跟讀練習: What Happens if the Moon Crashes into Earth? - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。

113 句

如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。

Today, we are answering an age-old, very scientific and important question.

What if the Moon crashes into Earth?

It's more interesting and weird than you probably think.

Let's start with the basics.

Why isn't the Moon on its way to crash into us already?

We know that Earth's gravity pulls everything towards it, including the Moon, but somehow it stays up as if suspended by some opposite force.

But there is no other force countering gravity.

Instead, the trick to staying up is a sideways motion that we call an orbit.

You see orbits every day.

When you throw a ball, it makes a tiny little orbit.

The only difference between the ball's orbit and the moon's is that the ball eventually hits the ground.

Basically, the reason is speed.

If you could throw your ball fast enough, it would bend around the world and come back to you.

If there were no air slowing it down, it could orbit forever.

And this is what the Moon does.

Falling sideways around Earth very fast with no air slowing it down, orbiting Earth every 27 days at 3,600 kilometers an hour.

So for the Moon to just stop in its orbit

and plummet to the Earth would break more laws of physics than we have time to explain.

So, how do we crash it into Earth?

In a nutshell, to change an object's orbit, you need to change its speed, which changes where gravity takes it.

But even small changes require enormous forces, which is why all the large objects in the solar system are so stable nowadays.

According to science, the moon is big and very massive.

Even igniting billions of rocket engines all over its surface over its surface would barely move the Moon.

It looks like nothing short of magic will make the Moon fall,

so we'll use a magic spell that slows down the Moon so much that it changes its orbit and spirals towards Earth.

To get the most from the experience, the Moon will take exactly one year before it hits Earth.

Ready?

Three, two, one.

Magic.

Month one.

But for the first few days, nothing really changes.

The moon gets a tiny bit brighter, and scientists get confused, but the rest of us don't notice anything different.

The only noticeable real effect of the moon on the Earth are the tides.

Tides exist because while Earth pulls on the moon, the moon's gravity pulls back on the Earth.

Since the strength of gravity gets weaker with distance, different parts of the Earth feel a slightly different pull, which causes the Earth, especially the oceans,

to bulge when the Moon is above them and contract a little on the sides when it's not.

As Earth rotates every day underneath the Moon, the Moon's influence fluctuates, causing the water level of the oceans to rise

and fall by about half a meter twice a day.

But with the moon drawing ever closer high tide gets higher every day

At first barely noticeable within a month the moon has covered half the distance to the earth

and ocean tides have grown to four meters

Every day high tide comes and waves flood coastal cities and there's no end in sight

With the moon drawing ever closer tides rise ever higher in undating another city

and more inhabited land with salty water every day Month 2 By the end of month 2,

the moon has covered two-thirds of the distance to Earth, and global infrastructure is crumbling as tides rise above 10 meters,

displacing up to a billion people who happen to live near the coastlines.

As ports become inoperable, shipping grinds to a halt.

Not only will it slow down the delivery of Kurzgesagt products, but also less exciting things like food.

Global communications fall into disarray.

95% of the internet is carried by ocean crossing cables, and while these largely don't mind the water, their terminals on land do.

Living inland doesn't guarantee safety either.

Tidal bores cause rivers to flow backwards, carrying salt water to contaminate surface and groundwater supplies.

Gas shortages follow as all refineries near the coast are abandoned.

Countries are left with the supplies they had on their shelves and strict rationing will begin.

In the cities, chaos reigns during the scavenging hours of low tide, while survivors take refuge in high-rises when the water returns.

Month 3 Three months in and the Moon is close enough to disrupt communication and navigation satellites.

While it's normally far too distant for its gravity to cause any major problems for our satellites, the closer it gets, the more warped their orbits become.

As their fuel for orbital corrections runs out, satellites careen out of control.

Months 4 and 5 On Earth,

the tides are rapidly growing to about 30 meters and will be reaching 100 meters in height in a few short weeks.

At low tide, the ocean recedes hundreds of kilometers, exposing the continental shelf like vast deserts,

while at high tide, walls of water drown agriculture, houses, and skyscrapers.

