跟讀練習: LEGO Bricks In The Making - 通過影片學習英語口語
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69 句
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The The
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Lego brick is an old invention by now.
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The first plastic brick was molded in 1949.
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Since then, thousands of new and unique Lego elements have been developed.
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Pick a Lego brick from a box today and it will fit with any brick that was molded decades ago.
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This is the result of great precision and commitment for more than 50 years.
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The LEGO Group has factories across the world.
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But how do you produce hundreds of different types of bricks with such precision
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and in a wealth of colors every single day?
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And how do the Briggs find their way to the right boxes?
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This is the story about how small pieces of plastic granulate are transformed into creative playsets.
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A truck arrives with raw material at the factory.
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A truck like this holds up to 28 tons of plastic granulate.
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The granulate is blasted from the truck into tall silos where it is stored.
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Different types of plastic granulate are used depending on the function of each Lego element.
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The granulate is fed down a labyrinth of long pipes into the factory.
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The pipes lead to the heart of the Lego factory, the molding area.
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High-tech injection molding machines produce Lego elements 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
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First the raw granulate is mixed with the dye.
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Bricks are currently produced in over 50 different colors.
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The colored granulate is then led into the molding machine.
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Within no time the granulate is heated to between 230 and 310 degrees Celsius.
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The plastic melts into a texture much like toothpaste.
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With great force the paste is then fed into the mold.
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Great forces must be controlled during this process.
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The pressure can reach 29,000 psi.
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In comparison, a car's tire pressure is 29 to 43 psi.
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In the mould, the material is cooled in a matter of seconds, and out comes a new-born Lego brick as we know it.
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Plastic waste from the molding machines is ground and recycled straight away.
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Each mold can make one shape of Lego element at a time.
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To make a different shape of element, the mold must therefore be replaced.
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The unique molds are part of the secret behind the success of the Lego Group behind the success of the LEGO Group.
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In each factory there's a department dedicated to regular cleaning and maintenance of the moulds.
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The moulds are made with great accuracy, ensuring that all LEGO bricks always fit together perfectly.
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The moulds are therefore handled with greatest care.
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Each mould has a specific set of instructions, which among other things cover pressure, time and temperature.
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Temperature tests and moulding tests are carried out to ensure the machine is programmed to perfection at each replacement of the moulds.
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Samples are sent to the quality department, which measures such things as the durability and precision of the element.
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It is ensured that the LEGO element is perfect.
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AGV stands for Automatic Guided Vehicle.
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Robots like these were introduced into the production as early as 1987.
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When the box by the molding machine is full, these intelligent helpers replace it with a new empty box.
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The AGV then takes the full boxes to the conveyor system.
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A unique barcode identifies the contents of each box.
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The boxes are shaken to even out the content, ensuring it takes up as little space as possible.
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Now the lids can be closed.
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This is where the journey of the boxes ends for now.
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In High Bay warehouses up to 37 meters high, the boxes are ready to be collected.
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When a specific LEGO element is required, the box is collected.
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All registration and localization is entirely automated.
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The boxes are then transported onwards from here.
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Many elements are taken directly to the packaging lines, But not these little guys.
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The minifigures must first get their own unique expression.
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A machine can produce more than 7,000 torsos per hour.
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Over half a billion minifigures are produced every year, making them one of the world's largest populations.
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In the first part of the packaging process, counting machines ensure that elements are put in small production boxes.
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One by one they're weighed and measured to secure the right numbers in each box.
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The bricks to be included in just one bag in a complete Lego set are placed in rows of counting machines.
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The content of each production box is then automatically put in a plastic bag.
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The bags are dropped into open Lego boxes along with the building instructions and large special elements.
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The most efficient packaging lines pack over 50,000 boxes every 24 hours.
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Now the boxes are closed and sealed.
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Here we have final LEGO boxes as we know them.
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The LEGO boxes are packed for shipping and stacked onto pallets.
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They are now ready for a long journey.
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First stop of the journey is at one of the large distribution centres.
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From here they are shipped to stores all over the world.
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It is now up to children and adults to explore the fun and creative building experiences of the LEGO set.
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Thank you.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B1 級別的口語課以影片“LEGO Bricks In The Making”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：Lego, boxes, element, brick, granulate。 這段影片共有 69 個句子、840 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 8:31。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 99 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 只有 78% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| mold 名詞 | /moʊld/ | 黴菌, 黴 |
| brick 名詞 | /ˈbɹɪk/ | 磚仔 /磚仔, 磚 /磚 |
| precision 名詞 | /pɹɪˈsɪʒ.ən/ | 精度, 準確度 /準確度 |
| instruction 名詞 | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | 教導 /教導 |
| pipe 名詞 | /ˈpaɪp/ | 笛子, 管子 |
| automate 動詞 | /ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/ | 自動化 /自動化 |
| barcode 名詞 | /ˈbɑɹ.koʊd/ | 條形碼 /條形碼, 條碼 /條碼 |
| conveyor 名詞 | /kənˈveɪɚ/ | 傳送帶 /傳送帶 |
| durability 名詞 | /dəɹəˈbɪləti/ | 耐久性 |
| helper 名詞 | /ˈhɛlpɚ/ | 幫手 /幫手, 助手 |
| labyrinth 名詞 | /ˈlæb.ə.ɹɪnθ/ | 明陣 /明陣, 迷宮 /迷宮 |
| localization 名詞 | /ˌloʊkəlɪˈzeɪʃən/ | 本地化, 地方化 |
| onward 副詞 | /ˈɒnwəd/ | 向前 |
| pallet 名詞 | /ˈpælɪt/ | 稻草鋪 /稻草鋪, 草褥 |
| recycle 動詞 | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | 迴圈再造 /迴圈再造, 回收 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | was molded · have been developed · are transformed |
| 義務：must / have to / need to 表示某事是必要的 | must therefore · must first |
需要注意的發音
- “th” 音: labyrinth /ˈlæb.ə.ɹɪnθ/, toothpaste /ˈtuθpeɪst/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: precision /pɹɪˈsɪʒ.ən/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, localization /ˌloʊkəlɪˈzeɪʃən/, perfection /pɚˈfɛk.ʃən/, injection /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: durability /dəɹəˈbɪləti/, localization /ˌloʊkəlɪˈzeɪʃən/, accuracy /ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, registration /ˌɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: conveyor /kənˈveɪɚ/, invention /ɪnˈvɛnʃən/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: mold /moʊld/, brick /ˈbɹɪk/, granulate /ˈɡɹæn.jul.eɪt/, mould /məʊld/, pipe /ˈpaɪp/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: granulate /ˈɡɹæn.jul.eɪt/, durability /dəɹəˈbɪləti/, labyrinth /ˈlæb.ə.ɹɪnθ/, recycle /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/, explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 mold, brick, precision 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。