跟讀練習: No, Really — Is A.I. a Bubble? | The Ezra Klein Show - 通過影片學習英語口語

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Paul, make the case to me this is a bubble.

So in Western economic history, there have been like eight or nine of these moments where we build out some giant general purpose technology.

And so we're building it out like we were the railroads, like we were electrification, like we were the canals, like we were the interstate highways.

And every one of those moments has led to overbuild.

There isn't a major economic CapEx episode in Western economic history that didn't end in a rolling series of crises,

vastly inflated asset prices, and vast oversupply of capacity of whatever the thing was, right?

Railroads, fiber, take your pick.

Now, none of this is to say that like AI is frivolous

or it doesn't work or that there aren't incredibly useful cases for it.

That's not the point any more than that was the point for railroads, right?

Railroads are incredibly useful.

It didn't still end up where something like 50 % of the track miles ever laid turned out to be useless, right?

So the bubble is this vast oversupply of something, largely fueled now by credit,

which in turn will lead to massive business failures and write -down of assets.

So all of this investment is at risk,

and it's across the entire economy and sitting inside of all kinds of—but it's even sitting inside of your individual, your 401ks.

So if you're holding an S &P 500 index, my friend, you are very, very long AI, right?

Get out of my portfolio, Paul.

Yeah, get that crap out of my portfolio.

So you're very, very long AI.

And this is the problem.

Everything is leveraged to AI across every asset class, across all the retail investing.

And then the last stat I'll give you, and the reason why

that matters is we're at record percentages in terms of the percentage of people's net worth that are tied to equity.

50 % of people's net worth is now in equity.

So follow that math through.

Most of equities is currently tech.

Most of tech is currently AI.

That's going to only get worse as these two monster IPOs come to market over the next, I don't know, two months or whatever.

OpenAI and Anthropic?

OpenAI and Anthropic.

And just to put that in context, by the way, OpenAI, Anthropic, and SpaceX, if you want to include it,

combined, those three IPOs are larger than all post -World War II IPOs combined.

Like, this is a really unusual moment.

That's a crazy stat.

It's a crazy stat.

And not only

that, the combined value of those companies is larger than the value of the NASDAQ market capitalization at its peak.

Like the bubble is sitting right in front of people and they want to say,

well, I expect you to come with blonde hair, not brown hair.

Dude, just because it doesn't look the way you want it to look doesn't make it any less fragile.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這節口語課以影片“No, Really — Is A.I. a Bubble?”為素材。影片中反覆出現的詞有：railroads, Anthropic, Ipos, Openai, stat。這段影片共有 41 個句子、494 個單詞可供跟讀。講話部分時長為 2:33。說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 194 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 83% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞	發音	釋義
equity 名詞	/ˈɛk.wɪ.ti/	公平, 公平性
asset 名詞	/ˈæsɛt/	資產 /資產
bubble 名詞	/ˈbʌbəl/	泡, 氣泡 /氣泡
combine 動詞	/kəmˈbaɪn/	結合 /結合, 組合 /組合
stat 副詞	/stæt/	即刻
vast 形容詞	/væst/	浩大
percentage 名詞	/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/	百分率, 百分比
unusual 形容詞	/ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/	稀有
invest 動詞	/ɪnˈvɛst/	耗費 /耗費, 投資 /投資
canal 名詞	/kəˈnæl/	運河 /運河
mathematics 名詞	/mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/	數學 /數學, 算學 /算學
interstate 副詞	/ˈɪntɚˌsteɪt/	州際的 /州際的
leverage 名詞	/ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/	槓桿 /槓桿
fragile 形容詞	/ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/	易碎, 脆弱
blond 形容詞	/blɑnd/	金髮的 /金髮的

影片中出現的短語動詞

單詞	釋義
end up 動詞	到達

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 13 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 doesn't, didn't, we're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, capitalization /ˌkæpɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/, electrification /ɪˈlɛktɹɪfɪkeɪʃən/
長單詞——注意重音位置: incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, oversupply /əʊvəsəˈplʌɪ/

中文母語者容易讀錯的音：

/v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vast /væst/, invest /ɪnˈvɛst/, leverage /ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/, vastly /ˈvæstli/, oversupply /əʊvəsəˈplʌɪ/
詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: railroad /ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/, asset /ˈæsɛt/, stat /stæt/, vast /væst/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: railroad /ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, leverage /ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/, fragile /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/, electrification /ɪˈlɛktɹɪfɪkeɪʃən/

如何用這段影片練習

先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 equity, asset, bubble 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: No, Really — Is A.I. a Bubble? | The Ezra Klein Show - 通過影片學習英語口語

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