
Akıcı konuşmak için ihtiyacınız olan her şey
AI TelaffuzHer cümleyi puanla
IPA AlıştırmasıHer sesi ustalaştır
Kelime BilgisiKelime bankanızı oluşturun
Kelime OyunuOynarken öğrenin
Aynı Kanal
C251
We Made A New Channel!
University StudentsWorking Adults
C14
How Caffeine Works
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C15
We Traveled Back in Time. Now Physicists Are Angry.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C121
Queen Ant Clones Another Species
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C113
Would You Upload Your Mind?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
You Will Only Like Half of This Video
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1149
How Antidepressants Work
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B238
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C173
We Won’t Explore the Galaxy...
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B26
Dozens of Nukes Are Missing. Why? HOW?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C1153
Something Travels Faster than Light
University StudentsWorking Adults
C14
How to Destroy a Black Hole
University StudentsWorking Adults
C14
Why Beautiful Things Make us Happy – Beauty Explained
University StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Do we Need Nuclear Energy to Stop Climate Change?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C182
The Deadliest Thing in Your Kitchen
University StudentsWorking Adults
B214
The Injection That Stops HIV
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C114
Let’s Tie All Planets Together
University StudentsWorking Adults
C17
Can You Escape a Black Hole?
University StudentsWorking Adults
B25
How ADHD Medication Works
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Video Öner
B26
166 cümleler
The Ozempic Economy is Out of Control
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
91 cümleler
Obesity: Causes, Health Conditions, and Treatment | Mass General Brigham
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C17
684 cümleler
What Happens to Your Brain When You Stop Using Social Media | English Listening Practice (B2-C1)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
388 cümleler
Targeting Belly Fat Is... Possible?! (NEW Study)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
148 cümleler
Statin Misinformation: Mayo Clinic Radio
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
319 cümleler
Junk food, sugar and additives - The dark side of the food industry | DW Documentary
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
48 cümleler
Pharmaceutical Industry Overview | Pharma and Biotech: Distinctions | Understanding Pharmaceuticals
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
530 cümleler
Human Immortality 4K | Can Science Defeat Aging?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
260 cümleler
Things That Are Normal in America But Insane Everywhere Else
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
628 cümleler
"Toned" Isn't Real: Build Muscle, Lose Fat, Ditch Diet Culture for Good | Dr. Stephanie Estima
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
132 cümleler
Food waste is the world's dumbest problem
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
119 cümleler
Why you’re always tired (+ food fixes!) 🍜
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 277 cümle ve 2630 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 15:35 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 169 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin yalnızca %81’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| obesity isim | /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/ | obezite |
| obese sıfat | /oʊˈbis/ | obez |
| habit isim | /ˈhæb.ɪt/ | alışkanlık, adet |
| hunger isim | /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ | açlık, aç |
| diabetes isim | /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtiːz/ | diyabet, şeker hastalığı |
| unhealthy sıfat | /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/ | sağlıksız |
| calorie isim | /ˈkæləɹi/ | kalori |
| hungry sıfat | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | aç |
| biology isim | /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | biyoloji, dirim bilimi |
| orchestra isim | /ˈɔː.kɪs.tɹə/ | orkestra |
| lifestyle isim | /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/ | yaşantı, hayat tarzı |
| excess isim | /ˈɛksɛs/ | fazlalık, şiddet |
| appetite isim | /ˈæp.əˌtaɪt/ | iştah, arzu |
| insulin isim | /ˈɪnsəlɪn/ | insülin |
| suffer fiil | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | çekmek, acı çekmek |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| slow down fiil | yavaşlamak |
| put together fiil | birleştirmek, bir araya getirmek |
| switch off fiil | kapatmak |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı don't, you're, doesn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 23 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, capture /ˈkæp.(t)ʃɚ/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, ownership /ˈoʊnɚʃɪp/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: obesity /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːsɪti/, biology /baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, critically /ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kə.li/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; obesity, obese, habit gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — önceden başlayıp hâlâ süren bir eylem | have been using · that's been visiting |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have tried · has become · it's been engineered |
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | are wired · been engineered · are labeled |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | people who get · people who suffer |
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.