跟讀練習: Merge sort in 3 minutes - 通過影片學習英語口語
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13 句
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today we're going to learn mergesort a few quick points then we'll get to the example mergesort is usually done recursively when you think of merge sort as with
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other recursive algorithms I want you to think of divide and conquer we're going to break our problem into smaller problems in order to solve it let's get started we
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have the following array and we want it sorted we're going to continuously split the array in half our divide step until we are left with the individual items watch and see
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you our arrays now broken down into individual items one note before we start sorting when
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you implement this in code these steps we done in a different order because of recursion but I think this human-friendly order provides more clarity and learning let's continue we're ready
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to sort will examine the individual items compare their values and merge them into temporary arrays
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you the temporary rays are sorted but there's work left to do let's jump up the recursion stack
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and continue we merge our smaller arrays into a larger one inserting items in the correct order
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you one more merge and we'll have our sorted array
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you and that's it our array is now sorted here's the pseudocode
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for merge sort on the left you have the recursive part which halves the arrays on the right is the merge function which combines the arrays
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mergesort has a worst case time complexity of Big O of n times log in the easiest way to think about it is to start with the merge step looking at the while loop we see we have to visit n items the log
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n comes from the maximum height of a binary tree we create which is on the order of log N thank you for watching please comment suggestions for future videos below as well as any questions you may have
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“Merge sort in 3 minutes”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：array, merge, items, sorted, mergesort。 這段影片共有 13 個句子、321 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 3:01。 說話人語速較慢，每分鐘約 106 個詞，你有足夠的時間模仿每一個音。 只有 79% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| merge 動詞 | /mɝd͡ʒ/ | 合併 |
| temporary 形容詞 | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | 暫時 /暫時 |
| divide 動詞 | /dɪˈvaɪd/ | 分, 分裂 |
| compare 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比較 |
| solve 動詞 | /sɒlv/ | 解決 /解決 |
| loop 名詞 | /luːp/ | 圈, 環 /環 |
| suggestion 名詞 | /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ | 建議 /建議, 提議 /提議 |
| implement 動詞 | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | 實施 /實施, 執行 /執行 |
| examine 動詞 | /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ | 檢查, 調查 |
| combine 動詞 | /kəmˈbaɪn/ | 結合 /結合, 組合 /組合 |
| stack 名詞 | /stæk/ | 堆 |
| algorithm 名詞 | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | 演算法, 演算法 |
| complexity 名詞 | /kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/ | 複雜性 /複雜性 |
| insert 動詞 | /ɪnˈsɝt/ | 插入, 插上 |
| continuously 副詞 | /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ | 不斷 /不斷, 一直 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are left · are sorted · is now sorted |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | create which is |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 6 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 we're, we'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/, recursion /ɹɪˈkɜː(ɹ)ʒən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, complexity /kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/, continuously /kənˈtɪnjuəsli/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, solve /sɒlv/, recursive /ɹɪˈkɜː(ɹ)sɪv/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: merge /mɝd͡ʒ/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, solve /sɒlv/, loop /luːp/, implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, clarity /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.ti/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 merge, temporary, divide 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。