Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: How to Fight Perfectionism - Study Tips
Đang tạo bài học...
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Hello my Socratica friends!
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We're here to help you be a great student.
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Notice I didn't say perfect student.
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Do you expect that of yourself?
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You might be suffering from perfectionism.
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This isn't a good thing, even though perfect is right there in the word.
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Maybe we should call it perfectitis, so it sounds like an inflammation, which it kind of is.
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An inflamed sense that you need to be perfect.
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Confession time?
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This is something I really struggle with, personally.
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There's this word that got in my head when I was a kid, impeccable.
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I don't have any idea why I thought this.
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It didn't come from my parents or my teachers, but I really believed my work needed to be impeccable.
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My penmanship had to be impeccable, my school uniform had to be impeccable.
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I had to get a hundred percent on every test.
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I had to be the best student in the class.
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Even though I was a very strong student, my perfectionism got in the way of my really enjoying my education.
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Because I wasn't perfect, I had a hard time appreciating just how much I had learned.
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I'm still fighting this tendency.
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I want to be the best I can be, but how can we strive for excellence in a healthy way?
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We're learning together today, Socratica friends.
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Let's talk about how we can cut ourselves a little slack and beat perfectionism.
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We'll start by addressing our unreasonable expectations.
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I'm not talking about our goals.
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Having ambitious goals you want to achieve is terrific.
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Where it gets us into trouble is when we think our goal should be easy to achieve.
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We're imagining some ideal outcome, like writing a beautiful computer program or getting straight A's.
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What we don't fully imagine is what it will take to get there.
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Okay, all you perfectionist computer programmers out there, how many versions of your code do you think you'll have to write before it's fully functional?
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Experienced coders know that you should expect error after error after error.
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And sometimes you have to compromise your standards of writing elegant code just to get it working.
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It takes a long time and a lot of effort to get to your final product.
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So when you're beating yourself up for not writing perfect code on your first try, keep this in mind.
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No one writes perfect code on their first try.
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Programming is a process of planning, deep thinking, and trial and error.
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We admire beautiful code precisely because it isn't easy to do.
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So why are you punishing yourself for not finding it easy?
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Perfectionism can stop us from even trying something because we think we know ahead of time we won't be good at it.
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We turn away from opportunities before they even start.
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This is an example of all or nothing thinking.
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If you're not the best, why bother?
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Really?
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Imagine, it's the Olympics.
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They give the gold medal to the fastest runner.
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Everyone else in the world should stop running.
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Don't cut yourself off from an enriching pursuit, learning, growing, just because you're not measuring up to some arbitrary standard on this day.
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This is the saddest consequence of perfectionism.
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Not to be over the top about it, but honestly, you are denying the world your brilliance.
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What if Beethoven didn't share his music because it took him years to write compared with Mozart, who seemed to write down finished compositions on his first try?
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We need Beethoven's just as much as we need Mozart's.
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perfectionism might look a little different.
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In fact, you may not even recognize that perfectionism is what's behind your actions.
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For example, you might find yourself procrastinating.
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Do you put off writing a paper until the last minute?
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Why do we do this?
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If you're a perfectionist, it's because you know that you won't write a perfect paper.
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No one can.
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That's not a thing.
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But for some reason, you think that's what's expected of you.
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By putting your work off, you give yourself an out.
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Now you can say to yourself, well, that wasn't a fair test of my abilities, I wrote it in two hours.
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This might surprise you that what looks like a half-hearted work ethic is really perfectionism in disguise.
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This is another negative consequence of perfectionism.
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You're denying yourself the satisfaction of rising to a challenge.
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How gratifying is it to do something perfectly the first time?
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Fleeting at best.
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We may not even acknowledge it, but when you've had to really put in effort and time, and even a little struggle.
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The success is that much sweeter when it finally comes.
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Another way perfectionism shows up is when you're reluctant to say you're finished with something, because it's just not perfect yet.
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That painting you started months ago, the novel you've been secretly working on for years that you keep rewriting before you're willing to show it to anyone,
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it happens to all the time when we make our videos.
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We have a phrase we like to say to each other
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here at Socratica to try to nip our perfectionism in the bud.
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Done is good.
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You see, we spend a lot of time writing, filming, and editing our videos.
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It probably takes us longer than it should to get a video out
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because we're always fiddling with our lighting gear
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or trying to get a transition in a video just right or tweaking the audio.
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We're never going to make an absolutely perfect video and we're trying to learn to accept that.
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It isn't easy.
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We don't have it all figured out.
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One way we're hoping to improve is by getting some help editing.
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If you'd like to see us make videos faster you could help by becoming our Patreon on Patreon.
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That way we can hire an editor who has a little bit less of this perfectionist streak, but someone who is still good, obviously.
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I mean, we are Socratico.
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We still want to make excellent videos for you, just a little faster.
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So what's the perfect way to fight perfectionism?
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It may help to recognize emotional reasons for perfectionism.
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Research professor Dr. Brené Brown sums it up spectacularly.
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You might say, impeccably.
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When perfectionism is driving, shame is always riding shotgun, and fear is the annoying backseat driver.
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There they are, those emotions we've been trying to cover up
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and push under the sofa so we don't have to deal with them.
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Shame and fear.
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On the surface, we think we're trying to be perfect.
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But what we're really doing is finding a way to not get hurt.
