Shadowing Practice: What If We Built Vertical Farms? - Learn English Speaking with Video
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As our population grows, we're going to need a lot more farms to feed the planet.
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Yet, in a lot of places, farming is almost impossible.
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And much of the land we can use for farming is disappearing.
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With so many farms on land,
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could we build farms vertically to save space?
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Maybe it's time to grow up.
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The United States has 10% of the world's farmland,
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but between the years of 1992 and 2012,
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Over 12 million hectares of it was gobbled up due to development.
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That's 70 hectares per hour.
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As populations grow, this is happening in other countries around the world too.
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So where can we grow food?
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People have built farms all over our planet,
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in the most unlikely places.
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We've grown food in arid deserts and on the sides of mountains,
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and used greenhouses to extend growing seasons.
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But what about in a plant scraper?
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A Swedish company called Plantagon is working on one right now.
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The $40 million World Food Building in Sweden is set to open in 2020.
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The company calls this process agritektur.
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Alright.
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So why should we farm vertically?
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well, we'd save a lot of space and water.
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In fact, vertical farming saves 80-95% of the water used in traditional outdoor farming by using computer-controlled mist and slow drip systems.
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Vertical farming also means we wouldn't need expensive combines and tractors.
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Cities would have fresher veggies,
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and we wouldn't need to send trucks great distances to transport food.
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This would cut pollution too.
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So how exactly could we build a vertical farm?
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Using the power of AI,
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companies such as Belgium's Urban Crop Solutions are creating climate-controlled vertical farms up to 24 levels high.
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Farmers can grow anywhere from 75,000 to 91.5 million crops per year indoors.
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The company also sells indoor vertical farming kits for 12-meter shipping containers.
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These kits offer 4 to 6 levels,
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which can grow up to 54,000 crops per year.
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With the ability to control the lighting,
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moisture levels, and nutrients for each type of crop by using computers,
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plants grow much faster in a vertical farm.
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Plus, vertical farms don't require pesticides,
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since they're contained indoors and are high up off the ground where many insects thrive.
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The majority of crops grown in vertical farms include leafy green vegetables like kale,
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bok choy, watercress, arugula, lettuce,
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mizuna, mustard greens, collard greens,
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basil, mint, chard, and chives.
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That's almost everything you'd need for a power smoothie.
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Companies have started building vertical farms in existing urban spaces,
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such as abandoned warehouses and factories.
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The vertical farms can turn cities' excess heat and waste into vital assets for local food production.
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In China, entire districts are devoted to agriculture and vertical farming.
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With a rapidly growing population,
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less and less land has become available.
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And pollution is a big problem for traditional farms.
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In this case, growing vertically has become a necessity.
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Vertical farms have proven to be invaluable after natural disasters,
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such as the destruction of the nuclear power plant at Fukushima in Japan in 2011.
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Since land near the reactor was not safe for growing crops,
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consumers were happy to have their lettuce grown indoors.
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Five years later, there were more than 190 vertical farms in Japan.
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One company says it grows 21,000 heads of lettuce per day.
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That's a lot of salad.
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Many countries in the Middle East import almost 80% of their food due to their arid climate and landscape.
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Vertical farms could drastically improve this situation and would also create more jobs in the area.
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Tech companies like Google, Amazon,
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and Asia Pacific are already investing in vertical farming and automated agriculture.
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Soon we'll start seeing vertical farms in many more urban areas.
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These will help to bring communities together and provide safe access to nutritious food.
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But in order for vertical farms to succeed,
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they'll need the backing of consumers.
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Some people argue that this kind of farm is too unnatural or expensive,
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while others like the idea of fresh food produced closer to home.
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What do you think?
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Let us know in the comments below.
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In the near future, we may need to make vertical farming an even bigger priority,
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especially if we run out of oil.
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But that's a story for another WHAT IF.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B2 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “What If We Built Vertical Farms?” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: farm, vertical, farming, grow, crop. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 75 cümle ve 698 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 5:48 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 120 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %76’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| vertical sıfat | /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/ | dikey |
| lettuce isim | /ˈlɛt.ɪs/ | marul |
| arid sıfat | /ˈæɹɪd/ | çorak, kurak |
| hectare isim | /ˈhɛk.tɛɹ/ | hektar |
| pollution isim | /pəˈluʃən/ | kirlilik, kirlenme |
| arugula isim | /əˈɹuɡələ/ | roka |
| nutritious sıfat | /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/ | besleyici |
| pesticide isim | /ˈpɛstɪsaɪd/ | pestisit |
| scraper isim | /ˈskɹeɪpɚ/ | raspa |
| watercress isim | /ˈwɔtəɹkɹɛs/ | su teresi |
| nutrient isim | /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ | besin |
| devote fiil | /dɪˈvəʊt/ | adamak |
| drip fiil | /ˈdɹɪp/ | damlamak, dammak |
| basil isim | /ˈbæz.əl/ | fesleğen, reyhan |
| mustard isim | /ˈmʌstəɹd/ | hardal |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| grow up fiil | büyümek, yetişmek |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have built · We've grown · have started |
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | was gobbled · is set · are devoted |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı wouldn't, don't, they'll gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 10 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “th” sesleri: smoothie /ˈsmuːði/, thrive /θɹajv/
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: pollution /pəˈluʃən/, nutritious /nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: vertically /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəli/, arugula /əˈɹuɡələ/, invaluable /ɪnˈvælju(ə)bl̩/, necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: watercress /ˈwɔtəɹkɹɛs/, warehouse /ˈwɛə(ɹ)haʊs/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: crop /kɹɑp/, scraper /ˈskɹeɪpɚ/, smoothie /ˈsmuːði/, drip /ˈdɹɪp/, thrive /θɹajv/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: arid /ˈæɹɪd/, farmland /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/, invaluable /ɪnˈvælju(ə)bl̩/, basil /ˈbæz.əl/, tractor /ˈtɹæktɚ/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; vertical, lettuce, arid gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.