Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Most People Waste Their Life Without Realizing It | Naval Ravikant

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190 câu

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What is happiness?

Hạnh phúc là gì?

I think it's just basically being okay with where you are.

Tôi nghĩ về cơ bản đó là việc chấp nhận và hài lòng với vị trí hiện tại của mình.

Not wanting.

Không muốn.

Not wanting things to be different than the way they are.

Không mong muốn mọi thứ phải khác với cách chúng đang diễn ra.

Not having the sense that anything is missing in this moment.

Không có cảm giác rằng có điều gì đó đang thiếu vắng trong khoảnh khắc này.

If you can observe your own thoughts and view them a little objectively, then you can start being a little more choosy, a little more critical.

Nếu bạn có thể quan sát những suy nghĩ của chính mình và nhìn nhận chúng một cách khách quan hơn một chút, thì bạn có thể bắt đầu lựa chọn kỹ lưỡng hơn và có cái nhìn phê phán hơn một chút.

And you can realize that there are no problems in the real world other than maybe things

Và bạn có thể nhận ra rằng không có vấn đề nào trên thế giới thực ngoài những thứ có thể xảy ra.

that inflict pain on your body.

gây ra đau đớn cho cơ thể của bạn.

Everything else has to become a problem in your mind first You have to view it

Tất cả những điều còn lại đều phải trở thành một vấn đề trong tâm trí bạn trước tiên. Bạn phải nhìn nhận nó.

and interpret it and create a narrative

và diễn giải nó, đồng thời xây dựng một câu chuyện kể

that it is a problem before it becomes a problem and then you realize that a lot of your

rằng đó là một vấn đề trước khi nó trở thành một vấn đề, và sau đó bạn nhận ra rằng rất nhiều thứ của bạn

emotional energy is spent on reacting to things

năng lượng cảm xúc bị tiêu tốn vào việc phản ứng lại mọi thứ

that your mind is automatically saying are problems And you don't need all those problems.

rằng tâm trí bạn tự động cho là vấn đề. Và bạn không cần tất cả những vấn đề đó.

Do you really need that many problems in your life?

Bạn có thực sự cần nhiều vấn đề như vậy trong cuộc sống của mình không?

Again, I would say try to focus on just one Overarching problem and then go solve that problem.

Một lần nữa, tôi muốn nhấn mạnh rằng hãy cố gắng tập trung vào chỉ một vấn đề tổng thể duy nhất, sau đó hãy đi giải quyết vấn đề đó.

If you define pain as physical pain, then it's a real thing.

Nếu bạn định nghĩa nỗi đau là nỗi đau thể xác, thì đó là một thứ có thật.

It happens and you can't ignore it.

Điều đó xảy ra và bạn không thể phớt lờ nó.

But that's not what we mean by suffering.

Nhưng đó không phải là ý chúng ta nói về sự đau khổ.

Suffering is mostly mental anguish and mental pain.

Sự đau khổ phần lớn là nỗi thống khổ tinh thần và nỗi đau về mặt tâm thần.

And it just means you don't want to do the task at hand.

If you were fine doing the task at hand, then you wouldn't be suffering.

And then the question is, what's more effective, to suffer along the way or just to interpret it in a way that it's not suffering?

You hear from a lot of successful people, they look back and they say, oh, the journey was the fun part, right?

That was actually the entertaining part

and i should have enjoyed it more it's a common regret

but just be careful because your attention is the only thing

that you have one big anxiety resolve for me is just

ruminating on death i think that's a good one you're gonna die it's all going to zero

if you can keep the idea in front of you at all times

that you're going to die and that everything goes literally to zero

what's there to stress about yeah for better

or worse life is very short how should people deal with

its briefness enjoy it there's a little thought exercise i like to do

which is you can go back into your own life

and try to put yourself in the exact position you were

in five years ago 10 years ago 15 years ago 20 years ago

and you try to remember okay who was i with what

was i doing what was i feeling what were my emotions what were my objectives

and really really try to transport yourself back and see

if there's any advice you'd give yourself anything you'd do differently

now you don't have new information don't pretend you could have gone back

and you know bought a stock or bought bitcoin or whatever

but just knowing what you know now in terms of your temperament

and a little bit of age related experience how would you have done things differently

and i think it's a worthwhile exercise to do

so don't let me rob you of the conclusion

but i'll tell you for me uh i would have done

everything the same except i would have done it with less anger, less emotion, less internal suffering.