And now, almost five months in, the apocalypse has finished its warm-up act.

Since the oceans are on average only three kilometers deep, the tides have reached their maximum.

Up until now, the water in the oceans could flow, absorbing most of the moon's gravitational squeezing,

but now the Earth itself is really feeling the squeeze of the ever approaching moon.

These aren't so much tides of water, but tides of rock.

The squeezing of the planet combined with the weight of quintillions of tons of water sloshing on

and off the tectonic plate creates enormous stresses below and begins to cause earthquakes of increasing magnitude and intensity.

It's impossible to say how serious these earthquakes might be or where they occur, But like a child jumping on their bed until it breaks, no good can come of it.

Strong tidal forces lead to volcanism on other planets and moons.

On Earth, squeezing the planet disrupts the magma reservoirs inside the crust, triggering sizeable, climate-altering eruptions in Chile,

New Zealand, Yellowstone and elsewhere.

Meanwhile, watching patiently above is the Moon.

Still no bigger in the sky than a small cloud.

Within 75,000 kilometers of Earth, it is bright enough to illuminate the night sky like twilight.

Months 6 and 7 After half a year, the moon is entering the space once occupied by geosynchronous satellites where it orbits Earth every 24 hours.

It appears to float at one spot in the sky unmoving, cycling through a full set of phases every day, but only visible to half the planet.

With the moon stationary above the earth, the tides seem to freeze in place.

Half the world flooded, half with its water seemingly returned to the sea, as if earth is holding its breath to prepare for the worst.

As the moon sinks further, you might wonder if its gravity would overpower earth, pulling you up and ending your misery.

Fortunately not.

The earth's surface gravity is about six times stronger than the moon's, so even if the moon were hovering right on top of you, you would still stay on the ground.

On the moon, things are different though.

The near side of the moon is more strongly affected by Earth's gravity, so during the next few months, it starts to stretch forward towards the Earth into something of an egg,

triggering deep moonquakes as the lunar rock flexes and changes shape.

Though barely noticeable now, this squish will grow to hundreds of kilometers in a matter of months.

Months 8 to 11.

At this point, the apocalypse has arrived, and we can summarize the months before the crash as everybody left has a really bad time.

The tides sweeping over the Earth slow down and then reverse their direction

because the moon now orbits Earth faster than it rotates.

The planet will experience an abundance of earthquakes and volcanism.

Massive amounts of volcanic aerosols rise high into the stratosphere, shiny enough to reflect sunlight back into space.

What little light gets through is rust red and is periodically diminished by daily eclipses.

The result is a rapid global cooling, with acid rains and summer snows killing even the hardiest plants.

The clock runs out on civilization.

Billions have perished, while an X-shaped moon is still drawing closer.

Let's get ready for the grand finale.

Month 12 Finally, at the end of the year, the Moon has reached the Roche limit.

100

That's the point where Earth's gravitational pull on the Moon is stronger than the Moon's own gravity.

101

Things on the lunar surface start falling towards Earth, and by the time it crosses 10,000 kilometers, the entire Moon disintegrates into rubble,

102

smearing itself into a massive ring system around the Earth.

103

Fortunately, the Moon's disintegration means the misery on Earth has ended has ended.

104

No moon means the general apocalyptic nature of things comes to a halt.

105

The oceans recede, flowing off the land one last time.

106

Any survivors are treated to a view of tremendous arches spanning the sky,

107

glimmering in the sunlight, illuminating the night sky more brilliantly than any full moon ever could, while meteor showers of moon dust fill the sky.

108

It's hard to say what happens next, but the tranquility may be short-lived.

109

If too much moon dust rains down, friction heats the atmosphere, possibly boiling the oceans.

110

If not, the enormous shadows cast by the rings, combined with all the volcanic and meteoric aerosols,

111

block even more sunlight, and a period of runaway cooling could begin that freezes much of Earth's surface solid.

112

In any case, at some point people will emerge again, from submarines or bunkers or mountaintops.

