第 8 課 · 第 1 階段: 基礎
“So do I” / “I think so”
初級構成與用法
So do I, Neither can I, I think so, I hope not — 用助動詞或 so/not 的簡短回答
1.怎樣構成
回答一般疑問句(yes/no 問句)時用 Yes / No + 主語 + 助動詞——重複問句裡的助動詞,不用把整句話再說一遍。
| 問句 | 肯定回答 | 否定回答 |
|---|---|---|
| Are you tired? | Yes, I am. | No, I'm not. |
| Is it far? | Yes, it is. | No, it isn't. |
| Do you cook? | Yes, I do. | No, I don't. |
| Does he smoke? | Yes, he does. | No, he doesn't. |
| Did they win? | Yes, they did. | No, they didn't. |
| Can you swim? | Yes, I can. | No, I can't. |
| Have you got a car? | Yes, I have. | No, I haven't. |
| Is there a lift? | Yes, there is. | No, there isn't. |
| Will she come? | Yes, she will. | No, she won't. |
2.要記住的規則
- 肯定回答永遠不縮寫:Yes, I am / Yes, she is / Yes, we have(不說 Yes, I'm / Yes, she's / Yes, we've)。
- 否定回答通常用縮寫:No, I'm not / No, he doesn't / No, they can't。
- 主語要相應變化:Are you…? → Yes, I am. Does your mum…? → Yes, she does. Are the shops…? → No, they aren't.
- 助動詞必須和時態一致:Did…? → 用 did / didn't,絕不用 do。
只說 “Yes.” 或 “No.” 可能顯得生硬、冷淡。完整的簡略回答(Yes, I do.)聽起來自然、禮貌得多。
3.回答否定疑問句
中文按是否同意對方的說法來回答(“你不喜歡榴槤嗎?——對,我不喜歡。”)。英語則根據事實來選擇 Yes/No。
Don't you like durian? — Yes, I do.
你不喜歡榴槤嗎?——不,我喜歡。(= 我喜歡)
Don't you like durian? — No, I don't.
你不喜歡榴槤嗎?——對,我不喜歡。(= 我不喜歡)
小竅門:把問句裡的 “not” 去掉(Do you like durian?),再回答這個問題。喜歡 → Yes, I do。不喜歡 → No, I don't。
4.用助動詞簡短回應
助動詞還可以用來回應別人的陳述,而不用重複整句話。
| 用途 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 表示驚訝或感興趣 | I've lost my phone. — Have you? / I don't eat meat. — Don't you? |
| 我也是(肯定) | I love this song. — So do I. / I'm hungry. — So am I. |
| 我也不(否定) | I can't dance. — Neither can I. / I didn't go. — Neither did I. |
| 表示反對 | You didn't lock the door. — Yes, I did! |
| 簡短表達看法 | Is it going to rain? — I think so. / I hope not. / I don't think so. |
5.常見錯誤
Are you a student? — Yes, I'm.Yes, I am.
肯定回答不縮寫。
Do you like tea? — Yes, I like.Yes, I do.
重複助動詞,而不是主要動詞。
Did you see it? — Yes, I saw.Yes, I did.
重複 did。
Is your father at home? — Yes, he's.Yes, he is.
肯定回答不縮寫。
I'm tired. — So do I.So am I.
助動詞必須和原句一致(am)。
例句
- A: I love durian. B: So do I.
- A: I'm tired. B: So am I. Let's go home.
- A: I've seen that film twice. B: So have I.
- A: I can't drive. B: Neither can I.