Because that was optional, it wasn't necessary.

And I would argue that someone who can do the job at least peacefully,

but maybe happily, is going to be more effective than someone who has unnecessary emotional turmoil.

And the journey is not only the reward, the journey is the only thing there is.

Even success, it's human nature to bank it very, very quickly.

Because the normal loop that we run through is you sit around, you're bored, then you want something then

when you want something you decide you're not going to be happy until you get

that thing then you start your bout of suffering or anticipation

while you strive to get that thing if you get

that thing then you get used to it

and then you get bored again then a few months later you want something else

and if you don't get it then you're unhappy for a bit

and then you get over it then you want something else right that's the normal cycle

so whether you're happy

or unhappy at the end it tends not to last now i don't want to be glib and say that, oh, there's no point in making money or being successful.

There absolutely is.

Money solves all your money problems.

So it is good to have money.

That said, there are those

stories that shows that people who break their back

and people who win the lottery are back to their baseline happiness two years later.

Again, I don't know if that's entirely true.

I think money can buy you happiness if you earned it, because then along the way, you have both pride and confidence in yourself

and you have a sense of accomplishment and you set out to do something and you were right.

How do you shortcut that desire contract?

You could focus, you could decide that I don't want most things.

I think we have a lot of unnecessary desires that we just pick up everywhere.

We have opinions on everything, judgments on everything.

So I think just knowing that those are the source of unhappiness

will make you be choosy about your desires and frankly

if you want to be successful you have to be choosy

about your desires you have to focus you can't be great

at everything you can't be great at everything you're just going to waste your energy

and waste your time don't do something you don't want to do why are you wasting your time there's

so little time on this earth life goes fast what are the four thousand weeks that's your lifespan um

and and yes we hear that but we don't remember it

but uh i guess i'm keenly aware of how little time I have, so I'm just not going to waste it.

Don't fritter away your life on randomly scheduled things and things that aren't important, don't matter, and events and weddings and,

you know, tedious dinners with tedious people that you don't want to go to.

To the extent you can bring freedom into your life, optimize for that, you'll actually be more productive.

You won't just be happier, more free.

You will be more productive because then you can focus on what is in front of you, whatever the biggest problem of that day.

When I wake up in the morning, the first four hours are when I have the most energy.

And that's when I want to solve all the hard problems.

And the next four hours are when I kind of want to, you know, do some more outdoorsy activities or I want to work out or maybe I can, you know, have some meetings,

but I'll try to do those last second based on whatever the day's priorities demand.

The last four hours, I kind of want to wind down.

I want to hang out with the kids and I want to play games or read a book or something like that.

So having that flexibility and freedom is really important.

So you can just put whatever is most needed into the slot at that moment.

I reject this frame that efficiency and productivity and success are counter to happiness and freedom.

100

They actually go together.

101

How so?

102

The happier you are, the more you can sustain doing something, the more likely you're going to do something

103

that will in turn make you even happier and you'll continue to do it and you'll outwork everybody else.

104

The more free you are, the better you can allocate your time

105

and the less you're caught up in a web of obligations

106

and commitments and the more you can focus on the task at hand.

107

So what matters is just being present for the thing.

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So if you're doing something that you want to do and you're fully there for it, then it's not wasted time.

109

If you don't want to do it

110

and your mind is running away from it and you're reacting against it

111

and you're wishing you were somewhere else and you're thinking about some other thing

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or you're anticipating some future thing or regretting some past thing or being fearful of something, then that's wasted time.