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Subconsciously, we're saying to ourselves, if I'm perfect, I can avoid criticism.
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If I never make a single mistake on the job, I won't have to worry about being laid off.
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If I behave exactly the way they expect me to, they'll like me.
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Our perfectionism is all about what other people will think of us.
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How do I measure up?
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The sad thing is, perfectionism is such a shield against being vulnerable
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that it also prevents you from being recognized for who you really are.
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You never feel secure that people know the real you because you're working so hard to put up this false, perfect image.
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So what can we do to squelch perfectionism since it's such an irrational set of emotions and behaviors?
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Maybe the answer isn't to push it down out of sight, but rather to bring it out into the light.
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Journaling is great for this.
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Write your most unreasonable expectations down.
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Like, I should get 100% on all my tests, always, forever, and ever.
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Imagine that someone else was saying that to you.
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You tell them they're being ridiculous, right?
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Getting these thoughts out of your head and onto paper can take a lot of their power away.
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You can also try deliberately leaving something unfinished or not quite perfect.
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This can be very uncomfortable.
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We're not saying you should do this for something really important, like your term paper or a grant application.
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Start with something small, maybe something in your personal life.
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When you can let a few things slide and see that life goes on, and people still like you for who you are, perfectionism loosens its grip on you just a little.
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Another exercise to try is to do your job once on a basic level return and add some details.
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Finally, give yourself one last pass to finish the job.
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If you can't get it done to your desired degree of perfection in three passes, make yourself let it go.
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Remember, this isn't your one and only project ever.
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Another project, another paper, another presentation is coming up, and soon.
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We've been trying this for our video production.
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We do one basic edit, next we add in some details, and then one final pass to check for mistakes and little special tweaks.
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We could easily, easily keep making more passes through a video, but the more time we work on this video, the less time we have to work on our other ideas.
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Big picture, Socratica friends.
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Remind yourself that perfectionism isn't helping.
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By increasing your anxiety, it actually means you're less likely to achieve your goals.
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And what a relief to be able to go through life knowing that your friends and colleagues know the real you, not some fake perfect robot.
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Being perfect isn't human.
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You can open yourself up to more truthful relationships
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when you stop pretending to be perfect and start being who you really are.
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When you're immersed in academia or a high-stress work environment, it's easy to lose track of the simple fact you are more than what you are good at.
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Focus on being proud of yourself for showing up, doing your job, being reliable, being kind.
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All of those things are in your control.
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We're all about stretching yourself and getting better here at Socratica.
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There's nothing wrong with striving, but you can find a way to strive for healthy striving.
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It's all part of being a great student.
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Socratica friends, we literally wrote the book on how to be a great student.
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Buy your copy today.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói trình độ B2 này dựa trên video “How to Fight Perfectionism - Study Tips”. Video này có 140 câu và 1704 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 9:57. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 171 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. 86% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| strive động từ | /ˈstɹaɪv/ | cố gắng |
| consequence danh từ | /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/ | hậu quả |
| emotion danh từ | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | cảm xúc |
| immerse động từ | /ɪˈmɜɹs/ | nhúng |
| programmer danh từ | /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/ | lập trình viên |
| irrational tính từ | /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/ | bất hợp lý |
| inflammation danh từ | /ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/ | viêm |
| sofa danh từ | /ˈsoʊ̯fə/ | xô-pha, ghế xô-pha |
| reluctant tính từ | /ɹɪˈlʌktənt/ | miễn cưỡng |
| confession danh từ | /kənˈfɛʃən/ | xưng tội |
| punish động từ | /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ | phạt, trừng phạt |
| elegant tính từ | /ˈɛləɡənt/ | thanh lịch, tao nhã |
| ambitious tính từ | /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ | có hoài bão, có tham vọng |
| tendency danh từ | /ˈtɛn.dən.si/ | khuynh hướng, xu thế |
| admire động từ | /ədˈmaɪɹ/ | khâm phục |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| write down động từ | viết ra, ghi xuống |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- We're here to help you be a great student.
- Do you expect that of yourself?
- If you're not the best, why bother?
- Why do we do this?
- How do I measure up?
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn have/has been + -ing — việc bắt đầu từ trước và vẫn đang tiếp tục | we've been trying |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | being laid · being recognized |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 56 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ we're, you're, isn't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: truthful /ˈtɹuːθ.f(ə)l/, ethic /ˈɛθ.ɪk/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: perfectionism /pɚˈfɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zm̩/, perfectionist /pɚˈfɛk.ʃənɪst/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, irrational /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: perfectionism /pɚˈfɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zm̩/, impeccable /ɪmˈpɛkəbəl/, perfectionist /pɚˈfɛk.ʃənɪst/, unreasonable /ʌnˈɹiːz.(ə)nə.bl̩/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: perfectionist /pɚˈfɛk.ʃənɪst/, consequence /ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwəns/, brilliance /ˈbɹɪljən(t)s/, immerse /ɪˈmɜɹs/, squelch /ˈskwɛlt͡ʃ/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: enrich /ɪnˈɹɪt͡ʃ/, squelch /ˈskwɛlt͡ʃ/, acknowledge /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: gratify /ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/, procrastinate /pɹoʊˈkɹæs.tə.neɪt/, academia /ˌæk.əˈdi.mi.ə/, programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/, irrational /ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như strive, consequence, emotion.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.