シャドーイング練習: What If We Built Vertical Farms? - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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As our population grows, we're going to need a lot more farms to feed the planet.
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As our population grows, we're going to need a lot more farms to feed the planet.
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Yet, in a lot of places, farming is almost impossible.
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And much of the land we can use for farming is disappearing.
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With so many farms on land,
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could we build farms vertically to save space?
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Maybe it's time to grow up.
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The United States has 10% of the world's farmland,
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but between the years of 1992 and 2012,
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Over 12 million hectares of it was gobbled up due to development.
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That's 70 hectares per hour.
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As populations grow, this is happening in other countries around the world too.
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So where can we grow food?
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People have built farms all over our planet,
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in the most unlikely places.
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We've grown food in arid deserts and on the sides of mountains,
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and used greenhouses to extend growing seasons.
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But what about in a plant scraper?
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A Swedish company called Plantagon is working on one right now.
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The $40 million World Food Building in Sweden is set to open in 2020.
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The company calls this process agritektur.
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Alright.
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So why should we farm vertically?
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well, we'd save a lot of space and water.
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In fact, vertical farming saves 80-95% of the water used in traditional outdoor farming by using computer-controlled mist and slow drip systems.
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Vertical farming also means we wouldn't need expensive combines and tractors.
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Cities would have fresher veggies,
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and we wouldn't need to send trucks great distances to transport food.
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This would cut pollution too.
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So how exactly could we build a vertical farm?
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Using the power of AI,
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companies such as Belgium's Urban Crop Solutions are creating climate-controlled vertical farms up to 24 levels high.
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Farmers can grow anywhere from 75,000 to 91.5 million crops per year indoors.
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The company also sells indoor vertical farming kits for 12-meter shipping containers.
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These kits offer 4 to 6 levels,
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which can grow up to 54,000 crops per year.
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With the ability to control the lighting,
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moisture levels, and nutrients for each type of crop by using computers,
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plants grow much faster in a vertical farm.
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Plus, vertical farms don't require pesticides,
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since they're contained indoors and are high up off the ground where many insects thrive.
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The majority of crops grown in vertical farms include leafy green vegetables like kale,
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bok choy, watercress, arugula, lettuce,
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mizuna, mustard greens, collard greens,
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basil, mint, chard, and chives.
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That's almost everything you'd need for a power smoothie.
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Companies have started building vertical farms in existing urban spaces,
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such as abandoned warehouses and factories.
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The vertical farms can turn cities' excess heat and waste into vital assets for local food production.
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In China, entire districts are devoted to agriculture and vertical farming.
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With a rapidly growing population,
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less and less land has become available.
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And pollution is a big problem for traditional farms.
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In this case, growing vertically has become a necessity.
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Vertical farms have proven to be invaluable after natural disasters,
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such as the destruction of the nuclear power plant at Fukushima in Japan in 2011.
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Since land near the reactor was not safe for growing crops,
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consumers were happy to have their lettuce grown indoors.
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Five years later, there were more than 190 vertical farms in Japan.
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One company says it grows 21,000 heads of lettuce per day.
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That's a lot of salad.
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Many countries in the Middle East import almost 80% of their food due to their arid climate and landscape.
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Vertical farms could drastically improve this situation and would also create more jobs in the area.
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Tech companies like Google, Amazon,
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and Asia Pacific are already investing in vertical farming and automated agriculture.
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Soon we'll start seeing vertical farms in many more urban areas.
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These will help to bring communities together and provide safe access to nutritious food.
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But in order for vertical farms to succeed,
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they'll need the backing of consumers.
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Some people argue that this kind of farm is too unnatural or expensive,
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while others like the idea of fresh food produced closer to home.
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What do you think?
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Let us know in the comments below.
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In the near future, we may need to make vertical farming an even bigger priority,
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especially if we run out of oil.
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But that's a story for another WHAT IF.
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この動画で話す練習をする理由
この動画は、都市での垂直農業というユニークなトピックを扱っています。このような先進的な農業方法について話すことで、英語スピーキング練習において実践的な知識を得ることができます。具体的には、人口増加に伴う農業の新しい可能性や環境に優しい方法についての議論が展開されており、この情報を基にすることで、自分の意見を英語で表現するスキルが向上します。さらに、興味深い話題を使っての議論は、会話の流れをスムーズにし、リスナーとのコミュニケーションを深める助けになります。こうしたコンテンツは、シェイダリング（影を追うこと）を通じてシンプルに学びたい方にとっても非常に有益です。
文法と表現の分析
この動画の中でいくつかのキーとなる構造が使われています。以下は、その中でも特に注目すべき文法や表現です：
- 条件文: “If we built farms vertically, we’d save a lot of space.” これは仮に〜したらという条件付きの文で、将来的な可能性を示唆しています。
- 受動態: “A Swedish company called Plantagon is working on one right now.” 受動態を使用することで、行動の主語が不明確な場合にも情報を伝えることができます。
- 比較級: “Vertical farming saves 80-95% of the water used in traditional outdoor farming.” 比較級を使って、特定の方法の利点を強調する表現です。
- 現在進行形: “Companies are creating climate-controlled vertical farms.” 現在進行形は現在起こっていることを伝えるのに効果的です。
一般的な発音のトラップ
動画内には発音が難しい単語やフレーズが含まれています。特に注意が必要な点は以下です：
- agriculture（農業）: 'アグリカルチャー'とはっきりと発音しますが、慣れないと流れるように言ってしまうかもしれません。
- vertical（垂直の）: 「ヴァーティカル」は、特に音節を分けて発音することを意識すると良いでしょう。
- sustainable（持続可能な）: 「サステイナブル」と発音しますが、ついつい「サステイン」を短縮して発音してしまうことがあります。
これらのポイントを意識して練習することで、英語のスピーキング能力を高めるだけでなく、より自然な発音で表現することができるようになります。英語スピーキング練習を通じて、興味深い話題でのディスカッションを楽しみましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。