113

That's time that's being wasted when you're not actually present for the reality in front of you.

114

So my definition of wasted time, yes, I do want some material things in life and there are things that have more value than others within this life.

115

But this life is very short and bounded.

116

So the true waste of time is a time that you are not present for, when you are not there for it,

117

when you are not doing the thing you want to do to the best of a capability such

118

that you're immersed in it.

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If you're not immersed in this moment, then you're wasting your time.

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The worst outcome in the world is not having self -esteem.

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Why?

122

Yeah, it's a tough one.

123

I look at the people, and I don't want to offend anybody, but I look at the people who don't like themselves, and that's the toughest slot because they're always wrestling with themselves.

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And it's hard enough to face the outside world.

125

And no one's going to like you more than you like yourself.

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So if you're struggling with yourself, then the outside world becomes an insurmountable challenge.

127

And it's hard to say why people have low self -esteem.

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It might be genetic it might just be circumstantial.

129

A lot of times I think it's because they just weren't unconditionally loved as a child, and that sort of seeps in at a deep core level.

130

But self -esteem issues can be the most limiting.

131

To some extent, self -esteem is a reputation you have with yourself.

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You're watching yourself at all times, you know what you're doing, and you have your own moral code.

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Everyone has a different moral code.

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But if you don't live up to your own moral code, the same code that you hold others to, it will damage your self -esteem.

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So perhaps one way to build up your self -esteem is

136

to live up to your own code very rigorously have one and then live up to it

137

another way to raise your self -esteem might be to do things for others

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if I look back on my life and you know what are the moments

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that I'm actually proud of there's very far and few between

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and it's not

141

that often it's not the things you would expect it's not the material success it's not having learned this thing

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or that it's when I made a sacrifice for somebody

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or something that I loved and that's when I'm actually ironically most proud.

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Now that's through an explicit mental exercise but I'll bet you at some level I'm recording that implicitly.

145

So that tells me that even if I am not being loved then the way to create love is to give love, to express love through sacrifice and through duty.

146

And so I think doing things like that can build up your self -esteem really fast.

147

Because anxiety is the emotion du jour of the 21st century and lots of driven people,

148

very anxious, very paranoid, that's what's caused them to be affected it pays

149

so much attention detail oriented not letting things go staying up

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at night thinking about it that's the paranoia coming in what have you come to learn about anxiety

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and dealing with it so anxiety and stress are interesting they're very related stress is

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when like if you look at an iron beam

153

when an iron beam is under stress it's

154

because it's being bent in two different directions at the same time

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so when your mind is under stress is

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because it has two conflicting desires at once

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so for example you know you you want to be liked

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but you want to do something selfish and you can't reconcile the two and

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so you're under stress you want to do something for somebody

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else you want to do something for yourself right these are you you don't want to go to work

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but you want to make money so you're under stress right

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so you have two conflicting desires

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and I think one of the ways to get through stress is to acknowledge

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that oh I actually have two conflicting desires

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and either I need to resolve it I need to pick one

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and then be okay losing the other or I will decide later

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but at least just being aware of why your stress can help alleviate a lot of stress

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and then anxiety I think is sort of this pervasive

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unidentifiable stress where you're just kind of stressed out all the time and you're not even sure why.

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And you can't even identify the underlying problem.

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And the reason for that is because you have so many unresolved problems,

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unresolved stress points that are piled up in your life that you can no longer identify what the problems are.

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And there's this mountain of garbage in your mind, and it's a little bit of it poking out the top like an iceberg.

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And that's anxiety.

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But underneath, there's a lot of unresolved things.

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And so you just need to kind of go through very carefully every time you're anxious.

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Like, okay, why am I anxious this time?

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I don't know why.

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Oh, well, let me sit here and just think about it.

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Let me write down what the possible causes could be.

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Let me meditate on it.

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Let me journal.

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Let me talk to a therapist.

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Let me talk to my friends.

