Pratique du Shadowing: No, Really — Is A.I. a Bubble? | The Ezra Klein Show - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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41 phrases
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1
Paul, make the case to me this is a bubble.
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So in Western economic history, there have been like eight or nine of these moments where we build out some giant general purpose technology.
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And so we're building it out like we were the railroads, like we were electrification, like we were the canals, like we were the interstate highways.
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And every one of those moments has led to overbuild.
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There isn't a major economic CapEx episode in Western economic history that didn't end in a rolling series of crises,
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vastly inflated asset prices, and vast oversupply of capacity of whatever the thing was, right?
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Railroads, fiber, take your pick.
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Now, none of this is to say that like AI is frivolous
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or it doesn't work or that there aren't incredibly useful cases for it.
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That's not the point any more than that was the point for railroads, right?
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Railroads are incredibly useful.
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It didn't still end up where something like 50 % of the track miles ever laid turned out to be useless, right?
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So the bubble is this vast oversupply of something, largely fueled now by credit,
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which in turn will lead to massive business failures and write -down of assets.
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So all of this investment is at risk,
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and it's across the entire economy and sitting inside of all kinds of—but it's even sitting inside of your individual, your 401ks.
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So if you're holding an S &P 500 index, my friend, you are very, very long AI, right?
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Get out of my portfolio, Paul.
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Yeah, get that crap out of my portfolio.
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So you're very, very long AI.
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And this is the problem.
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Everything is leveraged to AI across every asset class, across all the retail investing.
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And then the last stat I'll give you, and the reason why
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that matters is we're at record percentages in terms of the percentage of people's net worth that are tied to equity.
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50 % of people's net worth is now in equity.
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So follow that math through.
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Most of equities is currently tech.
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Most of tech is currently AI.
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That's going to only get worse as these two monster IPOs come to market over the next, I don't know, two months or whatever.
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OpenAI and Anthropic?
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OpenAI and Anthropic.
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And just to put that in context, by the way, OpenAI, Anthropic, and SpaceX, if you want to include it,
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combined, those three IPOs are larger than all post -World War II IPOs combined.
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Like, this is a really unusual moment.
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That's a crazy stat.
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It's a crazy stat.
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And not only
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that, the combined value of those companies is larger than the value of the NASDAQ market capitalization at its peak.
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Like the bubble is sitting right in front of people and they want to say,
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well, I expect you to come with blonde hair, not brown hair.
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Dude, just because it doesn't look the way you want it to look doesn't make it any less fragile.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « No, Really — Is A.I. a Bubble? ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : railroads, Anthropic, Ipos, Openai, stat. Cette vidéo contient 41 phrases et 494 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 2:33. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 194 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
equity nom/ˈɛk.wɪ.ti/impartialité, solidarité
asset nom/ˈæsɛt/actif
bubble nom/ˈbʌbəl/bulle
combine verbe/kəmˈbaɪn/combiner
stat adverbe/stæt/maintenant, là
vast adjectif/væst/vaste, immense
percentage nom/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/pourcentage
incredibly adverbe/ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/incroyablement
portfolio nom/pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/portefeuille
unusual adjectif/ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/inhabituel, insolite
invest verbe/ɪnˈvɛst/investir, consacrer
canal nom/kəˈnæl/canal
mathematics nom/mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/mathématiques
interstate adverbe/ˈɪntɚˌsteɪt/interétatique
leverage nom/ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/effet de levier

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
end up verbese terminer, se finir

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 13 contractions et formes réduites, comme doesn't, didn't, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, capitalization /ˌkæpɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/, electrification /ɪˈlɛktɹɪfɪkeɪʃən/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊ.liˌəʊ/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, oversupply /əʊvəsəˈplʌɪ/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/, leverage /ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/, fragile /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: railroad /ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/, percentage /pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/, leverage /ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/, fragile /ˈfɹæd͡ʒəl/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme equity, asset, bubble.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →