第 9 課 · 第 1 階段: 基礎
祈使句：Let's / Don't
初級Imperatives: Let's / Don't
構成與用法
Let's + 動詞，Don't + 動詞 — 提議或要求別人做某事
1.形式
祈使句以動詞原形開頭，沒有主語（預設主語是 “you”）。否定式：Don't + 動詞原形。
| 例句 | |
|---|---|
| 肯定式 | Sit down. · Close the door. · Wait for me. |
| 否定式 | Don't worry. · Don't touch that. |
| 用 be | Be careful. · Be quiet. · Don't be late. |
| 用 never | Never share your password. |
2.用法
| 用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 說明、指路 | Turn left at the traffic lights. · Add a pinch of salt. |
| 請求、命令 | Turn off your phones, please. |
| 警告 | Watch out! · Mind the gap. · Don't run! |
| 邀請、建議 | Come in. · Have a seat. · Take an umbrella. |
| 祝願 | Have a nice day! · Enjoy your meal! · Get well soon! |
3.讓語氣更禮貌
祈使句可能聽起來很直接。要讓語氣緩和一些：
- 在句首或句末加 please：Please wait here. / Wait here, please.
- 簡單、很快的小動作前加 just：Just sign here.
- 請人幫忙時改成疑問句：Could you open the window?（見“請求、提議和許可”一課）。
對陌生人、同事或上司，最好用 “Could you…?”，而不是祈使句——即使加了 please 也一樣。
4.Let's：建議一起做某事
Let's + 動詞原形（= let us）邀請別人和你一起做某事。否定式：Let's not + 動詞原形。
Let's go for a walk.
我們去散散步吧。
Let's not argue about it.
我們別為這事吵了。
5.加 you 來強調
有時說話人會加上 you 來分配任務或加強語氣：You wait here, I'll get the car. 如果語氣不友好，聽起來會像在發號施令。
6.常見錯誤
Not touch it!Don't touch it!
否定式用 don't。
Don't to open the door.Don't open the door.
don't 後面不加 to。
Don't be worry.Don't worry.
worry 是動詞，不需要 be。
Be not late.Don't be late.
be 的否定式也用 don't。
Let's to go.Let's go.
let's 後面用不帶 to 的原形。
例句
- Don't touch the oven. It's very hot!
- Let's go for a walk. It's a beautiful day.
- Don't forget to bring your passport tomorrow.
- Let's take a photo here!