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Let me just kind of see, like, when does that stress go away?

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If you can kind of identify and unravel and resolve these issues, then I think that helps get rid of anxiety.

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A lot of the anxiety is piled up because we move through life too quickly, not observing our own reactions to things.

188

We don't resolve them.

189

So this goes counter to what I was saying earlier about not reflecting too much on things.

190

But you reflect on the problems to observe them and solve them.

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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này

Bài luyện nói trình độ C1 này dựa trên video “Most People Waste Their Life Without Realizing It”. Video này có 190 câu và 2450 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 11:34. Người nói nói nhanh, khoảng 212 từ mỗi phút, nên sẽ có nhiều chỗ nối âm và nuốt âm. 88% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.

Từ vựng quan trọng trong video

15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:

Từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa
observe động từ	/əbˈzɜːv/	quan sát
immerse động từ	/ɪˈmɜɹs/	nhúng
interpret động từ	/ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/	diễn giải
bore động từ	/boɹ/	khoan, đục
iceberg danh từ	/ˈaɪsbɝɡ/	núi băng trôi, băng sơn
paranoia danh từ	/ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/	hoang tưởng ảo giác
pervasive tính từ	/pəˈveɪ.sɪv/	lan toả, rộng khắp
shortcut danh từ	/ˈʃɔːtkʌt/	lối tắt, đường tắt
turmoil danh từ	/ˈtɜːmɔɪl/	sự náo động
offend động từ	/əˈfɛnd/	xúc phạm
fearful tính từ	/ˈfɪəfəl/	đáng sợ
poke động từ	/poʊk/	chọc
strive động từ	/ˈstɹaɪv/	cố gắng
entertain động từ	/ˌɛntəˈteɪn/	giải trí, tiêu khiển
explicit tính từ	/ɪkˈsplɪs.ɪt/	rõ ràng

Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe

Từ	Nghĩa
go back động từ	trở lại
pick up động từ	nhặt, lượm
pile up động từ	vun
sit around động từ	ngồi không
write down động từ	viết ra, ghi xuống

Những câu đáng luyện lại

Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:

Do you really need that many problems in your life?
It happens and you can't ignore it.
How do you shortcut that desire contract?
You won't just be happier, more free.

Ngữ pháp trong video

Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:

Cấu trúc	Trong video
Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm	is spent · being wasted · being loved
Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật	someone who can · someone who has · people who break
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại	have done · have you come

Phát âm cần chú ý

Người nói dùng 75 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ you're, don't, can't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.

Âm “th”: worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, therapist /ˈθɛɹəpɪst/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
Âm “sh” và “zh”: anguish /ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/, circumstantial /səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/, shortcut /ˈʃɔːtkʌt/, accomplishment /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ.mənt/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: circumstantial /səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/, objectively /əbˈd͡ʒɛktɪvli/, paranoia /ˌpæɹ.əˈnɔɪ.ə/, temperament /ˈtɛm.pɚ.ə.mənt/, alleviate /əˈli.vi.eɪt/

Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:

Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: immerse /ɪˈmɜɹs/, inflict /ɪnˈflɪkt/, orient /ˈɔɹ.iˌɛnt/, temperament /ˈtɛm.pɚ.ə.mənt/, offend /əˈfɛnd/
Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: choosy /ˈt͡ʃuːzi/, objectively /əbˈd͡ʒɛktɪvli/
Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/, allocate /ˈæl.ə.keɪt/, anguish /ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/, circumstantial /səɹ.kəmˈstænʃəl/, lifespan /ˈlaɪf.spæn/

Cách luyện với video này

Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như observe, immerse, interpret.

Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?

Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.

Phương pháp shadowing: đọc hướng dẫn từng bước đầy đủ →

Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Most People Waste Their Life Without Realizing It | Naval Ravikant

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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này

Từ vựng quan trọng trong video

Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe

Những câu đáng luyện lại

Ngữ pháp trong video

Phát âm cần chú ý

Cách luyện với video này

Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?