113

They will not have a great time before rebuilding civilization and their success is not guaranteed, but at least they'll be trying to do so with beautiful rings in the sky.

下載應用

流利口語所需的一切

AI 發音評分逐句打分

音標練習掌握每個音

詞彙學習建立你的詞庫

詞彙遊戲邊玩邊學

掃碼

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

同頻道

FOR YOU

背景與背景

在今天的影片中，我們探討了一個古老且重要的科學問題：“如果月亮撞擊地球會發生什麼？”這不僅是一個有趣的話題，同時也引發了我們對物理學與天文學的思考。通過講解月亮的軌道和引力作用力，影片帶領我們理解了月亮如何保持在軌道上，以及它與地球之間的關係。這為觀眾提供了一個出色的學習機會，不僅能夠加深對科學知識的理解，還能提高他們的英語表達能力。

日常交流的五個常用短語

What if（如果……會怎樣）
Gravity pulls（重力吸引）
Stay in orbit（保持軌道）
Change its speed（改變速度）
High tide（高潮）

以上短語是影片中的重要表達，能夠幫助英語學習者在日常對話中更有效地交流，尤其是在科學和技術相關的討論中。

逐步跟讀指南

對於想要提高英語發音和口語技能的學習者，可以通過以下步驟進行跟讀練習，特別是利用這種“shadow speak”方法：

首先，觀看影片並仔細聆聽講解的語調和節奏。對於初學者，這一步是非常重要的。
使用暫停播放，逐句重複你聽到的內容，模仿說話者的發音和語調。這可以幫助你提高英語發音，獲取更多的口語表達。
在跟讀的過程中，嘗試理解每個短語的含義和用法。比如，“high tide” 在天氣預報中經常被用到，瞭解它的實際應用有助於你日後的交流。
可以利用“看YouTube學英語”這種方式，找到相關的科學類影片，嘗試模擬其講話風格，從而提高你的科研話題表達能力。
最後，進行雅思口語練習時，可以將這些短語和句型融入到自己的答案中，幫助你在考試中表達得更加流利和得體。

通過這些練習，你將能夠更好地應對複雜的對話，並提升你的英語口語水平。別忘了，持續地練習是進步的關鍵，定期進行這樣的“shadow speaks”練習，能夠顯著提升你在真實場合中的表現能力。

影片中的語法

說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：

結構	影片中的用法
現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事	has covered · have grown · has finished
被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的	is carried · are abandoned · are left
定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物	forces, which is · people who happen

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →

跟讀練習: What Happens if the Moon Crashes into Earth? - 通過影片學習英語口語

選擇練習模式

下載應用

Queen Ant Clones Another Species

How Caffeine Works

Your Skeleton Is Electric

The Beginning of Everything -- The Big Bang

Could Humans Evolve Flight?

You Will Only Like Half of This Video

Would You Upload Your Mind?

Your Brain on Magic Mushrooms

Why Ebola Keeps Coming Back

Let’s Steal a New Moon

What Happens AFTER Nuclear War?

3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3

What Falling in Love Does to You

YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.

What Is Life? Is Death Real?

How I Survived Late-Stage Cancer (A Fun Story)

How Antidepressants Work

Your Brain Peaked at Birth

We Won’t Explore the Galaxy...

Dozens of Nukes Are Missing. Why? HOW?

What if We Nuke the Moon?

The Science Behind The Odyssey's Greatest Challenge

What If Earth got Kicked Out of the Solar System? Rogue Earth

What If I Fell Into A Black Hole?

What is Plate Tectonics: Crash Course Geology #10

Joe & Matt Walsh Go Back and Forth on the Moon Landing Conspiracy

The Nucleus: Crash Course Chemistry #1

Astronomers Just Found Earth's Secret Second Moon

Believers, is this a prophecy unfolding?

All of Astronomy in 6 minutes

[Song ngữ - TED Ed] Sóng thần hình thành như thế nào?

How To Keep a Skyscraper From Falling Over

背景與背景

日常交流的五個常用短語

逐步跟讀指南

影片中的語法

什麼是跟讀法？