跟讀練習: How do stem cells work in the body? - 通過影片學習英語口語
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16 句
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1
Whenever there is an injury or a challenge to an organ or tissue, a whole process of renewal takes place in the body to help restore optimal health.
2
Soon after the injury, the affected tissue releases specific compounds that travel through the blood to the bone marrow.
3
When the compounds released by the injured tissue reach the bone marrow,
4
these messengers tell the stem cells in the bone marrow to divide and create new stem cells, which are then released from the bone marrow into the bloodstream.
5
Slowly, the number of stem cells increases in the blood circulation.
6
At the same time, the affected the affected tissue releases another compound called stromal-derived factor 1, or SDF1, that attracts stem cells.
7
As stem cells circulate in the fine blood vessels of the affected tissue and sense the presence of this compound,
8
they stop in the blood flow and migrate into the tissue.
9
Inside the tissue, stem cells slowly migrate to the very site of injury where SDF1 is being secreted.
10
When they reach the site of the injury and come into contact with the damaged tissue,
11
stem cells begin to multiply and then slowly transform into cells of that tissue.
12
Through this process of amplification, one stem cell can become thousands of tissue cells.
13
It is through this natural process of renewal that the body maintains optimal health every day of our lives.
14
Stemregen is a natural product made of plant extracts
15
that have been documented to support the release of stem cells from the bone marrow, thereby increasing the number of circulating stem cells.
16
More stem cells in circulation means that more stem cells are available to participate in the process of tissue repair.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 C1 級別的口語課以影片“How do stem cells work in the body?”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：cell, stem, tissue, marrow, bone。 這段影片共有 16 個句子、284 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 2:02。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 140 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 73% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 12 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| marrow 名詞 | /ˈmæɹəʊ/ | 髓, 骨髓 |
| circulate 動詞 | /ˈsɝ.kjʊˌleɪt/ | 環繞 |
| migrate 動詞 | /maɪˈɡɹeɪt/ | 遷徙 |
| renewal 名詞 | 更新 | |
| optimal 形容詞 | /ˈɑptɪməl/ | 最佳的 |
| bloodstream 名詞 | /ˈblʌd.stɹɪim/ | 血液, 血流 |
| injure 動詞 | /ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/ | 傷害 /傷害, 損傷 /損傷 |
| multiply 動詞 | /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/ | 增長 /增長 |
| messenger 名詞 | /ˈmɛs.ən.d͡ʒɚ/ | 信使, 使者 |
| extract 名詞 | /ˈɛkstɹækt/ | 精 |
| thereby 副詞 | /ðɛɹˈbaɪ/ | 從而 /從而, 因此 |
| transform 動詞 | /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ | 變換 /變換, 變形 /變形 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are then released · being secreted · have been documented |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have been documented |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | cells, which are |
需要注意的發音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: circulate /ˈsɝ.kjʊˌleɪt/, migrate /maɪˈɡɹeɪt/, derive /dɪˈɹaɪv/, extract /ˈɛkstɹækt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: bloodstream /ˈblʌd.stɹɪim/, stromal /ˈstɹəʊ̯.məl/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: marrow /ˈmæɹəʊ/, amplification /ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, extract /ˈɛkstɹækt/, transform /tɹænsˈfɔɹm/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 marrow, circulate, migrate 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。